Objective To investigate the infection prevention effect of prophylactic use of antibiotics for cancer inpatients with leukocyte count ≤ 1 × 109/L.Then to provide the basis for rational use of antibiotics.Methods It was retrospectively surveyed that the infection situation and prophylactic usage of antibiotics in the 426 cancer inpatients with leukocyte count ≤ 1 × 109/L caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Results In the 426 inpatients,the infection rates of patients with and without prophylactic use of antibiotics were 11.0％ and 20.9％ respectively.The difference was statistically significant (x2 =6.815,P =0.009).The leukocyte count median values of patients with and without infection were 0.73 × 109/L and 0.77 × 109/L respectively.The difference had no statistical significance(Z =-1.257,P =0.209).The main infection sites were lower respiratory tract,upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract with infection rates of 48％,12％ and 11％,respectively.The top five pathogens were Klebsiella pneumonia,Enterobacter cloacae,Escherichia coli,Enterobacter aerogenes and Staphylococcus aureus.The most use of antibiotics were cephalosporin.Conclusion When the leukocyte counts of cancer inpatients are less than or equal to 1 × 109/L induced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy,reasonable prophylactic use of antibiotics can reduce hospital infection rates.

OBJECTIVE To understand the pathogenicity of Staphylococcus epidermidis causing urinary tract infection. METHODS Thirty five isolates were collected in the patients with urinary tract infection during 2003-2004 to test the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) to erythromycin,ampicillin,cefoxitin,ceftriaxone,teicoplanin,ciprofloxacin,tetracycline,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and vancomycin.The genes of ermA,ermB,ermC,msrA,mecA,and icaA were amplified by PCR.The biofilm producing of the isolates was determined by the quantitative method.The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE) was used to discriminate the homology among the isolates. RESULTS Among the isolates,MRSE accounted for 71.4%.The antibiotic susceptibility to erythromycin,ampicillin,ceftriaxone,ciprofloxacin,tetracycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were 22.8%,6.34%,34.9%,26.9%,44.4% and 62.2%,respectively,whereas to teicoplanin and vancomycin were 99.2% and 100%.All the isolates resistant to cefoxitin carried mecA.ermC Was the predominant determinant among the erythromycin resistant isolates.Among the 14 icaA positive isolates,10 isolates were biofilm producing.All the isolates were classified into 18 types by PFGE. CONCLUSIONS The high and multiple antibiotic resistance of S.epidermidis isolates causing urinary tract infection were shown.The detection of icaA gene in clinical S.epidermidis isolates was a signal of their pathogenicity.

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a common cause of spinal cord dysfunction clinical disease. Surgery is the main therapeutic tool for CSM. However, there are obvious differences in clinical functional recovery after operation. For the past few years, the influence factors of prognosis in cervical spondylosis myelopathic has been widely concerned. Age, nerve function, course of desease, imaging findings,surgical method and related factors became the investigative point for prognosis of cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Present viewpoint showed that the older patient, preoperative worse nerve function, longer the course of disease would result in worse outcomes. Imaging examination maybe can indicate the prognosis, but the correlation is unclear. Selection of surgical method and approach should be based on the principles of sufficient decompression, stabilize the alignment of the cervical spine, keeping backward extension of cervical spine, maintain effective decompression, preventing complications. Therefore, the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy should be on the basis of pathogenic condition and imaging examination at early stage and a suitable usrgical procedure should be performed to obtain a better prognosis.
Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prognosis ; Radiography ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Spondylosis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery

Protein phosphorylation is one of the most common post-translational modifications (PTMs)in various organisms,which plays critical roles in the regulation of intracellular biological processes,such as cell prolifera-tion,signal transduction,metabolismis and tumorigenesis.However,the low abundance of phosphoprotein in the biological systems poses significant challenges of current analytical techniques.In order to further understand the phosphoproteomics,the roles of phosphorylated proteins in life process,discovery of biomarkers,diagnosis and treatment of disease,enrichment strategies of high efficiency have been developed,including the design of new nanomaterials and combination of a variety of analytical methods,et al.In this paper,we reviewed the develop-ment of enrichment strategies for phosphoproteomics and application of phosphoproteomics in disease.

Objective To study to take the oxidized Mannan?modified 786?0 in renal clear cell carcinom as tumor cells antigen to sensitize Dendrit?ic cells(DC)and to observe the its killing effect on renal clear cell carcinoma of CTLs induced. Methods Getting the peripheral blood mononucle?ar cells from the volunteers,and then to be stimulated to turn to be maturation by GM?CSF and IL?4 in vitro. Taking the clear renal carcinoma cell as the tumor antigen,and then making it to be modified by oxidized Mannan to acquire the tumor cell vaccine.Experimental groups include:blank group:DC?PBS group,control group:control?DC?786?0,experimental group:DC?Ox?Mannose?786?0 group. Taking the flow cytometry to detect the changes of DC phenotype,then taking the ELISA to detect the sencretion levels of supernatant of IL?12 of DC,then taking the CCK to detecte the cytotoxicity of lymphocytes(CTL)induced by DC of these experiment groups. Results Results by flow cytometry:the mature phenotype of DCs sensitized by Ox?Mannose?786?0 group included CD80,CD83,CD86 and HLA?DR expressed significantly higher than the other groups. As well as the secretion levels of IL?12. Meanwhile the cytotoxicity activity of lymphocytes(CTLs)induced by DCs which are sensitized by Ox?Mannose?786?0 increased more significantly than the other groups. Conclusion Glycosylated Antigens can be more effective in sensitizing antigen?presenting cells DC,and stimulating them to be maturation,while the killing effect to tumor cells also have noticeably improved.

Background:Pancreatitis is the main complication of ERCP,and a variety of risk factors will increase its risk. Studies showed that temporary pancreatic duct stent can reduce the incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). Aims:To study the efficacy and safety of prophylactic pancreatic duct stenting on preventing PEP in patients with risk factors. Methods:Patients undergone ERCP and accompanied with one or more PEP-associated risk factors from November 2013 to November 2016 at Huaibei People's Hospital were enrolled,and were divided randomly into pancreatic duct stenting group (observation group)and non-stenting group (control group). Serum levels of amylase at 4,24 and 48 hours after the procedure and incidence of PEP were compared between the two groups. Results:A total of 297 patients were enrolled, and 147 patients were in observation group,and 150 patients in control group. No significant differences in gender,age and ERCP disease spectrum were found between the two groups (P > 0. 05). Incidence of PEP was significantly decreased in observation group than in control group (6. 1％ vs. 16. 0％,P < 0. 05). Serum levels of amylase at 4,24 and 48 hours after the procedure were significantly decreased in observation group than in corresponding control group (P < 0. 05), however,no significant difference in incidence of hyperamylasemia was found between the two groups (59. 2％ vs. 54. 7％, P > 0. 05). Conclusions:Prophylactic pancreatic duct stenting may decrease the incidence of PEP in patients accompanied with PEP-associated risk factors, especially could decrease the severity of PEP. However, the incidence of hyperamylasemia is not decreased.

The prescriptions including Polygoni Multiflori Caulis that built by Pro. Yan were collected to build a database based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) inheritance assist system. The method of association rules with apriori algorithm was used to achieve frequency of single medicine, frequency of drug combinations, association rules between drugs and core drug combinations. The datamining results indicated that in the prescriptions that including Polygoni Multiflori Caulis, the highest frequency used drugs were parched Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, Ostreae Concha, Ossis Mastodi Fossilia, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma, Paeoniae Rubra Radix, and so on. The most frequent drug combinations were "Polygoni Multiflori Caulis-parched Ziziphi Spinosae Semen", "Ostreae Concha-Polygoni Multiflori Caulis", and "Polygoni Multiflori Caulis-Ossis Mastodi Fossilia". The drug association rules of confidence coefficient 1 were "Ostreae Concha-->Polygoni Multiflori Caulis", "Poria-->Polygoni Multiflori Caulis", "parched Ziziphi Spinosae Semen-->Polygoni Multiflori Caulis", and "Paeoniae Alba Radix-->Polygoni Multiflori Caulis". The core drug combinations in the treatment of insomnia were Ossis Mastodi Fossilia, Polygoni Multiflori Caulis, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Ostreae Concha, Polygalae Radix, Margaritifera Concha, Poria, and parched Ziziphi Spinosae Semen. And the core drug combinations in the treatment of obstruction of Qi in chest were Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma, Polygoni Multiflori Caulis, parched Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, Trichosanthis Fructus, Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus, and Paeoniae Rubra Radix.
Data Mining ; methods ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Polygonaceae ; chemistry ; Prescriptions

