BACKGROUND:Pancreas or islet cel transplantation and stem cel transplantation bring hope to cure diabetes, but pancreas or islet transplantation appears to have a lack of donors as wel as immune rejection problems, limiting their clinical development. Therefore, stem cel transplantation therapy has become the current hotspot.
OBJECTIVE:To study the therapeutic effects of huaman telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT)-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s transplantation on diabetes mel itus in SD rats.
METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were transfected with PLXSN carrying hTERT. Thirty-six male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n=6), stem cel group (n=10), hTERT transfection group (n=10), diabetes mel itus group (n=10). Except the control group, the rats were injected with stretozotocin (45 mg/kg) to make diabetes mel itus models. After modeling, rats in the stem cel group and hTERT transfection group were respectively intravenously injected with 1 mL of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s (1.5×1010/L) and 1 mL of hTERT-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s (1.5×1010/L).
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 24 hours after modeling, the fasting blood-glucose level was significantly increased in the diabetes mel itus group, which was higher than the normal value (6.7 mmol/L). At 15 days after cel transplantation, the fasting blood-glucose levels were signficiantly decreased in the stem cel group and hTERT transfection group as compared with the diabetes mel itus group (P<0.05), but the body mass of rats was increased in these two group (P<0.05), especial y in the hTERT transfection group. At 45 days after cel transplantation, the fasting blood-glucose level and body mass in the stem cel group and hTERT transfection group were close to those in the control group (P>0.05), and moreover, the hTERT group had better outcomes than the stem cel group. Meanwhile, in the diabetes mel itus group, the fasting blood-glucose level was stil at a higher level, and the body mass decreased continously. These findings suggest that hTERT-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation is effective for treatment of diabetes mel itus in rats.

BACKGROUND:Studies have reported that underin vitro experimental environment, antisense endothelin nucleic acid nanometer carrier can express target nucleic acid and produce RNA interference effect after enfolding by 12-alkylated chitosan nanoparticles, which can effectively inhibit the excessive generation of endothelin from inflammatory cytokines induced by alergen. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of 12-alkylated chitosan nanoparticles enfolding antisense endothelin converting enzyme RNA expression plasmid on airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic mouse models. METHODS: Forty Balb/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: control, chitosan nanoparticles, normal saline and plasmid groups. Mice in the chitosan nanoparticles, normal saline and plasmid groups were subjected to sensitization by an intraperitoneal injection with ovalbumin (0, 14 days) and motivation by aerosol inhalation of ovalbumin (24, 25, 26 days) to induce asthma models. Mice in the control group were subjected to sensitization and motivation by the perfusion of normal saline. At 24hours before the first excitation, mice in the control, chitosan nanoparticles, normal saline and plasmid groups were perfused with normal salinevia airway, 12-alkylated chitosan nanoparticles, normal saline and antisense endothelin converting enzyme RNA. At 48 hours after the last excitation, the airway reactivity of mice was detected. After 28 days, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology, lung histopathology, cytokines in spleen cel culture supernatant were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, the total number of plasmid cels, the percentage of eosinophils, eosinophil absolute counts, interleukin-4 levels, endothelin levels and airway hyperresponsiveness of mice in chitosan nanoparticles, normal saline and plasmid groups were increased (P < 0.05), and the lung inflammation was more severe. These indicators in the chitosan nanoparticles group were al lower than those in the normal saline and plasmid groups (P < 0.05) and the degree of inflammation was lighter than that in the saline and plasmid groups. These results demonstrate that 12-alkylated chitosan nanoparticles enfolding antisense endothelin converting enzyme RNA expression plasmid can reduce the synthetic amount of asthma endothelin and inhibit airway responsiveness.

Primary liver cancer ( PLC) is one of the most invasive malignant tumors in the clinics .The PLC within Milan criteria can be cured by liver transplantation or liver resection .However,PLC exceeding Milan criteria has been a question for us to overcome all the time .In recent years ,transcatheter arterial chemoemboliza-tion( TACE) and its combination therapy for PLC exceeding Milan criteria have made some breakthrough .A great deal of literatures have confirmed that TACE and its combined therapy for PLC exceeding Milan criteria can im -prove the survival rate obviously,it also contains many advantages,such as low cost,safe,painless,minimally in-vasive,repetitive operation and so on .The progress of TACE for PLC exceeding Milan criteria in recent years is summarized in this paper .

