Objective To study the effect of lovastatin on the expression and activity of β-site APP cleaving enzyme (BACE1). Methods The SH-SY5Y cells were treated by lovastatin. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay, and the levels of cholesterol were assayed spectrophotometrically, and the activity of BACE1 was detected by fluorometric assay, and the expression level of BACE1 was detected by Western Blot. Results Compared with the control group, the cholesterol levels were decreased by 33.0% (3.33 vs. 4.97; F=5.13, P =0.020) and the activity of BACE1 was reduced by 13.8% (343.14 vs. 398.22; F=3.773, P =0.035) after 24h treatment of 5μmol/L lovastatin; the cholesterol levels were decreased by 49.2% (2.65 vs. 5.22; F=12.239, P =0.001) and the activity of BACE1 was reduced by 38.0% (274.75 vs. 443.14; F=13.610, P <0.01). Treatment with 5μmol/L lovastatin,for 48 h did affect the expression level of BACE1. Conclusions Lovastatin do not affect the expression level of BACE1, but may inhibit its activity and decrease the cholesterol level, thus providing a new approach to prevent or treat Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Objective To study effects of Ginsenoside Rg1,Rb1 on activity and genetic expression of alpha secretase in the progress of metabolism of APP.Methods Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line transacted by mutant PS1 (ML46L) genes and wild type PS1 genes was used.The activity of alpha secretase was tested by fluorometric reaction.The expression of ADAM9 and ADAM10 was analysis through western blotting and RT-PCR.Results The activity of alpha secretase was increased significantly in Ginsenoside Rg1,Rb1 group than that without Ginsenoside group (P

Objective:To study protective e ects of ginsenoside Rg1,Rb1 on cultured CHO cell injure induced by beta-amyloid protein 25-35(A?25-35).Methods:MTT assay was used to measure the cell viability after incubated with 40?mol/L A?25-35 for 24h and ginsenoside Rg1,Rb1 added into substratum.The e ect of anti-apoptosis of ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1 were assayed through ow cytometric analysis.Results:Compare with the control group,the cellular activity was decreased(P

Objective To investigate the correlation of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene variations in the promoter region with the sporadic Alzheimer' s disease (SAD) in Chinese Han population for better understanding the mechanism of SAD. MethodsThe polymorphisms of 279 SAD Chinese Han patients from Northern China were analyzed by comparing with those from 317 healthy individuals using the method of polymeraee chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism ( PCR-RFLP) or direct sequencing.The commercial statistics package SPSS 11.5 was used to compare the distribution of the allele and the genotype, and to analyze their correlations with SAD. ResultsThree polymorphism sites were found for the VEGF promoters in the Chinese Han sample group including -2578C/A,- 2549I/D and- 1154G/A.- 2549I/D and- 2578C/A exhibiting strong linkage disequilibrium. Individuals with the A allele at position -2578 had an insertion of 18 nucleotides at -2459I/D, whereas CC homozygotes did not contain th es were found between the SAD patients and the controls in the 3 VEGF polymorphisms. After adjusting the data for gender, age and the ApoE ε4 allele using Logistic regression, the - 1154G/G genotype of the VEGF promoter might increase the risk of SAD in Chinese Han population.Among the subgroup without the ApoE ε4 allele, -2549D/-1154G haplotype might increase the risk for SAD (OR = 1.325, 95％ CI 1.023--1.716, P=0.033). ConclusionsThree polymorphism sites ( -2578C/A, -254911D, and -1154G/A) are found in the VEGF promoter regions in Chinese Han population. The-1154G/G genotype of the VEGF promote appears to increase the risk of SAD in Chinese Han population.In the absence of ApoE ε4, the -2549D/-1154G haplotype of the VEGF promoter appears to affect the risk for SAD.

Objective:To observe the effect of acupoint massage plus acupoint sticking therapy for the stress reaction during postoperative anesthesia recovery period in patients undergoing nasal endoscopic surgery.Methods:A total of 120 patients undergoing nasal endoscopic surgery were included,and all patients were under trachea intubation and general anesthesia.The patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group,with 60 patients in each group.Patients in the control group received conventional anesthesia resuscitation,while patients in the observation group received acupoint massage plus acupoint sticking therapy on the basis of conventional anesthesia resuscitation.Changes in the heart rate (HR),systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were observed at three time points including the end of the surgery (TO),the removal of the tracheal tube (T1) and 10 min after the removal of the tracheal tube (T2).The awakening and tube removal time,choking cough and restlessness,and adverse reactions (dizziness,nausea and vomiting) in 24 h post-surgery period were compared.Results:At T1 and T2,the comparisons of HR,SBP and DBP between the two groups showed statistical significance (all P＜0.05).Intra-group comparisons showed that the HR,SBP and DBP of the control group at T1 and T2 were significant different from those at TO (all P＜0.05).There were significant differences in the awakening time and tube removal time between the two groups (both P＜0.05).The incidences of choking cough and restlessness were 8.3％ and 3.3％ respectively in the observation group,versus 53.3％ and 30.0％ in the control group,and the between-group comparisons showed statistical significance (both P＜0.05).The incidences of dizziness,nausea and vomiting in 24 h post-surgery period were 3.3％,5.0％ and 0.0％ respectively in the observation group,versus 43.3％,33.3％ and 25.0％ in the control group,and the between-group comparisons showed statistical significance (all P＜0.05).Conclusion:Acupoint massage plus acupoint sticking therapy can effectively regulate the stress reaction during postoperative anesthesia recovery period in patients undergoing nasal endoscopic surgery,and maintain a stable internal environment.

Objective To investigate the mechanisms of decreasing insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) level by mutation V97L in the gene presenilin 1 (PS-1).Methods Transcription factor GATA binding protein 3 (GATA-3) activity was assessed by protein/DNA array and verified by Western blot in SH-SY5Y cells transfected by PS-1 mutation V97L.Results Protein/DNA array and Western blot revealed that there was increased transcript factor activity (5.5 times high) and protein level of GATA-3 in V97L-PS-1 transfected SH-SY5Y cells.Transcription factor GATA-3 can bind to the IDE promoter and negatively control the IDE transcription level.Conclusion PS-1 mutation V97L may regulate the transcription of IDE via GATA-3, and subsequently involve in deposition of Aβ42 and development of Alzheimer's disease.

Multi-component traditional Chinese medicines are an innovative research mode for traditional Chinese medicines. Currently, there are many design methods for developing multi-component traditional Chinese medicines, but their common feature is the lack of effective connection of the traditional Chinese medicine theory. In this paper, the authors discussed the multi-component traditional Chinese medicine design methods based on medicinal property combination modes, provided the combination methods with the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine for the prescription combinations, and proved its feasibly with hypertension cases.
Animals ; Antihypertensive Agents ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Humans ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Rats

Objective To establish the Chinese version of the modified children's fear survey schedule-dental subscale(CFSS-DS). Methods The original English version of CFSS-DS with facial image scale(FIS) was translated into Chinese, pre-tested and cross-culturally adapted. Subsequently the Chinese version schedule was randomly investigated among 367 children aged 5-12 years and their parents. Reliability and validity of the translated scale was evaluated later. Results Totally 367 children were investigated and 311 valid questionnaire was received. Cronbach's alpha of the translated scale was 0. 85 and test-rest reliability was 0. 73. The 15 items were divided into four domains. There was a certain logical relationship between the items among the same domains. There was highly significant association between the self-report of the Modified CFSS-DS and Frankl Behavioral Scale ( r, = - 0. 403, P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusions The Chinese version of modified CFSS-DS has been established successfully with good psychometric properties which provide the theoretical evidence for further application in Chinese population.

Objective To investigate changes in the healthcare and support needs during the diagnostic period,and factors that affect these needs in women with suspected breast cancer.Methods This study used an investigator-developed,self-administered questionnaire to collect data from 283 women on three occasions:notification cation of need for breast biopsy,before biopsy and after diagnosis.Results The total score of need before the patients told breast biopsy was (27.68 ±0.53 ),and was higher than that after diagnosis ( 26.80 ±0.47) and the highest score was that before biopsy,which was ( 27.93 ± 0.49),and the difference among the three groups was significant ( F=6.48,P ＜ 0.01 ) ; needs score before diagnosis was ( 28.83 ± 0.31 ) and (27.06 ± 0.46) after diagnosis in participants whose education background was senior middle school or above;needs score before diagnosis was (27.04 ± 0.34) and ( 26.92 ± 0.48) after diagnosis in participants whose education background was junior high school or below; the differences was significant ( t=- 44.09,- 2.40,respectively; P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Need levels of women with suspected breast cancer vary during the diagnostic period,and are highest before breast biopsy,and related to personal characteristics and cultural context.Therefore,during this period,nursing staff should provide patients and families with cuhurally sensitive,individualized,supportive care.

Objective To investigate the awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of mineral and bone disorder in patients with moderate or advanced stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods The awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of mineral and bone disorder were evaluated based on a questionnaire and related laboratory examinations in 503 CKD stage 3 to 5 patients. Results The awareness rate of mineral and bone disorder in patients with moderate or advanced stage CKD was highest in hemodialysis patients,moderate in peritoneal dialysis patients and lowest in non-dialyzed patients (all P ＜0.01).The total scores of the questionnaire were lowest in non-dialyzed patients [6 (5,8)] and were significantly higher in peritoneal dialysis [11 (9,12)] and hemodialysis patients [13 (11,15)] (P＜0.01).The extent of awareness was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.11,P＜0.05),and positively correlated with educational background (r=0.226,P＜0.01),duration of CKD (r=0.597,P＜0.01) and duration of dialysis (r=0.366,P＜0.01).The source of knowledge was mainly from publicity and education made by medical staff,which accounted for 94.0％,79.5％ and 69.4％ respectively in nondialyzed,peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients.The treatment rate was significantly higher in peritoneal dialysis (88.6％) and hemodialysis patients (96.9％) than that in non-dialyzed patients (58.2％) (all P＜0.01).According to K/DOQI guideline,the control rate of serum calcium,phosphorus,calcium and phosphorus product and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were much better in non-dialyzed patients as compared to dialyzed ones.The percentage of number of lab indicators meeting the standard was significantly higher in non-dialyzed patients as compared to dialyzed ones (P＜0.01).According to KDIGO guideline,the control rate of serum phosphorus was significantly lower in hemodialysis patients (23.6％) than that in peritoneal dialysis (36.9％) and non-dialyzed patients (46.7％) (P＜0.01). Conclusions In non-dialyzed patients with moderate or advanced stage CKD,the awareness rate and treatment rate of mineral and bone disorder are relatively low,and the control rate is relatively high.Whereas in dialyzed patients,the awareness rate and treatment rate are relatively high,and the control rate is relatively low.