Objective To investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on T-lymphocyte subpopulations in rats with acute pancreatitis. Methods 56 rats were randomly divided into three groups the sham group ( n = 8 ),control group( n = 24) and hyperbaric oxygen therapy group( treatment group, n = 24), then the control group and treatment groups were divided into three subgroups of 8 rats each undergoing euthanasia on days 1,3,7 after the acute pancreatitis induction. The CD4+ ,CD8+ subpopulations of T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood were detected respectively at the fist day and each day of the euthanasia. The sham group was used to make sure that the model was successfully induced. After euthanasia the pancrea was examined using electron microscopy. Results In the control group, the CD4+ cells in AP rats was significantly decreased and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ also decreased. After 7days of HBO therapy,compared with the control group, the CD4+ lymphocytes of peripheral blood in the treatment group markedly increased( P ＜0.01 ). The CD8+ lymphocytes also increased to a certain extent. And the CD4+/CD8+ ratio of peripheral blood was obviously increased(P ＜0. 01 ). Also more severe pathological changes appeared in the untreated group than in the treatment group. Conclusion Hyperbaric oxygen therapy could improve the oxygen supply in acute panereatitis, regulate T cell immune function.

DNA Repair ; genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Endonucleases ; genetics ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Nuclear Proteins ; genetics ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; therapeutic use ; Platinum Compounds ; therapeutic use ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Transcription Factors ; genetics ; X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1 ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group D Protein ; genetics

Objective To observe the effects of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride on the cisatracurium-induced neuromuscular blockade in geriatric, young and middle-aged patients. Methods Forty elderly patients and forty young and middle-aged patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n=20 each):elderly dexmedetomidine hydrochloride group (group DE),elderly control group (group CE),young and middle-aged dexmedetomidine group (group DY) and young and middle-aged control group (group CY).In groups DE and DY,a loading dose of 0.5 μg?kg-1 dexmedetomidine was intravenously infused over 10 min before induction of anesthesia,respectively,followed by infusion at a rate of 0.4μg?kg-1?h-1 until the end of surgery.Equal volume of 0.9% sodium chloride was given in groups CE and CY.Anesthesia was induced with midazolam,fentanyl,propofol and cisatracurium 0.15 mg?kg-1.Four groups were maintained with infusion of propofol and remifentanil. Neuromuscular blockade was maintained with continuous cisatracurium infusion in the four groups and was monitored with TOF-Watch SX acceleromyography at the adductor pollicis.The onset time,TOF no reaction period,duration of action,the amount of cisatracurium consumption,and the spontaneous recovery index ( T1 25% to 75%) were recorded. Results The four groups were comparable in the demographic data.Intubation conditions,the onset time and recovery index were not significantly different among the four groups. The duration of blockade action in groups DE and DY was ( 61. 1 ± 8.9) min and (53.6±9.3) min,which was significantly longer than that in group CE [(49.9±5.8) min] and group CY [(44.8± 6.4) min] (P<0.01).The duration of blockade action was significantly longer in groups DE and CE than in groups DY and CY (P<0.05).The amount of cisatracurium consumption in groups CE and CY was significantly higher than that in groups DE and DY (P<0.05). Conclusion The neuromuscular blockade is longer and the requirement of cisatracurium is less in elderly patients than in young and middle-aged patients.Continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride can't accelerate the onset time of cisatracurium.But duration of action is prolonged and the amount of cisatracurium consumption is lower in patients with infusion of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the quality standard of Vitamin C yinqiao tablet,and to provide a theoretical basis for im-proving the standards and quality of medicines. METHODS:HPLC in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2010 edition)was conducted to de-termine the content of chlorogenic acid,arctiin,vitamin C,acetaminophen,chlorphenamine maleate in Vitamin C yinqiao tablet from multiple manufacturers. RESULTS:There were big differences of the 5 components in Vitamin C yinqiao tablet among differ-ent manufacturers. CONCLUSIONS:The content determination method for Vitamin C yinqiao tablet contained in Chinese Pharmaco-poeia remains to be further improved;and the manufacturers should pay attention to the process of production and quality of tradi-tional Chinese medicinal materials of the preparation.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of stimulating “Zhiyang” (DU 9) with electric acupuncture apparatus on contents of cAMP and cGMP in plasma of experimental acute myocardial ischemic rabbits.Methods40 rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: the normal control group (A), model group (B), model plus electric acupuncture on “Neiguan” (P 6) group (C) and model plus electric acupuncture on DU 9 group (D). The acute myocardial ischemic model was established by pituitrin (2 U/kg) injected into the vein of rabbit. Electrocardiogram (ECG) of Ⅱ leads was observed and contents of cAMP and cGMP in plasma were tested after electric acupuncture by radio immunoassay.ResultsThe cAMP contents of the group C and group D were lower than that of the group B significantly ( P<0.01), but not different from that of the group A ( P>0.05), and there was no difference between the group C and group D. The contents of cGMP were not different among four groups ( P>0.05).ConclusionPuncturing DU 9 can raise the myocardial endurance to the insufficiency of blood and oxygen. The effects of electric acupuncture on DU 9 and P 6 are the same.

