Objective To investigate the results of Cierny-Mader type Ⅳ posttraumatic long bone infection treated by en bloc resection combined with induced membrane technique.Methods A retrospective case series analysis was made on 36 patients with posttraumatic long bone infection treated by en bloc resection combined with induced membrane technique from January 2013 to January 2015.There were 30 male and 6 female patients between 21 and 68 years (mean,41 years).Infection control,bone union,function activity and complications were detected after operation.Results After debridement in the first stage,a segmental bone defect of 5.5 cm in length (range,2-10.9 cm) was seen in all patients.Seven patients needed a local flap transfer to cover the wound and five patients had a second debridement.Mean duration of systemic antibiotic use was 2 weeks (range,1-6 weeks) and mean time interval of second-stage bone grafting was 12 weeks after debridement (range,6-36 weeks).Mean follow-up was 29.5 months (range,24-45 months).One patient had recurrence and was cured with radical debridement and a permanent acrylic spacers insertion,with the cure rate of bone infection of 97％ (35/36).All patients achieved bone union with a mean duration of 5.9 months (range,4-8 months),and were able to walk independently.Thirty patients returned to work or pre-operative physical labor.No pain and re-fracture occurred.Six patients had adjacent joint stiffness.Conclusion En bloc resection combined with induced membrane technique is associated with radical debridement,decreased recurrence rate and limb salvage,indicating a simple and effective method for Cierny-Mader type Ⅳ posttraumatic long bone infection.

To obtain higher potency and specificity, a series of 7-alkoxy analogues of illudalic acid was synthesized on the base of structure-activity relationship (SAR). All of these compounds exhibited submicromolar inhibition of the enzyme when tested against human leukocyte common antigen-related phosphatase (LAR) (for example, for 15e, IC50 = 180 nmol x L(-1)). They represent the most potent small-molecule inhibitors of LAR so far. These analogues also display excellent selectivity for LAR over other protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) except for the highly homologous PTPsigma. The compound 15f is of 120-fold selectivity for LAR versus PTP-1B inhibition. The development of potent enzyme-specific inhibitors is so important that they may serve both as tools to study the role of LAR and as therapeutic agents for treatment of type II diabetes.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of mutation in the locus 306 of embB gene in multi-drug resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) and evaluate the prospects for using it as a molecular marker to detect MDR-TB.Methods The 291 strains enrolled in this study were from the reference laboratory of Shanghai municipal centers for disease control and prevention, all of which had been tested for drug susceptibility.Mutation in embB 306 was screened both by amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) and DNA sequencing.The mutation frequencies of embB 306 in the sample groups varied in drug resistance were statistically analyzed.Results 38(51.4% ) of the 74 MDR-TB were embB 306-mutant (X2 =93.8,P＜0.01).Of the 24 TB resistant to at least two drugs but not MDR, 9(37.5% ) were embB 306 mutant (X2 =60.1 ,P＜0.01 ).But only two(4.9% ) embB 306-mutant strains were found in 41 strains resistant to only one drug (X2 =6.8,P=0.0093).None embB 306-mutant strains were found in 152 pansensitive strains.The specificity of using embB 306 as a molecular marker for detecting multi-drug resistant TB was 94.9% (206/217).Conclusions As a molecular marker for screening drug resistant TB,especially MDR-TB, the gene locus embB 306 shows a relatively high sensitivity and specificity, promising a sound future for its application in clinics to realize fast screening of patients infected with MDR-TB and to provide evidence for appropriate medication.

OBJECTIVETo explore the differentially expressed proteins between normal ovaries and ovarian cancer tissues using the protein chips.

METHODSTissues of 11 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and 11 matched normal ovaries were labeled with cy3 and cy5 fluorescent dyes and then were hybridized with 512 monoclonal protein antibody chips. The internally normalized ratio (INR) was calculated according to the intensity of fluorescence of each protein spots. The value of INR > 2.0 or < 0.7 was considered as the cut-value to filtrate the differentially expressed proteins between tissues of EOC and normal ovaries.

RESULTSThirty one differentially expressed proteins were found between tissues of EOC and normal ovaries, in which 17 up-regulated and 14 down-regulated proteins involved in the transcription, proliferation, signal conduction, and apoptosis of cells.

