Objective To investigate the association of insulin dose with clinical factors of type 2 diabetes. Methods We reviewed the data of 214 type 2 diabetic patients who received insulin regimens.We compared the insulin dose and period at the targeted blood glucose levels among 6 groups according to different type of oral hypoglycemic agents. Results There existed statistically significant correlations of the glucose-targeted insulin dose with course,FPG,BMI,combination therapy with oral hypoglycemic agent(P<0.1,test level P=0.1).Merely metformin failure group took less insulin than the group admitted due to combination therapy failure (P=0.016, 0.53(0.35～0.62)U/kg and 0.63(0.51～0.75)U/kg respectively).The longest targeted period existed in the later. Relationship between the targeted bedtime insulin NPH dose and FPG level can be demonstrated by equation Y=0.255X+7.8. Conclusions The targeted insulin dose is influenced by synthetic factors. Patients admitted due to combination oral hypoglycemic drug failure have the maximal targeted insulin dose and the longest titration period. The final bedtime insulinNPH dose can be predicted by FPG level.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of primary hepatic malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) by ultrasound. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data and ultrasonic findings was performed on 16 patients with pathologically proven hepatic MFH from July 2005 to August 2012 in Eastern Hepatobilary Surgery Hospital of the Second Military Medical University. Results Of the 16 patients, all the tumors were single, which including 9 tumors located in the right lobe, 6 tumors located in the left lobe, and 1 tumor located in caudate lobe of the liver. The tumor sizes were larger than 10.0 cm in 3 cases, between 5.0 cm and 10.0 cm in 10 cases, and less than 5.0 cm in 3 cases. Tumor internal echo was heterogeneous, including 1 case with honeycomb pattern and 2 cases with mosaic sign. Most tumors were unclearly-deifned (11 cases) without obvious halo. The pathologic results identiifed 15 cases of primary hepatic MFH and 1 case of primary intrahepatic bile duct malignant ifbrous histiocytoma. Conclusions It is dififcult to make correct clinical diagnosis of hepatic MFH. A comprehensive analysis of ultrasound ifndings and clinical information is needed to obtain an accurat diagnosis of malignant liver tumors.

Objective　To study the value of B type ultrasonography guiding percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (PRFA) for hepatic cancer (HC). Methods　70 patients with primary or metastatic hepatic malignancies were treated by PRFA under ultrasound guidance through LeVeen multipolar array needle electrode and RF 2000. All patients were followed up by turnor marker, B type sounography and MRI monthly. Results　PRFA were performed in 53 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 17 cases with metastatic liver cancer. Liver function classfication was 53 cases in Child class A, 15 in class B and 2 in class C. In 21 patients with non-operated small HCC (≤5 cm), 12 of 17 patients with AFP positive were decreased to normal (70.6%) and decreased markedly in 4 (23.5%), and MRI showed the treated tumors were completely necrosis in 16 patients (76.2%). The 3, 6 month survival rates were 90.5%, 100% respectively in small HC groups, and 66.7% to 72.7% and 27.6% to 72.7% in large HC groups.Conclusions　PRFA as a local thermal therapy is becoming a kind of new palliative treatment for hepatic malignancies, which not only is safe, minimally invasive, and effective for small ones; but also can be used with combination of TACE for larger ones.

OBJECTIVETo study the possible mechanisms of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNP) pain.

METHODSCNP models were established in male Wistar rats by the autoimmune method. Then the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was detected using the Von Frey filament, prostate pathological examination was conducted, the expressions of substance P (SP) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in the prostate tissue and L5-S2 spinal segments were determined by immunohistochemistry and their correlations were analyzed.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the CNP model rats showed markedly decreased PWT (P < 0.05) and obvious inflammation in the prostate tissue, with significant differences in the scope of lesion and interstitial lymphocyte infiltration (P < 0.05). The expressions of SP and TRPV1 in the prostate and spinal cord dorsal horn L5-S2 were remarkably upregulated in the models as compared with the control rats (P < 0.05). However, the expression of SP in the prostate was not correlated with that in the spinal cord (r = 0.099, P = 0.338), nor was that of TRPV1 (r = 0.000, P = 0.5).

CONCLUSIONSP and TRPV1 were involved in the formation and persistence of pain in CNP rats through their upregulated expressions in the L5-S2 spinal segments.

