Tinnitus is a common clinical disorder, which may generate trom a lot of causes, including otological disease and other systemic diseases associated with tinnitus or some factors such as insomnia and emotional cognition. Some studies have found that mood is associated with the occurrence and development of tinnitus and that psychological factors play a role in the occurrence and development of tinnitus in the tinnitus patients with mood disorders. At the same time, the psychological distress and emotional problems caused by tinnitus have drawn more and more attention of clinicians. Based on this, the cognitive theory of emotion can be helpful for evaluating tinnitus, and patients with severe tinnitus can be relieved by biofeedback information in tinnitus management. This article will analyze literature in these disciplines.
Cognition ; Emotions ; Humans ; Psychological Theory ; Tinnitus ; psychology ; therapy

Humans ; Vertigo

Anthropometry ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Postural Balance ; Vision, Ocular ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the effects of combined induction therapy of interferon(IFN) and chemotherapy on survival of the patients with small cell lung cancer(SCLC)by meta-analysis.Methods Search all of clinical trials for addition of IFN to initial chemotherapy and single chemotherapy for induction therapy in SCLC patients in MEDLINE、EMBASE and COCHRANE Library.The references of related studies and education books of ASCO and ESMO meeting were handsearched.The quality of included trials was evaluated.Data were extracted by two reviewers independently with a designed extraction form.Revman 4.2.7 software was used for data analysis.Results The addition of IFN increased 1-year survival and response rate,but both of the results had no significant statistical difference.Conclusion IFN-chemotherapy induction treatment might not influence survival and response rate of patients with NSCLC.To resolve the problem,a series of controlled,prospective,randomized,double-blind,well-designed,multi-center trials should be performed.

Objective To observe and analyze the long-term curative effects and complications for early stage thoracic esophageal cancer patients treated with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and 252Cf neutron brachytherapy (NBT).Methods From May 2002 to May 2012,26 patients with early stage squamous cell carcinoma who underwent EBRT and 252Cf NBT were respectively analyzed.Patients were treated 5 days per week at 2 Gy/day for a total dose of 50 Gy with EBRT.The total radiation dose to the reference point was 12-16 Gy-eq in 3-4 fractions with 4 Gy-eq/fraction with 252Cf NBT.The 1-,3-and 5-year follow-up rates were all 100 ％.Results The 1-,3-and 5-year survival rates were 95.5 ％,95.5 ％ and 83.5 ％,respectively.The early complication rates for grades 1 and 2 radiation esophagitis were 76.9 ％ (20/26) and 23.1％ (6/26),respectively.The late complication rates for grades 0 and 1 (according to the RTOG/EORTC standard) were 84.6 ％ (22/26) and 15.4 ％ (4/26),respectively.Barium esophagography after treatments confirmed that the complete response rate was 100 ％.Twenty-two patients were confirmed by endoscopy to have either normal mucosa or inflammation change.Conclusion EBRT combined with 252Cf NBT is an effective and safe treatment for early stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

AIM:This paper described a HPLC method.Paeoniflorin and puerarin in Rg soft-exact(Radix Puerariae lobatae,Redix Paeoniae alba,etc.) were simultaneously determined.METHODS:A simplified HPLC procedure was developed.A 4.6 mm?250 mm Alltima C_(18) column with a mobile phase consisting of NaH_2PO_4(20 Mm,pH 2.4)-Acetonitrile:Tetrahydrofuran(900:120:5) was used.The flow rate was 1.00 mL/min.It was detected at 320 nm.RESULTS:Paeoniflorin and puerarin were well separated.The average recoveries of paeoniflorin and puerarin were 98.10% and 101.2% respectively.CONCLUSION:The result shows that this method is convenient,rapid and accurate.

Humans ; Vertigo ; therapy

Objective To compare the effect of enteral nutrition by jejunum colostomy nutrition infusion pump of patients after Whipple surgery as well as reduce adverse reactions in patients.Methods Sixty-five cases with the implementation of Whipple and jejunum of colostomy were selected as our subjects,who were hospitalized in the Affiliated hospital of Hebei United University from Feb.2009 to Nov.2013.All patients were divided into observation group (33 cases) and control group (32 cases) according to the methods of nutrient input.Patients in observation group were given nutrition infusion pump pumping (15 to 50 ml/h) ;and patients in control group were adopted disposable infusion connection infusion with the speed of 30 drops/min with the thermostat heating temperature and the water pipe.The blood glucose,serum albumin,blood electrolyte concentration of postoperative,and the adverse reactions during input nutrient solution including vomiting,abdominal distention,diarrhea and other adverse circumstance were recorded.Results At 1st,3rd,5th day,there was no statistically significant difference in terms of the levels of glucose,blood albumin,blood C1,Na +,K + between two groups(blood glucose:F inner grouP =3.01,P ＞ 0.05 ; F between group =2.90,P ＞ 0.05 ; F cross group =2.87,P ＞ 0.05 ; serum albumin:F inner group =2.94,P ＞ 0.05 ; F between group =2.89,P ＞ 0.05 ; F cross group =2.76,P ＞ 0.05 ; blood Cl:F inner group =1.78,P ＞ 0.05 ; F between group =1.96,P ＞ 0.05 ; F cross group =1.88,P ＞ 0.05 ; blood Na +:F inner group =1.06,P ＞ 0.05 ; F between group =1.35,P ＞ 0.05 ; F cross group =1.27,P ＞ 0.05 ; blood K +:F inner group =3.12,P ＞ 0.05 ; F between group =3.04,P ＞ 0.05 ; F cross group =2.93,P ＞ 0.05).There were significant differences regarding of the rate of vomiting,abdominal distention,diarrhea and other adverse conditions compared with the infusion enteral nutrition has good clinical effect,postoperative blood (x2 =4.029,4.381,4.905 respectively; P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The methods of colostomy enteral nutrition with infusion pump after Whipple surgery is proved to be with the better clinical effect in reducing postoperative vomiting,abdominal distention,diarrhea and other adverse conditions compared with the infusion enteral nutrition,and there are no significant difference in the terms of the levels of glucose,blood albumin,blood Cl,Na +,K +.

Objective To compare and analyze the clinical effects of different local anesthetics on continuous epidural anesthesia for percutaneous enucleation of nucleus pulposus. Methods A total of 40 patients underwent lumbar intervertebral discoscopy (PTED) from November 2015 to November 2016, according to the choice of anesthesia is divided into group A and group B, 20 cases in each group. Group A used 0.5％lidocaine local anesthesia, group B treated with continuous epidural anesthesia (1 ％ lidocaine 3 mL+0.5％ ropivacaine).Analysis of two groups before operation, the curative effect, VAS score, modified Bromage score, intraoperative pain perception includes four criteria, namely, mild, moderate and severe, the former two satisfactory anesthetic effect; the latter two are not satisfied with the anesthesia. Results Two cases without postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred, nerve root injury and other complications; two groups of patients with pain satisfaction difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); compared with group A, the levels of HR and MAP in group B were more stable (P<0.05). Conclusion Continuous epidural anesthesia is more suitable for PTED than local anesthesia. It can reduce the pain and the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents in patients, and does not affect the patients' lower limb movement score.

Objective:To compare the contents of polysaccharide and protein in male and female Trichosanthis Radix to provide reasonable explanation for that male plant was better. Methods:Polysaccharides in Trichosanthis Radix were obtained by water-extrac-tion and ethanol-precipitation method, and the content was determined by anthrone-sulfuric acid method. Tichosanthin ( TCS) was ob-tained by hydrochloric acid extraction and acetone precipitation. Based on the light absorption of Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 com-bined with proteins, the content of TCS was detected. Results: The polysaccharides content in male and female Trichosanthis Radix was 2. 628% and 3. 237%, TCS content was 0. 193% and 0. 280%, respectively. Conclusion: The contents of polysaccharides and TCS in male plant are higher than those in female plant. The male plant is a better source for Trichosanthis Radix.