Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)is one of the most common comorbidities of ASD.This article reviews the assessment tools and clinical research (prevalence,clinical characteristics and treat-ment)and fundamental research (iconography,genetics,neurophychology,electronerophysiology)of ASD with ADHD according to lately related articles.The findings suggested that there was lack of researches on treatment and iconography of ASD with ADHD and the conclusions were inconformity.Furthermore,most of the objects in these researches were children of normal intelligence.Thus future research should expand its objects to patients of adult and children with mental retardation and do further explore in iconography and treatment.

Objective To explore the role of somatosensory evoked potentials elicited by paraspinal stimulation in the detection of spinal cord lesions.Methods Patients with clinically suspected spinal cord lesions underwent somatosensory evoked potentials(SEPs)and spinal cord conduction velocity(SCCV)test using paraspinal stimulating method.96 patients aged 15 to 75 years old with suspected spinal cord lesions of various aetiologies were tested.36 patients had demyelinating disease of the spinal cord,26 had sub-acute combined degeneration of the spinal cord,19 had myelopathy,10 had acute myelitis,5 had spinal cord corhpression.Results Paraspinal stimulation elicited somatosensory evoked potentials were Performed on all 96 patients,68 of whom underwent spinal MRI as well.SEPs and SCCV were found abnormal in a high ratio in all kinds of spinal cord lesions ; in general,78 among the 96 patients had abnormal SEPs with a sensitivity of 81.25%.27 out of 36 with demyelinating disease of the spine had abnormal SEPs with a sensitivity of 75.00%,23 out of 26 with subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord had abnormal SEPs with a sensitivity of 88.46%,8 out of 10 with acute myelitis had abnormal SEPs,15 patients with myelopathy having abnormal findings,all 5 patients with spinal cord compression had abnormal SEPs.42 of 68 patients undergoing MRI revealed to be abnormal,in which 35 patients also had abnormal SEPs.The other 26 patients had normal spinal MRI,in which 21 patients had abnormal SEPs.Conclusions Paraspinal stimulation somatosensory evoked potentials and spinal cord conduction velocity may objectively document the abnormalities of electrophysiology,which occurs earlier than those of anatomy and radiological finds, therefore it may detect the dysfunction of spinal cord at an early stage.It is even more useful in the detecting of the metabolic myelopathy,which can hardly be detected by MRI.This technique is simple,inexpensive, and maybe useful in the diagnosis for patients with suspected spinal cord lesions.

Objective The rate of post -operative complications has been increased with the changes in patients' age,prolonged duration, more severe and diffused lesions, and more patients with complications in recent years. We try to identify the risk factors associated with prolonged stay in the intensive care unit ( ICU ) after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Methods 1623 patients who received CABG surgery in Beijing Anzhen Hospital Between June 1, 2006 and December 31,2007 were divided into two groups based on their stay duration in the ICU. Prolonged stay in ICU was defined as 5days or more. Univariate and multivariate analysis ( logistic regression) were used to identify the risk factors. The discrimination and calibration of the result were tested after the risk factors were determined. Results Fifty one patients had prolonged ICU stay, accounting for 3.14% of total cases. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the age of patients, peripheral vascular diseases, critical status before operation, LVEF, operative status, mitral regurgitation, postoperative respiratory failure,postoperative renal failure, secondary thoracotomy for postoperative bleeding were associated risk factors. Conclusion Prolonged ICU stay after CABG surgery can be predicted based on the above factors. For patients with these risk factors, more pre-and postoperative care strategies are needed.

Objective:To investigate the expression of wild type estrogen receptor(wER)and the ex-on-5 deleted ER(variant ER,vER)in human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)samples,and thereafteranalyze the possibility of HCC treatment by endocrine therapy.Methods:The mRNA expressions of wERand vER were analysed from 28 cases of HCC by RT-PCR.The expression of ER at the protein level wasdetected by immunohistochemistry(IHC).Results:IHC results showed that 39.3% of the HCC speci-mens expressed ER.The mRNA of wER was detected in 89.3%(25/28)of the HCC specimens whilethat of vER was detected in 96.4%(27/28).Twenty four out of 28 HCC cases(85.7%)expressedboth wER and vER.One out of 28 patients(3.5%)expressed only wER whereas 3 patients out of 28(10.7%)expressed vER only.Conclusion:Ninety six percent(27/28)of the HCC patients expressedvER,which suggests that the expression of vER is an important event in the development of HCC.

Objective : To understand the current situation and characteristics of narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs abuse or dependence among hospital patients and to provide reference for strengthening the management of narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs. Methods : We collected clinical data from hospitals in Shandong and Guizhou provinces in 2016 and selected patients with history of narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs. We investigated them through telephone or face-to-face interview,then described the characteristics of demographic information and abuse or dependence of narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs in diagnosed drug abusers. Results : A total of 280 patients with drug abuse or dependence were recruited,of which 223 cases from nine hospitals in Shandong and 57 cases from five hospitals in Guizhou. There were 170 male patients,accounting for 60.71%; 193 patients aged 45 years and above,accounting for 68.93%; 223 married patients,accounting for 80.51%; 166 patients with a education level of junior high school and below,accounting for 61.25%; 125 patients engaged in agriculture,accounting for 48.64%. Benzodiazepine was the main drugs abused or dependenced by hospital patients,accounting for 73.57%（206 cases）. There were also 83 cases of polydrug abuse,accounting for 29.64%. Among the patients with drug abuse or dependence,45.71% had no special feelings,41.07% had symptoms or felt uncomfortable after withdrawal; 64.64% was for improving their sleep quality. Conclusion Most patients with abuse or dependence of narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs are middle- or senior-aged and have polydrug abuse. Benzodiazepine are the main abused drugs. The common reason for narcotic and psychotropic drug abuse or dependence is to have a good sleep.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy and value of high-frequency ultrasound for breast cancer screening in Asian women. Methods Published studies on high-frequency ultrasound for screening breast cancer in Asian women were systemically searched and assessed by the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) tool. Meta-DiSc 1.4 software was used for extracting data, calculating the summary sensitivity and specificity, and drawing the Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic (SROC) curve. Furthermore, the proportion of screening of diagnosis on early breast cancer (TNM stage 0, Ⅰ and Ⅱ ) by high-frequency ultrasound was calculated. Results Seven screening studies including 22 244 women were selected for Metaanalysis. According to the QUADAS items, 5 studies were classified as A degree and 2 studies were evaluated as B degree. For study in the heterogeneous of these 7 studies (Q=38.97, P＜0.0001 ),Random Effects Model (REM) was selected. The combined sensitivity (95%CI) and specificity (95%CI) were 0.785 (0.726-0.837) and 0.975 (0.973-0.977) respectively. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) of SROC was 0.9800. Among the follow-up studies of following period over one year, 96.9%of the diagnosed patients with breast cancer were at clinical stage Ⅱ or prior to it. Conclusion Because of its high accuracy, high- frequency ultrasound could be recommended for screening breast cancer in Asian women.

Objective:To synthesize the mental resilience of Chinese children tested with the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents (RSCA)to evaluate its status as well as the research status. Methods:Four Chinese elec-tronic databases including China Biology Medicine disc (CBM),VIP Database,China National Knowledge Infra-structure (CNKI)and WangFang Database were searched from database established to December 2014. Literatures that reported the mental resilience status of Chinese children tested with RSCA were included. A statistical formula was used to synthesize means and standard deviations to get a total score;the standard mean difference (SMD)and 95% confidence interval (95%CI)of scores measured with RSCA scale were used to conduct meta-analyses usingthe software of Review Manager 5. 2 for comparison between different subgroups. Results:Thirty-nine studies with 16 493 children were included for the final analysis. Quantitative synthesis results showed that the average total score of Chinese children was (3. 3 0. 6 ). The status of psychological resilience was at a good level. The average psychological resilience scores of girls,not left-behind children,urban children,Han children and not-only-child were higher than those of boys [SMD (95%CI):-0. 09 (-0. 14--0. 05 )],left-behind children [SMD (95%CI):-0. 37(-0. 56--0. 19)],rural children [SMD (95%CI):0. 26(0. 13 -0. 38)],minority children [SMD (95%CI):0. 12(0. 04-0. 21)]and only-children [SMD (95%CI):0. 30(0. 16-0. 44)]respectively. Conclusion:The mental resilience of Chinese children is modest with internal diversity.

Objective To observe the process of Vibrio vulnificus inducing dendritic cell strain apoptosis.Methods We established the mixed culture model of mouse dendritic cell ( DC 2.4 strain) and Vibrio vulnificus( Vv1.1758 strain ),analyzed morphological characteristics of cell apoptosis by DAPI fluorescence staining,detect DNA fragmentation level of apoptosis cells by DNA Ladder assay,analyze DC2.4 apoptosis rate by Annexin V FITC/PI staining,determine activities of caspase-3 and caspase-8 by means of spectrophotometric method and detect changes of mitochondrial transmembrane potential ( △ Ψm ) by JC-1 fluorescence labeling.Results After Vv1.1758 strain and DC2.4 cell were mixed and cultured for 4 h,DAPI fluorescence staining showed typical apoptosis characteristics-chromatin condensation and marginalization; DNA agarose gel electrophoresis showed apoptosis band; apoptosis rates at 2,4 and 6 h were respectively (37.8±9.8) ％,(54.3 ± 12.7 ) ％ and ( 68.2± 14.6 ) ％ ; Mitochondrial transmembrane potentials (△Ψm) at 1 h,2 h and 4 h reduced by 7.1％,16.1％ and 46.7％ respectively; caspase-8 activity increased at 1.5 h and reached the peak at 2 h [ (2.48±0.19) U/μg],while caspase-3 activity started to increase at 3h and reached the peak at 4 h [ ( 1.91 ±0.16) U/μg ].Conclusion Vibrio vulnificus could induce dendritic cells by two pathways: reducing mitochondrial transmembrane potential and activating caspase-8 promoter and finally activate effector caspase-3 to promote apoptosis.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the effect of CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism on lansoprazole pharmacoki-netics,and provide evidence-based reference for clinical individualized medication of lansoprazole. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,EMBase,Web of science,Cochrane Library and CJFD,retrospective studies about the effect of CYP2C19 genetic poly-morphism on lansoprazole pharmacokinetics were collected,Meta-analysis was performed by Rev Man 5.2 software after data ex-tract and quality evaluation. RESULTS:Totally 11 retrospective studies were included,involving 200 patients. The gene type in-cluded homozygote express metabolizers (EM),heterozygous express metabolizers (HEM) and slow metabolizers (PM). Results of Meta-analysis showed CYP2C19 polymorphism significantly affected cmax,AUC,t1/2,tmax and CL/F. The cmax and AUC in group PM were higher than group HEM and group EM;CL/F in group EM was higher than group HEM and group PM;t1/2 in group PM was higher than group HEM and group EM,while there was no significant difference in the t1/2 between group HEM and group EM;tmax in HEM and group PM were higher than group EM,while there was no significant difference in the tmax between group PM and group HEM. CONCLUSIONS:CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism shows obvious effect on lansoprazole pharmacokinetics, which is the key factor for causing efficacy of lansoprazole and individual differences among adverse reactions,and clinic should take into account individualized dose regimen of lansoprazole.

Objective: To investigate the dynamic electrocardiogram (ECG) changes of head-up tilt test in patients with suspected vasovagal syncope. Methods: A total of 502 outpatients of our hospital with suspicious vasovagal syncope from 2015-08 to 2016-12 were enrolled. All patients received head-up tilt test with synchronization of 12 lead ECG. Based on head-up tilt test result, the patients were divided into 2 groups: Positive group,n=244 and Negative group,n=258. The P wave duration, corrective QT (QTc) duration and P wave axis in ECG were compared between 2 groups. Results: Compared with Negative group, Positive group had the longer P wave duration (95.65±38.50) ms vs (88.61±17.09) ms,P<0.05; P wave axis was right shifted before syncope (69.87±18.18)° vs (66.82±16.51)° , while left shifted during syncope (62.87±25.39)° vs (68.47±15.30)° and after syncope (56.87±22.45)° vs (68.49±16.35)°, allP<0.05; the shorter QTc duration before syncope (418.69±92.35) ms vs (435.76±59.29) ms,P<0.05. Conclusion: The patients with vasovagal syncope had some speciifc ECG features during head-up tilt test including P wave duration, P wave axis and QTc duration, those may play certain forewarning function for vasovagal syncope onset.