Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features and risk factors of lymph node metastasis of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms (GI-NENs).Methods The retrospective case-control study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 467 patients with GI-NENs who were admitted to the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2006 to December 2015 were collected.Observation indicators:(1) occurrence sites and pathological classification of GI-NENs;(2) pathological characteristics of surgical specimens of GI-NENs;(3) univariate analysis and multivariate analysis affecting lymph node metastasis of GI-NENs:sex,age,tumor location,tumor diameter,pathological classification,pathological stage and tumor invasive depth.The univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were respectively done using the chi-square test and Logistic regression model.Results (1) Occurrence sites and pathological classification of GI-NENs:of 467 patients with GI-NENs,tumors of 304,15,7,14 and 127 patients were located at stomach,duodenum,small intestine,colon and rectum,respectively.Tumor diameter was 0.3-12.0 cm,with an average diameter of 2.2 cm.Of 467 patients with GI-NENs,G1 and G2 of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs),G3 of neumendocfine carcinomas (NECs) and mixed adenoneuroendocfine carcinomas (MANECs) were respectively detected in 209,64,146 and 48 patients.Lymph node metastasis rate of GI-NENs was 31.48％ (147/467).(2) Pathological characteristics of surgical specimens of GI-NENs:NETs were high-differentiated NENs.Ceils of NETs were solid and nest-,trabeculum-and tubular-shaped,and consisted of small or medium cells,with moderate amount or massive cytoplasms,round or oval nucleus,particle-shaped chromatin,unobvious nucleolus and positive endocrine markers.There were abundant of small blood vessels and surrounding fibrous stroma in peripheral tumor cell nests.NECs were low-differentiated NENs and included small cell carcinoma and large cell NEC.Cells of small cell carcinoma were small round or oval and looked similar to lymphocytes,with few amount cytoplasms,fine granularshaped or hyperchromatic nucleus and common mitosis figures.Cells of large cell NEC were large and greater than 3 lymphocytes,arrayed in organoid-or chrysanthemum-shape,with massive cytoplasms,coarse particle-shaped chromatin,obvious nucleus,clear mitosis figures and large laminar-shaped necrosis.There were different positive expressions of endocrine markers between small cell carcinoma and large cell NEC.MANECs had the characteristics of glandular cavity formation of traditional adenocarcinoma and NENs.Results of immunohistochemical staining in 467 patients showed that Ki-67 of 467 patients was positive;CD56 in 379 of 428 with CD56 test was positive;synaptophysin (Syn) in 416 of 422 with Syn test was positive;cytokeratin (CK) in 354 of 396 with CK test was positive;chromogranin (CgA)in 264 of 388 with CgA test was positive;neuron specific enolase (NSE) in 287 of 346 with NSE test was positive.(3) Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis affecting lymph node metastasis of GI-NENs:results of univariate analysis showed that sex,tumor location,tumor diameter,pathological classification,pathological satge and tumor invasive depth were related factors affecting lymph node metastasis of patients with GI-NENs (X2 =20.654,18.182,26.788,184.709,163.738,195.391,P＜ 0.05).Results of multivariate analysis showed that pathological classification and pathological stage were independent influenced factors affecting lymph node metastasis of patients with GI-NENs (HR =2.129,7.171,95％ confidence interval:1.273-3.561,-2.327-22.098,P＜0.05).Conclusions GI-NENs are mostly located on the stomach and rectum.Results of immunohistochenical staining could help diagnosis of GI-NENs.Pathological classification and pathological stage are independent influenced factors affecting lymph node metastasis of patients with GI-NENs.

Objective To investigate the roles of SENP1 in regulation of biological characteristics of NK cells.Methods Lentivirus-mediated-Senp1-small-hairpinRNA (shRNA) transduction was applied to NK92 cells.The expression of SENP1 in NK92 cells was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot.The proliferation of NK92 cells was detected by CCK-8 assay.The apoptosis of NK92 cells was determined by Annexin Ⅴ and PI labeling.The cytotoxicity of NK92 cells against K562 cells was evaluated by luciferase reporter assay.Results Treatment of NK92 cells with IL-21 resulted in SENP1 upregulation.Lentivirus mediated SENP1 knockdown reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis in NK-92 cells,but SENP1 inhibition had slight impact on the cytotoxic ability of NK92 cells to kill K562 cells.Conclusion SENP1 mediates the regulatory effect of IL-21 on the proliferation and survival of NK92 cells.

Objective:To explore the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of bladder squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC)and bladder adenocarcinoma.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 107 patients with nonurothelial carcinoma of the bladder admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 2011 to January 2019 was performed. Among the 107 patients, 78 were males and 29 were females(ratio 2.69∶1), and the median age of onset was 62.0 years. According to histological types, patients were divided into SqCC group, urachal adenocarcinoma group and non-urachal adenocarcinoma group. There were 55 cases in the SqCC group, including 40 males and 15 females. Their mean age was 69.0(58.0, 75.0) years. 14 cases had the history of smoking. The clinic manifestation included hematuria in 35 cases, bladder irritation in 13 cases, dysuria in 2 cases and pain in 5 cases .Tumors located at the anterior and posterior walls in 18 cases, at the lateral wall in 27 cases, at the triangular area in 8 cases and at the apical wall in 2 cases. The average diameter of tumor was 4.5(3.0, 6.0) cm. 37 cases suffered with single tumor and 18 cases suffered with multiple tumors. The surgical method was radical cystectomy in 38 cases, partial cystectomy in 4 cases, TURBT in 9 cases, interventional surgery in 2 cases, and no operation in 2 cases. There were 20 cases in the urachal adenocarcinoma group, including 14 males and 6 females; age 53.5(43.5, 57.8) years; 6 cases with a history of smoking. The clinic manifestation included hematuria in 16 cases, bladder irritation in 1 case, pain in 2 cases and asymptomatic in 1 case. Tumors located at anterior and posterior walls in 4 cases and at apical wall in 16. The average diameter of tumor was 3.0(2.0, 4.8) cm. Single tumor was present in 18 cases, multiple tumors were present in 2 cases. The surgical method was partial cystectomy in 16 cases, radical cystectomy in 1 case, TURBT in 1 case and no operation in 2 cases. There were 32 cases in the non-urachal adenocarcinoma group, including 24 males and 8 females. Their mean age was 55.0(46.3, 70.8) years.11 cases had a history of smoking. The clinic manifestation included hematuria in 16 cases, bladder irritation in 3 cases, dysuria in one case and pain in 7 cases. Tumor located at anterior and posterior walls in 17 cases, at lateral wall in 7 cases, at triangular area in 5 cases and at apical wall in 3 cases. The average diameter of tumor was 3.6(2.0, 4.5) cm. 23 cases suffered with single tumor, 9 cases suffered with multiple tumors.The surgical method was radical cystectomy in 11 cases, partial cystectomy in 9 cases, TURBT in 9 cases , and no operation in 3 cases. The preoperative data of the three groups of tissue types were compared, the differences of age of onset, tumor diameter, tumor location, reason for treatment, operation method ( P<0.05)among the 3 groups were statistically significant. The clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of the 3 groups of tissue types were compared, and the Cox proportional regression risk model was used to analyze the clinical factors affecting the prognosis. Results:91 patients were followed up, the overall follow-up rate was 85.1%, the median follow-up time was 26(7, 48) months. The 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 54.1% and 42.2%, respectively. In the SqCC group, 11 cases received chemotherapy; 3 cases received postoperative radiotherapy; 12 cases received postoperative perfusion.10 cases had recurrence; 17 cases had lymph node metastasis; 19 cases had distant metastasis; 5 cases were pT x in pT stage, 36 cases were pT 1-pT 2, 14 cases were pT 3-pT 4. 19 cases had unknown tumor differentiation, 4 cases had well differentiated, 24 cases had moderately differentiated and 8 cases had poorly differentiated. In the urachal adenocarcinoma group, 7 cases received chemotherapy, 3 cases had recurrence, 2 cases had lymph node metastasis, 2 cases had distant metastasis; 1 case was pT x in pT stage, 16 cases were pT 1-pT 2, 3 cases were pT 3-pT 4. 9 cases had unknown tumor differentiation, 3 cases had well differentiated, and 5 cases had moderately differentiated, 3 cases had poorly differentiated. In the urachal adenocarcinoma group, 3 cases received chemotherapy, 1 case received postradiotherapy, 11 cases received postoperative perfusion; 10 cases had recurrence. 5 cases had lymph node metastasis, 4 cases had distant metastasis, 6 cases were pT x, 21 cases were pT 1-pT 2 and 5 cases were pT 3-pT 4. 14 cases had unknown tumor differentiation, 8 cases had moderately differentiated and 10 cases had poorly differentiated.The postoperative general data of the three groups of tissue types were compared. There was statistically significant difference between whether there was postoperative perfusion and whether there was distant metastasis (all P<0.05). The univariate analysis results showed gender, age, surgical method, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, pT staging, tumor differentiation and histological type were risk factors that affect the prognosis(all P<0.05). Cox multivariate analysis showed that women ( HR=2.604, P=0.032) and distant metastases ( HR=2.571, P=0.026) were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients. Conclusions:SqCC and adenocarcinoma are clinically rare and have poor prognosis. They often present with hematuria. Surgical treatment is the first choice. Radical cystectomy is the first choice for SqCC and non-urachal adenocarcinoma, and extended partial cystectomy is the first choice for urachal adenocarcinoma. Female and distant metastasis are independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients.

