OBJECTIVETo compare clinical outcomes between two suturing methods using non absorbable materials through drilling the bone and suturing anchors for the treatment of complete rupture of the deltoid ligament.

METHODSFrom January 2009 to January 2013, 58 hospitalized patients with ankle fracture combined with complete rupture of the deltoid ligament were treated with suturing using non absorbable materials through drilling the bone or suturing anchors. There were 29 patients who received suturing treatments using non absorbable materials through drilling the bone (Group A), including 18 males and 11 females, with an average age of (39.76 +/- 11.81) years old. According to the Lauge-Hansen classification, 12 patients had supination external rotation (SER) injuries with IV degree, 5 patients had pronation external rotation (PER) injuries with III degree, 10 patients had PER injuries with IV degrss, and 2 patients had pronation abduction injuries with III degree. There were 29 patients who received treatments with suturing using anchors (Group B), including 14 males and 15 females, with an average age of (41.79 +/- 13.28) years old. According to the Lauge-Hansen classification,9 patients had SER injuries with IV degree, 6 patients had PER injuries with III degree,13 patients had PER injuries with IV degree, and 1 patient had pronation abduction injuries with III degree. All the patients were treated with open reduction and internal fixation, as well as reconstruction of deltoid ligaments to restore the stability of the medial ankle structures. The clinical examination, imaging evaluation, American society for ankle surgery (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score and visual analogue scale (VAS) were used to evaluate the clinical results after operation, and the results of the two groups were compared and analyzed statistically.

RESULTSThe follow-up duration of the 58 patients ranged from 23 to 40 months,with an average of 27.3 months. All the patients had fracture union, and the mean healing time was 12.3 weeks (ranged, 10 to 17 weeks). There were no incision complications and ankle instability. There were no significant differences between two groups in AOFAS (P=0.666) and the VAS (P=0.905).

CONCLUSIONTreatments of complete rupture of the deltiod ligaments with the two suturing methods get similar good clinical effects, but the suturing using non absorbable materials through drilling the bone has several advantages such as reducing the financial burden of patients, saving social medical resources and avoiding the shortcoming in difficult removal of anchor suture.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Ankle Fractures ; surgery ; Ankle Injuries ; surgery ; Ankle Joint ; surgery ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Lateral Ligament, Ankle ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To introduce a novel femoral distractor which is applied in close reduction and internal fixation (CRIF) with antegrade intramedullary nail for femoral shaft fractures.Methods From September 2010 to March 2015,85 patients with femoral shaft fracture were treated by CRIF with antegrade intramedullary nail in which our self-designed novel distractor was used.They were 64 males and 21 females,with an average age of 36.6 years.By AO classification,we had 32 cases of type 32-A,40 cases of type 32-B,and 13 cases of type 32-C.The intervals between injury and surgery averaged 7.5 days (range,from 1 to 16 days).The fracture was located at the upper shaft in 26 cases,at the middle shaft in 57 cases,at the middle shaft and ipsilateral neck in one,and at the lower shaft and ipsilateral intertrochanteric site in one.Their operation time,intraoperative blood loss,intra-and post-operative complications,and fracture union time were recorded and analyzed.Results Successful close reduction was achieved in all the 85 patients with no iatrogenic injury to major vessels or nerves.Operation time averaged 105.5 minutes;time for X-ray exposure averaged 25.8 seconds;intraoperative blood loss averaged 209.2 mL.The 85 patients received follow-ups from 8 to 24 months (mean,16.3 months).Fracture union was achieved in 83 cases after an average duration of 7.8 weeks (range,from 4 to 12 weeks),but nonunion occurred in 2 cases.One-year follow-ups revealed recovery of normal function of the affected knee in all,with no limb shortening ＞ 10 mm,rotational angulation ＞ 15°,or lateral or anteroposterior angulation ＞ 10°.No incision infection,deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism happened during the entire follow-up.Conclusion Our self-designed novel distractor can facilitate CRIF with antegrade intramedullary nail for femoral shaft fractures,and avoid the complications and inconvenience associated with a traction table.

Objective To understand the status of soil?transmitted nematode infections in Xiding Township,Menghai Coun?ty,Yunnan Province,so as to provide the reference for formulating the strategy of soil?transmitted nematodosis control. Meth?ods Soil?transmitted nematode eggs in feces were detected by the Kato?Katz method,and the eggs of Enterobius vermicularis were detected by the cellophane tape method in children. The soil samples were collected from vegetable ,fruit and other crop fields of 15 residents randomly to detect hookworm. Results The stool samples from 1 002 residents were examined and the soil?transmitted nematode infection rate was 20.06%(201/1 002). The infection rates of hookworm,Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichu?ris trichura were 18.96%(190 cases),1.70%(17 cases)and 0.90%(9 cases)respectively. The percentages of people with light infection of hookworm,A. lumbricoides and T. trichura were 97.37%(185/190),88.24%(15/17)and 100%(9/9)respec?tively. No infection of E. vermicularis was found. Fifteen soil samples were tested,and no hookworm was found in the soil. Con?clusion The infection rate of soil?transmitted nematode in Xiding Township,Menghai County is high,but the infectiosity is light. The control and monitoring of soil?transmitted nematodosis should be strengthened in this area.