Objective To study the serum levels of melatonin,tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and the correlation with disability.Methods Forty patients with multiple sclerosis were collected as MS group and 30 healthy participants were collected as control group.Serum levels of melatonin and cytokines,including IFN-γ and TNF-,were detected in all participants by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method;disability status of patients with MS was evaluated by EDSS scale.The relevant analysis between serum melatonin,TNF-α,IFN-γ levels and EDSS score in patients with MS was conducted.Results The concentration of serum melatonin in MS group was significantly lower than control group (P＜0.01).TNF-α levels were higher than control group (P＜0.05) and the difference was statistically significant between MS patients and control group.Among MS group and control group,no significant correlation with the serum levels of IFN-γ was seen.The serum melatonin level was inversely correlated with EDSS score in MS patients (r =-0.76,P＜0.01),and positively correlated with TNF-α (r =0.83,P＜0.01) and as compared to IFN-γ,no significant correlation was found (r =0.17,P＞0.05).Conclusion The decrease of melatonin and increase of TNF-α can be a factor in the inflammatory reaction in patients with MS,and is closely related with dysfunction occurring in multiple sclerosis.Serum melatonin and TNF-α can be used as laboratory indicators to monitor clinical curative effect and evaluate prognosis of MS.

Objective:To observe the effects of warming needle therapy combined with the modified Hua Tan Tong Luo Tang(decoction for dissipating phlegm and unblocking collaterals)on post-stroke cognitive impairment due to obstruction of wind-phlegm. Methods:A total of 78 patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to an observation group and a control group,with 39 patients in each group.Both groups received conventional treatment.The control group was additionally treated with the modified Hua Tan Tong Luo Tang,while the observation group received warming needle therapy in addition to the treatment given to the control group.Scores on the mini-mental state examination(MMSE),Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA),and activities of daily living(ADL)were assessed before and after treatment.Adverse reactions and clinical efficacy were analyzed and compared between the two groups after treatment. Results:The total effective rate was 82.1%in the observation group and 61.5%in the control group,showing statistical significance between the two groups(P<0.05).After treatment,the MMSE,MoCA,and ADL scores of both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment within each group(P<0.05).Notably,the scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).No adverse reactions occurred in either group during the treatment period. Conclusion:Based on the conventional treatment,compared to modified Hua Tan Tong Luo Tang alone,warming needle therapy combined with the modified Hua Tan Tong Luo Tang showed superior clinical efficacy in treating post-stroke cognitive impairment due to obstruction of wind-phlegm,and this combined therapy also showed high safety.

