ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of infrared radiation and magnetic fields on the synovitis of rabbit with experimental knee osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsTwenty-four New Zealand grown rabbits were duplicated for OA model of the knee by extended fixation technique, and after 6 weeks, all rabbits were unchained from fixation. The rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: control group (no treatment), infrared group (treated with infrared radiation ), magnet-therapy group (treated with magnetic fields ) and the combined therapy group (treated with infrared radiation and magnetic fields). At the ends of the first, second and third week after treatment, 2 rabbits in each group were taken to measure the general change and histopathology of their synovium.ResultsCompared with other groups, the severity of synovitis (include the synovium line cells proliferation, the invading of granulation and blood vessels in the underlayer of synovium, the infiltration of inflammatory cells) declined significantly in combined therapy group. Scores of Ayral's index of combined group were significantly lower than other groups ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between infrared group and magnet-therapy group ( P>0.05).ConclusionThe combination of infrared radiation and magnetic fields can efficiently suppress the synovitis of OA and alleviate the tissue's destructions.

Objective To investigate the effect of radiation on the expressions of RANKL and OPG in osteoblasts in order to disclose the molecular mechanism of bone injury induced by ionizing radiation.Methods The osteoblasts were differentiated from MC3T3-E1 cells.After 2 or 4 Gy137 Cs γ-irradiation,the mRNA and protein expression levels of RANKL and OPG of osteoblast precursor and osteoblast were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot.Results The expressions of RANKL mRNA (t=5.41,P＜0.05)and protein(t=68.37,P＜0.01)were up-regulated after 4 Gy irradiation,while the expressions of OPG mRNA(t=5.20,7.02,P＜0.05)and protein(t=7.78,9.45,P＜0.05)were down-regulated after 2 and 4 Gy irradiation.Conclusions 2 and 4 Gy ionizing radiation alters RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway in osteoblasts,which may promote the osteoclast differentiation and maturation and hence promote bone resorption of osteoclasts.

Objective To study the feasibility of a novel probe 99Tcm-HYNIC-2(poly-(ethylene glycol),PEG) 4-Dimer (Dimer:E-[c (RGDfK) 2]) as a potential imaging agent for integrin αv β3 positive tumors,and also to observe the influence of an angiogenesis inhibitor,endostar,on the biodistribution and tumor uptake of the tracer in tumor bearing nude mice.Methods The expression of integrin αv β3 in human glioma cells U87MG was determined with immunofluorescence staining before and after treatment with endostar.99Tcm-HYNIC-2PEG4-Dimer was prepared and administered in U87MG tumor bearing mice in 6 h after either administration of endostar (200 μl) or saline (control group) and then biodistribution study was performed.Other 16 mice were divided into endostar treated group (20 mg/kg) and control group (saline) and then gamma imaging was performed in the two groups.Statistical significance of differences between the two groups was assessed using two-sample t test.Results Radiochemical purity of 99Tcm-HYNIC-2PEG4-Dimer was exceeded 95％.The expression of integrin αvβ3 in U87MG cell was high and gradually decreased after treatment with endostar.There was a negative dose-effect relationship between the dose of endostar and the expression of integrin αvβ3 with the peak effect at the dose of 400 μg/ml.The distribution study in vivo showed that the tracer uptake of U87MG tumors was high,but it decreased after injection of endostar.At 90 min,the ％ID/g of endostar and control groups were 1.50±0.08 and 6.27±0.33,respectively (t =40.23,P＜0.05).The average T/NT ratios of 99Tcm-HYNIC-2PEG4-Dimer uptake in the endostar and control groups were 1.02±0.11 and 2.58±0.36,respectively (t =10.25,P＜0.05).The integrin αv β3 positive expression ratios of tumor in endostar and control groups were (33.1 ±2.7) ％ and (81.5±3.2) ％,respectively (t =32.60,P＜0.05).Conclusions The novel probe 99Tcm-HYNIC-2PEG4-Dimer may be a promising radiotracer for integrin αvβ3-positive tumor imaging.It may be used for monitoring the therapeutic effect of endostar and may be potentially used for screening the candidates of anti-angiogenesis therapy.