Animals ; Lumbosacral Region ; Male ; Neuralgia ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Pain ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Prostate ; metabolism ; Prostatitis ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism ; Substance P ; metabolism ; TRPV Cation Channels ; metabolism

Animals ; Bone Regeneration ; physiology ; Cell Differentiation ; Dental Enamel Proteins ; pharmacology ; Dental Pulp ; cytology ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Gingiva ; cytology ; Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal ; methods ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ; cytology ; physiology ; Mouth Mucosa ; cytology ; Periodontal Ligament ; cytology ; Tissue Engineering ; methods

OBJECTIVETo explore the possible pain mechanism of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).

METHODSThe models of CP/CPPS were established in male Wistar rats by the autoimmune method. The paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was detected using Von Frey filament. The expressions of the substance P and c-fos in the prostate and spinal L5-S2 segments were determined by immunohistochemistry followed by analysis of their correlation with CP/CPPS.

RESULTSCompared with the control rats, the CP/CPPS models showed significantly decreased PWT (P < 0.05), remarkable prostatic inflammation, enlarged scope of lesions, and obvious interstitial lymphocytic infiltration (P < 0.05). Both the expressions of substance P and c-fos were markedly elevated in the prostate and spinal dorsal horn (L5-S2) of the rat models (P < 0.05), but the expression of substance P in the prostate exhibited no correlation with that in the spinal cord (r = 0.099, P = 0.338), nor did that of c-fos (r = 0.027, P = 0.454).

CONCLUSIONThe upregulated expressions of substance P and c-fos in the spinal cord L5-S2 sections may be associated with the pain mechanism of CP/CPPS.

Animals ; Chronic Disease ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Pelvic Pain ; etiology ; metabolism ; Prostate ; metabolism ; Prostatitis ; complications ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism ; Substance P ; metabolism ; Syndrome ; Up-Regulation

Objective　To investigate the prognosis in risk of ventricular arrhythmia in coronary heart disease with heart rate variability (H RV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and other clinical background dat a. Methods　A total of 81 patients were divided into ventricular premature beats (VPBs)≥30/h group and VPBs<30/h group. Their LVEF, HRV and cli nical data were studied and analyzed. Results　The age and blood pressure between 2 groups had no significant difference. LVEF, standard deviati on of all normal RR intervals (SDNN), SD of the average of NN interval (SDANN) a nd HRV triangular index (HRVI) were significant less in VPBs≥30/h group than in VPBs<30/h group (43.29±15.38 vs 67.33±11.47，P＜0.01；90.05±22.2 9 vs 117.90±30.32，P＜0.05；77.43±17.78 vs 105.69±28.79，P＜0.05 ；24.54±8.70 vs 32.70±10.87，P＜0.05, respectively). Incidence of myo cardial infarction (MI) was larger in VPBs≥30/h group than VPBs<30/h group. LVE F was the independent predictable factor in risk of ventricular arrhythmia with multinomial regression logistic analysis（B=0.119, P=0.032）. Co nclusion 　Our findings indicate that LVEF is an independent predictable factor i n risk of ventricular arrhythmia in coronary heart disease. Although HRV and MI history can not be used to predict VPB, significant difference is found between 2 groups. High-risk patients could be selected successfully when these data are considered in combination.

OBJECTIVE: To study the risk factors for severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) complicated by pancreatic encephalopathy (PE). METHODS: Clinical data from 255 patients with SAP from January 2005 to December 2006 were reviewed. Thirty-one SAP patients had PE, and 224 SAP patients did not. Clinical characteristics of SAP patients in both PE group and non-PE group were analyzed. RESULTS: Ranson scale and the incidence rates of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), renal failure, hypoproteinemia, hypocalcemia and hyperglycosemia in PE group were higher than those in non-PE group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II and CT severity index scales, the activities of amylase and lipase, the incidence rate of liver function failure, the infection rate and the operability between the PE group and the non-PE group (P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ARDS and hyperglycosemia were high risk factors. Cure rate in PE group was higher than that in non-PE group. CONCLUSION: Nosogenesis of PE is the result of multiple factors. ARDS and hyperglycosemia may be the high risk factors for PE.

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) refers to primary non-traumatic parenchymal hemorrhage.Its mortality and disability are extremely high.A simple and easy clinical grading scale for ICH can not only evaluate the prognosis of patients,but also has an important guiding significance for clinical treatment and clinical research.This article reviews the contents of major intracerebral hemorrhage scales,external validation,advantages and disadvantages,and explains its scope of application and clinical application.

Discipline development is the core power of hospital development,which is highly emphasized by Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals.To meet the demands of public hospitals reform and requirements of municipal hospitals development,performance evaluation is used as a tool for municipal hospitals in their fine management.This paper introduced the research performance evaluation system and index design of Beijing’s municipal hospitals,with a summary and analysis the operating and practices.