Objective To explore the tumor cell apoptosis induced by the effect in vitro of eukaryotic ex pression of full-length TRAIL cDNA and its extracellular region. Methods The eukaryotic expression vectors for both forms of the cDNA acquired from the fetal heart cDNA library were constructed. After gene transfecting, the stable expression cell lines were obtained by G418 screening. Results The supernatants from tansfectants could induce apoptosis of different tumor cell lines in vitro, and an enhanced effect was observed by adding TFAR19 (TF-1 cell apoptosis-related protein 19), a novel apoptosis gene product discovered in our laboratory. Conclusion Eukaryotic expression products of TRAIL can induce apoptosis of the tumor cells, and TFAR19 could enhance the effect on apoptosis of tumor cells.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the induction and culture of adventitious root of Panax notoginseng.

METHODThree ways, induction from the explants of three-year-old P. notoginseng. The explants of regenerated shoots and calluses, were used to induce adventitious roots. The effects of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, indole-3-butyric acid and naphthylacetic acid on adventitious root induction were investigated respectively. The effects of four modes of separating adventitious roots from the parent tissues on culture in vitro were compared.

RESULTAdventitious roots were successfully induced by three methods, of which the young flower bud callus was the best material for the induction of adventitious root. Indole-3-butyric acid possessed the strongest potency for induction. The liquid culture system was established by continuous culture of adventitious roots together with their parent tissues before separated.

CONCLUSIONThe acquisition and culture in vitro in liquid culture system of adventitious roots of P. notoginseng lay a foundation for the next investigation.

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ; pharmacology ; Indoles ; pharmacology ; Naphthaleneacetic Acids ; pharmacology ; Panax notoginseng ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Plant Growth Regulators ; pharmacology ; Plant Roots ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Plants, Medicinal ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Tissue Culture Techniques ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics of cellular metabolism of mandibular condylar chondrocytes in repairing state of osteoarthrosis and investigate its role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

METHODSTemporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis model of rabbits was created by the partial resection of joint disc and confirmed with histological diagnosis. The chondrocytes were harvested from osteoarthritic condylar cartilage in the repairing state and cultured in vitro under the monolayer culture condition. The cellular expression of cartilaginous matrix protein, collagenase and growth factors between the osteoarthritic chondrocytes and the normal controls were measured with RT-PCR technique to outline the basic feature of the osteoarthritic cells.

RESULTSThe cultured cells were confirmed as chondrocytes with their ability of expression of collagen type II and Aggrecan. In the reactive repairing state of osteoarthrosis, the chondrocytes showed the imbalance of expression of ECM proteins, and increased expression of collagenase and endogenous growth factors such as IGF-1 and TGF-beta1.

CONCLUSIONSThis study found the active anabolism of the chondrocytes within the osteoarthritic condylar cartilage and the imbalance synthesis of cartilage matrix. These repairing attempts by the osteoarthritic chondrocytes may be impossible to restore the primary homeostasis within the condylar cartilage.

Animals ; Cartilage, Articular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chondrocytes ; metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Mandibular Condyle ; metabolism ; pathology ; Osteoarthritis ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Temporomandibular Joint Disc ; pathology ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness of unilateral versus bilateral pedicle screw fixation in lumbar spinal fusion.

METHODSStudies on comparison between unilateral and bilateral pedicle screw fixation in lumbar spinal fusion were identified from Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL (Third Quarter 2011), ScienceDirect, OVID, SpringerLink and The China Biological Medicine Database, and searched several related journals by hand. The included trials were screened out according to the criterion of inclusion and exclusion. The quality of included trials was evaluated. Data were extracted by two reviewers independently. RevMan 5.1.1 was used for data analysis.

RESULTSSeven studies involving 480 patients were included, 246 in unilateral group, and 234 in bilateral group. The results of meta-analysis indicated that statistically significant difference were observed between the two fixation procedures in mean operation time (MD = -24.39, 95%CI: -33.16 to 15.61, P < 0.01), the amount of bleeding (MD = -118.73, 95%CI: -143.43 to -94.03, P < 0.01). There were no difference in inpatient stay, fusion rate, complication rate and excellent and good rate.