Objective:To establish a dosimetric method based on the well-chamber to verify the accuracy of the source positioning and dwelling time for the afterloading machine, aiming to provide a new method for the quality control of afterloading machine.Methods:The principle of this method was explained according to the hardware structure of the well-chamber. Then, the precision of this method was analyzed by the simulation test and data fitting. The feasibility test was also performed. And the advantages and disadvantages of this method were compared with those of the traditional method.Results:The precision of this method for detecting the source positioning was 0.07 mm and the dwelling time was 0.09 s, respectively. In the feasibility test, the standard deviation of the measure value was below 3%.Conclusions:The well-chamber method has high precision and convenient operation. It can be applied in the rapid verification of the relative accuracy of the source positioning and dwelling time of well-chamber.

OBJECTIVETo research the repair effect of transplantation of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) modified olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) combination with injecting axonal growth inhibiting protein antibody (IN-1) in vivo.

METHODSTo construct lentivirus vector with GDNF gene and infect OECs in vitro, use the immunoblotting (Western Blot) to observe the expression of GDNF was detected through Western Blot. Fifty adult female SD rats which to establish thoracic spinal cord transection injury model were randomly divided into A (control group), B (IN-1 antibody group), C (OECs group), D (GDNF-OECs group), and E (GDNF-OECs+IN-1 group) 5 groups of each 10 rats. To observe regeneration of the impaired nerve axon by NF200 immunohistochemistry, Biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) anterograde tracing corticospinal tract. Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) score was used to evaluating hindlimb motor function recovery.

RESULTSAdd up to 13 rats died post operation. OECs labeled by hoechst still survived and migrated in spinal cord 8 weeks post operation. Lots of confused and disorderly regenerated axons which crossing the injured region of spinal cord were displayed between spinal cord stumps in GDNF-OECs+IN-1 group and GDNF-OECs group; some of axons existed in OECs group, but there is no obviously continue nerve fibers crossing the injured region of spinal cord;in contrast to IN-1 and control groups, few of regenerated axons and atrophy of spinal cord stumps were observed. The results of BBB hindlimb motor rating scale were 7.70+/-0.24, 7.89+/-0.15, 10.50+/-0.25, 11.43+/-0.23 and 12.81+/-0.40 for the control group, IN-1 group, OECs group, GDNF-OECs group and the allied treatment group respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThe transplantation of GDNF-OECs combination with IN-1 antibody may benefit the survival and regeneration of the injured axons, and accelerate the repair of the injured spinal cord and functional recover of hindlimb locomotor in rats in a more efficient way than that with OECs or IN-1 alone.

Acute Disease ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; pharmacology ; Cell Transplantation ; Cells, Cultured ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Olfactory Bulb ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; therapy ; Transfection

Aim To investigate the effects of polysac-charides from Ginkgo biloba on the proliferation, apop-tosis of mouse 4T1 breast cancer cells and the possible mechanism. Methods 4T1 cells in logarithmic growth phase were treated with polysaccharides from Ginkgo biloba of different concentrations. The effect of poly-saccharides from Ginkgo biloba on inhibition of prolif-eration and cytotoxicity of 4T1 cells was determined by MTT assay and trypan blue exclusion assay respective-ly. The apoptotic effect of polysaccharides from Ginkgo biloba on 4T1 cells was detected by DAPI staining. qRT-PCR experiments were carried out for the detec-tion of gene expressions of the glucose transporter fami-ly upon the treatment with the polysaccharides from Ginkgo biloba. Results Polysaccharides from either Ginkgo biloba leaf or Ginkgo biloba exocarp significant-ly inhibited the proliferation of 4T1 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Moreover, with the increasing doses of polysaccharides, cell viability decreased, ac-companied by the increased cell cytotoxicity and apop-tosis. qRT-PCR results showed that polysaccharides from Ginkgo biloba significantly reduced glucose trans-porter 1 gene expression. Conclusions Polysaccha-rides from Ginkgo biloba can both inhibit 4T1 cell pro-liferation and induce cell apoptosis, and by regulating glucose transporter family gene expression, it interfered with cell energy metabolism, which infers that the effects of cell proliferation inhibition as well the apopto-sis induction might be due to the regulation of glucose transporter family gene expression.