Autoimmune gastritis(AIG) is a CD4 + T cell-mediated organ specific autoimmune disease of the stomach, characterized by the inherent gland atrophy in the stomach and intestinal metaplasia and/or pseudopyloric gland metaplasia. The diversity and nonspecificity of clinical features make the diagnosis difficult. In the past, AIG was thought to occur in the West, but in recent years, more and more studies have shown that the prevalence rate of AIG in China is not low. However, the disease has not attracted the attention of domestic clinical workers. Therefore, this paper reviews the latest research progress in the etiology, clinical characteristics, relationship with other diseases, diagnosis and treatment of AIG, so as to improve the understanding of clinical workers and improve the treatment rate and prognosis of AIG.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a high sensitivity method for rapid quantitative detection of morphine in the biological samples including serum, saliva and urine. METHODS: With the immunochromatographic lateral flow strip as reaction method, the luminescent lanthanide europium nanoparticles covalently conjugated with morphine monoclonal antibody were adopted as reporters. The morphine antigen and goat anti-mouse antibody were coated at the nitrocellulose membrane separately as the test line and control line. The strip based on competitive inhibition immunoassay principle was detected by the fluorescent reader for rapid quantitative detection of morphine in the biological samples. RESULTS: After experiment optimization, the improved strip could provide the line range 3-3 000 ng·mL-1; precise quality morphine control materials verified CV<10%. There were no cross reactions with amphetamine, methylamphetamine, ketamine and so on; keep the strips at 37 ℃ for 7 d, the performance of the strips did not decline markedly. CONCLUSION: The preliminary established method shows high linearity, precision, specificity and stability. The method could quantitatively detect the morphine in the biological samples in short time. It is supposed to be applied into the grassroots unit.

Tinnitus is a common clinical disorder, which may generate trom a lot of causes, including otological disease and other systemic diseases associated with tinnitus or some factors such as insomnia and emotional cognition. Some studies have found that mood is associated with the occurrence and development of tinnitus and that psychological factors play a role in the occurrence and development of tinnitus in the tinnitus patients with mood disorders. At the same time, the psychological distress and emotional problems caused by tinnitus have drawn more and more attention of clinicians. Based on this, the cognitive theory of emotion can be helpful for evaluating tinnitus, and patients with severe tinnitus can be relieved by biofeedback information in tinnitus management. This article will analyze literature in these disciplines.
Cognition ; Emotions ; Humans ; Psychological Theory ; Tinnitus ; psychology ; therapy

Necroptosis is a newly discovered form of programmed cell death, which is activated by the binding of death receptors and their ligands and executed through specific path ways. At present, this form of cell death has been proved to be involved in a variety of diseases,such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, traumatic brain injury and brain ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objective To investigate the effects of gemcitabine,a cytotoxic drug,combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treatment of human pancreatic cancer xenograft in nude mice.Methods The animal model of human pancreatic cancer was developed by suturing small pieces of SW1990 tumors into the dorsum of nude mice.Sixty animal models were randomly divided into five groups with 12 each:control group ( without any treatment ), photosensitizer group ( 2 mg/kg of Photosan, without illumination ),chemotherapy group (receiving 50 mg/kg of gemcitabine i.p. on day 0,3,6 and 9 after transplantation),photodynamic group (2 mg/kg photosan combined with laser irradiation) and combination group (50 mg/kg of gemcitabine and 2 mg/kg of photosan combined with laser irradiation). The tumor sizes were measured twice every week.All mice were sacrificed after 21 days.The tumor volume was calculated,and inhibitory effect and changes before and after treatment were analyzed.Results The tumor was grown bigger in control,photosensitizer and chemotherapy groups (all P value ＜0.05).On day 6,9,12,15,18and 21, the tumor size was significantly smaller in photodynamic group than those in control and photosensitize groups.While the tumor size on day 18 and 21 was smaller in combined group than those in photodynamic group(all P value ＜0.05). The tumor mass was (0.29 ± 0.20) g in combined group,which was lower than that in photodynamic,control,photosensitize and chemotherapy groups[(0.69±0.23) g,(1.65±0.21) g,(1.62±0.12) g,(1.37±0.19) g,respectively,P＜0.05].The inhibitory effect were 82.420%00 and 58.18% in combined group and photodynamic group,respectively(P＜0.05),while there was 1.80% and 17.00% in photosensitize and chemotherapy groups,respectively.Conclusions Photodynamic therapy has significant and short anti-tumor effect,but it can be significantly enhanced by combined with small dose of gemcitabine.

In the teaching of central venous catheterization in graduate students of Institute of Anaesthesiology, teachers use traditional teaching method, multimedia method, simulation method and clinical training. It can not only make teaching contents richer and more vivid, but also increase students' interest, thus greatly enhancing teaching results.

MicroRNA (miRNA),a type of 22-25nt non-coding RNA,plays an important role in proliferation and apoptosis of the cardiomyocyte,as well as the pathogenesis of some common cardiovascular diseases.Recently,researches on circulating miRNA in cardiovascular disease draw more attentions.This review will focus on the application value of miRNA in cardiovascular disease,the characteristics of miRNA and its detection technology will be described as well.