Objective To summarize the techniques of anatomical liver resection for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods The clinical data of 125 patients with solitary HCC who underwent anatomical liver resection at the Zhongshan Hospital from January 2005 to December 2006 were retrospectively analysed.The inflow and outflow of hepatic segments to be resected were selectively clamped,then the main branches of portal vein and hepatic artery were ligated,and the ischemic hepatic segments were resected en bloc.Kelly forceps were used to crash and clamp the liver cut surface.The stumps of left and right hepatic ducts were continuously sutured with Prolene sutures.For tumors with the size above 10 cm in diameter,hepatectomy with anterior approach and liver hanging maneuver were adopted.Bile leakage was checked by injecting methylene blue or covering a gauze on the liver cut surface.Results The mean blood loss of all patients was 250 ml(100-6000 ml),and 32 of them needed blood transfusion.The morbidity was 23%(29/125).No patient died within 30 days after the operation,and 6%(5/83)of patients were found with residual tumor by postoperative arteriography.Conclusion Anatomical liver resection may improve the safety of operation,prevent the injury of great vessels and thus improve the efficacy.

Objective To investigate the effects of preventive chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exceeding Milan criteria after liver transplantation. Methods The clinical data of 243 patients who had undergone orthotopic liver transplantation for HCC exceeding Milan criteria from April 2001 to July 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. Of all patients, 162 received preventive chemotherapy after transplantation. Results The 1- and 3-year survival rates and disease-free survival rates were not statistically different between patients who had received chemotherapy (78.5%, 63.7% ; 76.8%, 52.5% ) and those without chemotherapy (56.6%, 39.1%; 69.3%, 64.7% ) (X2 = 3.084, 0.444, P > 0.05). Cox regression analysis demonstrated that postoperative chemotherapy was not an independent factor affecting the survival rates of HCC patients without vascular invasion, but an independent factor affecting the survival rates of HCC patients with vascular invasion. Conclusions Early preventive chemotherapy could obviously increase the survival rate and delay the tumor recurrence of patients with HCC exceeding Milan criteria, especially for HCC patients with vascular invasion.

In this study, efforts were made to screen out the drug concentration of Sijunzi decoction (red ginseng) for in vitro intervention of H9c2 cardiomyocytes, select high, medium and low groups for subsequent experiments, establish the H2O2-induced myocardial cell apoptosis to investigate the protective effect of Sijunzi decoction (white/red ginseng), provide reference ginseng ingredients in Sijunzi decoction used to treat ischemic heart disease and reflect its curative effect, and observe its impacts on SOD, MAD, LDH and other indexes to preliminarily define the action mechanism. According to the results, red ginseng in Sijunzi decoction showed a better protective effect on H2O2-induced myocardial cell injury than that of white ginseng. Both of them could enhance SOD activity and reduce MDA production and LDH release, so as to significantly reduce the amount of apoptotic myocardial cells and play protective role.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; toxicity ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; drug effects ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Panax ; chemistry ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology

Objective To study the damage to striatum in patients perorally addicted to compound codeine phosphate solution by using the brain dopamine transporter SPECT imaging. Methods Patients p erorally addicted to compound codeine phosphate solution ( n = 29 ) and addicted to heroin ( n = 27 ), as well as healthy volunteers (n = 31 ) were included in the study. Each of them underwent dopamine transporter (DAT) SPECT imaging with 99Tcm-2β-[N, N'-bis-( 2- mercaptoethyl ) ethylenediamino] methyl, 3β-(4-chlorophenyl)tropane (99Tcm-TRODAT-1). The striatum volume (V, cm3), mass (m, g) and radiactivity ratio (Ra) of striatum to whole brain were calculated using physio-mathematical modeling method.R esults Bilateral striatum of healthy volunteers showed typical "panda eyes" pattern and the distribution of DAT was uniform and symmetrical. Bilateral striatum of patients addicted to compound codeine phosphate showed impaired tracer uptake, similar to those addicted to heroin. The V, m and Ra of bilateral striatum of patients addicted to compound codeine phosphate were (23.68 ±4.94) cm3, (24.87 ±5.19) g and (5.01 ±0. 88 ) %, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of healthy controls: ( 35.39 ± 4.42 ) cm3,(37.16 ±4.64) g and (7.93 ±0.86)% (t = -9.69, -9.69, - 13.01, all P =0.000), but significantly higher than those addicted to heroin: ( 18.87 ± 4.66 ) cm3, ( 19.81 ± 4.90 ) g and (4.26 ± 1.02 ) % ( t =3.74, 3.74, 2.96, P = 0.000, 0.000, 0.005 ). Conclusion Long-term peroral intake of compound codeine phosphate solution may damage the function of cerebral striatum, which is someway similar to though less severe than, the impairment caused by heroin.

Complete resection of liver cancer is the main approach for achieving radical resection,and sufficient remnant liver is essential for avoiding hepatic failure after operation.With the aim of increasing remnant liver volume,a new two-stage technique,associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS),recently has been developed.In this article,the initial experience with 1 case of hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent ALPPS at the Zhongshan Hospital in April 2013 was reported.In the first stage,the right portal vein branch was ligated and subsequently the liver parenchyma was dissected along the falciform ligament to isolate the segment Ⅳ and the left lateral lobe.On postoperative day 7,the remnant liver volume was increased from 291 ml to 579 ml,and on postoperative day 8,the second stage operation was performed.During the second stage,the extended right lobe was removed.ALPPS induces a great and fast hypertrophy of the remnant liver,and R0 resection could be performed on patients which was considered unresectable because of small remnant liver volume,without severe postoperative liver failure and has a low mortality.

Objective To study the risk factors of post-hepatectomy hepatic decompensation (PHD) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodWe reviewed 562 patients with Child-Pugh A classification,who underwent partial hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma at Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University between July 1st 2007 to December 31st 2007,to study the risk factors of hepatic decompensation.ResultsPreoperative high total bilirubin (TB) and low prealbumin (PA) were independent risk factors of PHD by logistic multivariate analysis ROC analysis revealed the cut-offs of preoperative PA predicting PHD were 0.14 g/L (sensitivity 41.4％; specificity 83.1％).The incidence of PHD was 16.0％ when TB≥20.4 μmol/L and PA＜0.14 g/L(OR=7.276,P=0.002).ConclusionThe Child-Pugh A patients recovered well when the preoperative liver function was as follows:TB＜20.4 μmol/L and PA≥0.14 g/L.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors of primary clear cell carcinoma of the liver(PCCCL). Methods A total of 214 PCCCL patients treated by curative resection from January 1996 to March 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. Results The 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates for PCCCL patients were significantly better than those of non-clear cell hepatocellular carcinoma ( NHCC ) patients ( 90.2％,70.6％,and 55.9％ vs 82.8％,62.7％ and 47.7％,P =0.001 ).Tumor size was significantly smaller in PCCCL group than in NHCC group ( x2 =4.37,P =0.04 ).Tumors of PCCCL group had a lower incidence of vascular invasion ( x2 =9.42,P =0.002) and a better differentiation than those of NHCC group ( x2 =4.30,P =0.04).Serum a-fetoprotein (AFP) level,tumor size,liver cirrhosis,and vascular invasion were independent risk factors impacting OS and disease-free survival (DFS) of PCCCL. Conclusions PCCCL is an uncommon subtype of HCC and has different clinicopathologic characteristics from NHCC. Complete surgical resection is the optimal treatment for PCCCL and its prognosis is much better than that of NHCC.