BACKGROUND:Tranexamic acid has been more and more used in reducing bleeding after joint replacement, but its usage method and dosage remain controversial, and become a hot focus in recent years. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of intravenous drip combined with intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid on postoperative hidden blood loss in patients who received primary total hip arthroplasty. METHODS:Clinical data of 65 patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty were randomized to the test group and the control group. The patients in the test group received 0.5 g tranexamic acid through intravenous drip when the surgery starts and 0.5 g tranexamic acid inside hip joint through a drainage tube after capsule closure, and retaining for 6 hours. The patients in the control group intravenously received the same volume of physiological saline, and 50 mL physiological saline through a drainage tube after suture, and retaining for 6 hours. We compared with intraoperative blood loss, postoperative dominant blood loss and hidden blood loss, pain score, blood transfusion rate, deep vein thrombosis and day of hospitalization in both groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Hemoglobin and hematocrit were higher in the test group than in the control group after replacement (P < 0.05). The volumes of dominant blood loss and hidden blood loss were lower in the test group than in the control group after replacement (P < 0.05). Blood transfusion rate and day of hospitalization were less in the test group than in the control group (P < 0.05). No significant difference in intraoperative blood loss, pain score and incidence of deep vein thrombosis was detectable between the two groups (P > 0.05). These results indicate that the intravenous drip combined intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid in patients receiving total hip arthroplasty could reduce the amounts of postoperative dominant and hidden blood loss and blood transfusion rate, and did not increase the incidence of deep vein thrombosis.

Objective To assess the diagnostic value of magnetic source imaging(MSI) in the preoperative localization of focal cortical dysplasia(FCD). Methods Eighty-two patients with intractable epilepsy resulting from FCD undergone preoperative assessment including MSI, video electroencephalography(VEEG) and electrocorticography(ECoG)from February 2006 to June 2012.The consistency between pre- and intra-surgical assessment was evaluated. For patients who had consistent results,postoperative curative effect was also recorded. The accuracy and predictive values of noninvasive preoperative tests were compared by χ2 test. Results For MSI and ECoG, their results were consistent in 57 cases, partially consistent in 14 cases, and inconsistent in 11 cases. In the postoperative follow-up of 57 patients with consistent results, there were 46 cases with Engel class Ⅰ, 3 cases with Engel class Ⅱ, 4 cases with Engel class Ⅲ, and 4 cases with Engel class IV. For VEEG and ECoG, the results were consistent in 43 cases, partially consistent in 33 cases, inconsistent in 6 cases.The postoperative follow-up showed that 27 cases were graded as Engel classⅠ, 5 cases as Engel classⅡ,7 cases as Engel classⅢ, and 4 cases as Engel class IV. There were statistically significant differences(χ2=5.023,P=0.025)of the concordance rate with ECoG between MSI(69.51%,57/82)and VEEG(52.44%,43/82). In the postoperative follow-up of patients with consistent results, the curative effect was better in group MSI than in group VEEG (χ2=3.989,P=0.046). Conclusions Preoperativelocalization by MSI shows advantage over VEEG, which meanswhen it achieves an agreement with ECoG, patients with FCD may get better prognosis from the surgical process.

Objective To evaluate the morphological changes of sural nerve in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by hyperfrequency ultrasound.Methods Fifty-six sural nerves of symptomatic group,64 sural nerves of asymptomatic group,and 60 sural nerves of control group were identified by 22 MHz Ultrasound.The thickness/width (T/W) ratio,cross-sectional areas (CSA) and the maximum thickness of neuronal fascicles (MT) of the sural nerve were calculated in transverse sonograms.Results ①Ultrasound can clearly show these structures of sural nerve such as epineurium,perineurium and nerve bundles and so on.②In symptomatic group,asymptomatic group and control group,T/W ratio and MT were gradually increased,and the differences among the three groups were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Whereas,there were no statistically significant differences in CSA among the three groups (P=0.257).Conclusions22 MHz ultrasound may be a valuable tool in evaluating the diabetic cutaneous nerve neuropathy