CONCLUSIONAntibody chips can effectively screen the differentially expressed proteins between normal ovaries and ovarian cancer tissues.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial ; metabolism ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Ovary ; metabolism ; Protein Array Analysis ; Proteomics

Objective To discuss the risk factors attributing intracranial infection following brain injury operation. Methods Difference factors between intracranial infection group and non-infection group following brain injury operations were compared by retrospective analysis. Results Involved in the study were 770 cases in non-infective group and 142 cases (15.6%) in infective group, with the types of infection including nonbacterial meningitis, bacterial meningitis, cerebral ventriclitis and ventrical pus accumulation, cerebral abscess, subdural pus accumulation, subcutaneous or/and subskull flap pus accumulation or osteomyelitis, and incision infections. The rate of bacterial detection was 27.5%.Postoperative infections following brain injury surgery were related to hotter weather, advanced age of patients, severity of traumatic state, multiple operations in short time, successive or double-lateral craniotomies, long-time (＞5 h) operation, microsurgery, operation on skull base or postfossa, cerebral ventricle draining, subcutaneous or epidural hydrops, and emergency operation(P＜0.05). Conclusion It should be given more attention and prophylactic treatments for the brain injury with infective risk factors mentioned above.

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effects of lycopene (LP) on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by focal cerebral ischemia and oxidative stress in rats.

METHODS48 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned into five groups: A (20 mg/kg LP), B (5 mg/kg LP), C (salad oil), D (salad oil) and E (basic feed control). A, B and C groups were given LP or salad oil orally for 15 d, then cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and D group was used as fake surgery control. The contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), lactic acid (LD) and the activities of nitric oxide synthetase (NOS) in cortex were measured at 24 h after reperfusion. The levels of HIF-1alpha mRNA and Bcl-2 mRNA in hippocampi were determined by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR) technique.

RESULTSROS levels of A, B, C, D and E groups were (114.23 +/- 18.91), (135.89 +/- 14.17), (171.37 +/- 25.76), (94.24 +/- 2.23) and (92.06 +/- 5.59) fluorescence intensity value/g protein, respectively (F = 9.038, P < 0.01); levels of NO were (6.60 +/- 0.77), (7.13 +/- 0.47), (8.38 +/- 0.80), (5.52 +/- 0.16) and (5.23 +/- 0.51) micromol/g protein respectively (F = 10.197, P < 0.01); levels of NOS were (0.817 +/- 0.016), (0.875 +/- 0.095), (1.030 +/- 0.101), (0.557 +/- 0.094) and (0.595 +/- 0.066) U/mg protein respectively (F = 14.555, P < 0.01); levels of LD were (0.381 +/- 0.069), (0.446 +/- 0.012), (0.576 +/- 0.059), (0.359 +/- 0.021) and (0.310 +/- 0.036) mmol/g protein respectively (F = 10.043, P < 0.01); HIF-1alpha mRNA expression levels in hippocampi were 0.865 +/- 0.274, 0.635 +/- 0.069, 0.491 +/- 0.067, 0.375 +/- 0.052 and 0.361 +/- 0.087, respectively (F = 40.520, P < 0.01); and Bcl-2 mRNA expression levels in hippocampi were 0.263 +/- 0.033, 0.330 +/- 0.028, 0.198 +/- 0.034, 0.304 +/- 0.039 and 0.236 +/- 0.025, respectively (F = 11.003, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe protective effects of LP may be related with its abilities of decreasing ROS and LD cumulation, alleviating inflammation and up-regulating the expression of protective genes.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Brain Ischemia ; metabolism ; Carotenoids ; pharmacology ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; metabolism ; Lactic Acid ; metabolism ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of progesterone on the growth and migration of breast cancer cells.

METHODSMCF-7 and T-47D cells were cultured in DMEM and stimulated with 100 nmol/L progesterone for 48 h, and the cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay, cell migration by wound-healing assay and E-catherin expression by Western blotting.

RESULTSProgesterone stimulated the cell proliferation and migration and down-regulated the expression of E-catherin in both MCF-7 and T-47D cells.

CONCLUSIONSProgesterone stimulates the cell proliferation and migration of cultured breast cancer cells, suggesting the clinical significance of anti-progesterone therapy in breast cancer.

Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Progesterone ; pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Objective To investigate the value of 18F-FDG/99Tcm-MIBI SPECT myocardial imaging for the detection of myocardial viability and prognosis in patients with AMI. Methods 18F-FDG/99Tcm-MIBI SPECT myocardial imaging was performed in 98 consecutive patients [man 87, women 11; average age (58 ±11)y] with AMI. The myocardium was scored individually for nine segments: mildly decreased uptake = 1,significantly decreased uptake = 2, and no uptake = 3. Perfusion defect but preserved 18 F-FDG uptake was defined as perfusion-metabolism mismatch, indicating jeopardized but viable myocardium. Perfusion defect and decreased 18 F-FDG uptake were defined as match, indicating myocardial necrosis. Echocardiogram was performed before and after treatment for evaluating the LVEF. All patients were followed after treatment.The rate of cardiac events was calculated and compared between patients with medication and revascularization. Paired t test, Chi-square test and log-rank test were used for statistical analysis. Results In the group with viable myocardium, 27 patients received revascularization and 10 received medication. In the group with infarcted myocardium, 26 patients received medication and 35 received revascularization. Patients underwent revascularization and with medication had no significant difference in improvement of LVEF between both groups (viable myocardium group: χ2 = 0.509, P > 0. 05; infarcted myocardium group: χ2 =0.035, P > 0.05). In viable myocardium group, cardiac event rate was significantly higher in patients with medication than in those who had undergone revascularization (50.0% vs 14.8%, χ2 =4.91, P<0.05).In the infarcted myocardium group, cardiac event rate was also significantly higher in patients with medication (30.7% vs5.7% ,χ2 =6.83, P<0.05). Conclusions 18F-FDG/ -MIBI SPECT myocardial imaging may well be of value but limited for the detection of myocardial viability and prediction of improvement in cardiac function as well as prognosis. However, more prospective data are needed for final evaluation.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinicopathological features and prognosis of malignant ovarian neoplasms complicating pregnancy and explore the rational treatment.

METHODSThe clinical data of 38 patients with malignant ovarian neoplasms complicating pregnancy were retrospectively analyzed,and the intra-surgical pathological sections were reviewed. International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system (1988) was applied.

RESULTSOf these 38 patients,the malignancies included epithelial ovarian cancer (n=9, 23.7%), epithelial borderline ovarian tumor (n=13, 34.2%),ovarian malignant germ cell tumors (n=11, 28.9%), sex cord stromal tumors (n=3, 7.9%), and metastatic tumor from gastrointestinal tracts (n=2, 5.3%). Twenty-seven patients (71.1%) were at stage I. The pregnancy outcomes included termination in the first trimester (n=8), full-term vaginal delivery (n=6), full-term Cesarean section (n=15), and therapeutical Cesarean section for premature birth (n=9). One newborn died,and the remaining 29 survived in a healthy status. All patients underwent surgical treatment,among whom two patients received surgeries during pregnancy. Patients were followed up for (40.5±38.5) months,during which one patient was lost to follow-up, 7 died, 1 survived with tumor, and 29 (76.3%) survived free of tumors.

CONCLUSIONSThe management of ovarian malignancies complicating pregnancy should be individualized. Both surgical treatment and chemotherapy are relatively safe in the second and third trimesters. Satisfactory prognosis can be expected after appropriate treatment.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic ; pathology ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular-epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Shanghai.

METHODSDrug-resistant and drug-susceptible strains of M. tuberculosis were randomly selected from the bank of M. tuberculosis of Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention and were genotyped by mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units(MIRU) and Spoligotyping methods. The genotyping results were analyzed and combined with epidemiological data.

RESULTSThe Spoligotyping results demonstrated that 89 % (81/91) of the strains belonged to the Beijing genotype. Of the patients who had received BCG-vaccination,88.5% (54/61) infected with strains of Beijing genotype and 90.0% (27/30) of the patients were not BCG-vaccinated. However, the difference was not statistically significant. Drug-resistant rate from those strains of Beijing genotype was 45.7 (37/81), lower than that of non-Beijing genotype (60.0% ,6/10). Again,the difference was not statistically significant. The MIRU results showed that 62.6 % (57/91) were strains of clusters.

CONCLUSIONThe Beijing genotype of M. tuberculosis were found to be the dominant strains in Shanghai. The associations between Beijing genotype strains and BCG vaccination or drug-resistant were not found. Results from cluster analysis suggested that some cases might belong to the newly developed cases.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Interspersed Repetitive Sequences ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycobacterium bovis ; immunology ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Tuberculosis ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Vaccination ; Young Adult