Objective: To investigate effects of functional training on physical and cognitive function in 4-5 years old children, so as to provide a reference for the research on development of children s physical and cognitive functions. Methods: The 173 participants aged 4-5 were enrolled from 6 kindergartens in Xicheng District, Beijing and were divided into experimental (n=94) and control groups (n=79) by randomized digital tables. The experimental group were asked to receive a 18 week special designed functional movement training, which were not performed to the control group. The two groups were tested with physical and cognitive assessments before and after the intervention, and the results were compared pre/post in individual group and between groups with t tests. Results: Compared with control group, the score of standing long jump among children in the experimental group was improved by 5.72%, and that of feet jump was improved by 23.79%, that of 10-meter-shuttle run was improved by 13.95%, that of simple reaction was by 20.34%, and that of attention was by 18.96%, and all the improvement was of statistical significance(t=-2.75, 6.68, 10.79, 5.07, 4.32, P<0.01). Conclusion Both physical and cognitive functions were enhanced by the functional physical training in 4-5 year-old children.

Balancing the risks and benefits of organophosphate pesticides(OPs)on human and environmental health relies partly on their accurate measurement.A highly sensitive fluorescence anti-quenching multi-residue bio-barcode immunoassay was developed to detect OPs(triazophos,parathion,and chlorpyrifos)in apples,turnips,cabbages,and rice.Gold nanoparticles were functionalized with monoclonal antibodies against the tested OPs.DNA oligonucleotides were complementarily hybridized with an RNA fluorescent label for signal amplification.The detection signals were generated by DNA-RNA hybridization and ribonuclease H dissociation of the fluorophore.The resulting fluorescence signal en-ables multiplexed quantification of triazophos,parathion,and chlorpyrifos residues over the concen-tration range of 0.01-25,0.01-50,and 0.1-50 ng/mL with limits of detection of 0.014,0.011,and 0.126 ng/mL,respectively.The mean recovery ranged between 80.3％and 110.8％with relative standard deviations of 7.3％-17.6％,which correlate well with results obtained by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS).The proposed bio-barcode immunoassay is stable,reproducible and reliable,and is able to detect low residual levels of multi-residue OPs in agricultural products.

To observe the clinical efficacy of dopamine modulator methylphenidate (MPH) of extended-release formulations (MPH-ER) augmentation of ongoing fluvoxamine treatment in refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and its effects on patient's anxiety and sleep quality.
 Methods: A pilot randomized, placebo-controlled, and double-blind trial was conducted at an outpatient, single-center academic setting. Participants included 44 adults with serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment-refractory OCD and they received a stable fluvoxamine pharmacotherapy with Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) scores higher than 20. The 44 patients were randomly assigned into a study group and a control group, with 22 patiencs in each group. Fluvoxamine and MPH-ER were given to the study group, while fluvoxamine and placebo were given to the control group, with 8 weeks of the treatment course. Y-BOCS, Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were used to assess the efficacy, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate the sleep quality, and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) was used to evaluate the side effects. Data were analyzed in the intention-to-treat sample.
 Results: The improvement in the Y-BOCS total score, Y-BOCS obsession subscale score and HAMA score were more prominent in the study group than those in the control group (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in PSQI score and TESS score between the two groups. MPH-ER was well tolerated.
 Conclusion: Fluvoxamine combined with MPH-ER is effective in the treatment of refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. It can improve anxiety and has no adverse effect on sleep quality.
Adult ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Fluvoxamine ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Methylphenidate ; therapeutic use ; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder ; drug therapy ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Treatment Outcome