CONCLUSIONSBoth unilateral and bilateral pedicle screw fixation are effective in lumbar spinal fusion. To compare with bilateral fixation, unilateral fixation can shorten operation time, reduce amount of bleeding and medical expenses. And there is a similar effect of inpatient stay, fusion rate, complication rate and excellent and good rate.

Bone Screws ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo compare mini-probe endoscopic ultrasonography (MCUS) with computed tomography (CT) in preoperative T and N staging of esophageal cancer, and to find out the MCUS parameters to judge lymph node metastasis for esophageal cancer.

METHODSThirty-five patients received both MCUS and CT preoperatively, on both of which the T and N stages were determined. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predicting value and negative predicting value were compared with the postoperative pathological results.

RESULTSThe accuracy of MCUS was 85.7% in T staging and 85.7% and 80.0% in N staging by the two different methods, which were 45.7% and 74.3%, respectively, by CT.

CONCLUSIONMCUS is better than CT in preoperative staging for esophageal cancer. The ratio of short to long axis (S/L) combined with short axis is a useful way to determine lymph node metastasis.

Adult ; Aged ; Double-Blind Method ; Endosonography ; instrumentation ; methods ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Esophagus ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; methods ; Preoperative Care ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUNDThe long-term effects of bone marrow-derived cells (BMC) transplantation in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have not been established. The present meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with follow-up ≥ 2 years was performed to investigate the long-term effects of BMC therapy in patients after AMI.

METHODSSpecific terms were used to conduct a systematic literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the China Biological Medicine Disk database from their inception to March 2012. A standardized protocol was used to extract information, and random effect model was used to analyze all data except major adverse events.

RESULTSFive trials comprising 510 patients were included. Compared with controls, BMC therapy significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (4.18%, 95%CI: 2.02% to 6.35%, P = 0.0002), while mildly but not significantly reduced left ventricular end-systolic volume (-4.47 ml, 95%CI: -10.92 to 1.99, P = 0.17) and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (-2.29 ml, 95%CI: -9.96 to 5.39, P = 0.56). Subgroup analysis revealed that significant improvement of LVEF induced by BMC therapy could be observed in patients with baseline LVEF ≤ 42%, but disappeared in those with baseline LVEF > 42%. There were trends in favor of BMC therapy for most major clinical adverse events, though most differences were not significant.

CONCLUSIONSIntracoronary BMC infusion in patients with AMI seems to be safe and may further improve LVEF on top of standard therapy; especially the beneficial effects could last for long term. The findings need to be validated in the future.

Acute Disease ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Ventricular Function, Left

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of long-term high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet on body weight and the expression of gastrointestinal hormones in diet-induced obesity rats.

METHODSTwenty-four diet-induced obesity rat models were established by feeding fat-enriched diet, then were randomly divided into two groups by stratified sampling method by weight: the high-protein diet group (HP, 36.7% of energy from protein), and the normal chow group (NC, 22.4% of energy from protein), 12 rats in each group. The total calorie intake of each rat per day was similar and was maintained for 24 weeks, then body weight, visceral fat mass, fasting plasma ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were determined, as well as protein expression of ghrelin in stomach, GLP-1 in ileum were detected by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSAfter 24 weeks, body weight of HP, NC groups were (490.92 ± 39.47) g and (545.55 ± 31.08) g, respectively (t = -3.664, P < 0.01); visceral fat mass were (22.42 ± 7.04) g and (32.33 ± 9.27) g, respectively (t = -2.503, P < 0.05); plasma ghrelin level were (2.36 ± 0.82) and (1.95 ± 0.64) ng/ml, respectively (t = 1.337, P > 0.05), and plasma ghrelin level was negatively correlated to body weight (r = -0.370, t = -1.899, P < 0.05), visceral fat mass (r = -0.454, t = -2.52, P < 0.01); plasma GLP-1 concentration were (0.52 ± 0.13) and (0.71 ± 0.19) ng/ml, respectively(t = -2.758, P < 0.05); ghrelin protein expression in stomach were 25 473 ± 8701 and 10 526 ± 6194, respectively (t = 2.501, P < 0.05); GLP-1 protein expression in ileum were 27 431 ± 5813 and 36 601 ± 5083, respectively (t = -1.833, P = 0.081).

CONCLUSIONLong-term isocaloric high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet can reduce body weight and visceral fat, increase the expression of ghrelin, and decline GLP-1 expression in diet-induced obesity rats.

Animals ; Body Weight ; Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted ; Dietary Proteins ; administration & dosage ; Gastrointestinal Hormones ; metabolism ; Ghrelin ; blood ; metabolism ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 ; metabolism ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; metabolism ; Male ; Obesity ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar