From Aug 2014 to July 2015, researches in the field of gonadal diseases have achieved rapid advances with image technology, the technology of biochemistry, and molecular biotechnology progressing. Considerable literatures concerning the pathogenesis, gene and clinical diagnosis, and treatment of gonadal diseases have been published. We reviewed and analyzed some more instructive literatures for clinical practice, proposed some suggestions, and the work plans for the clinicians.

Objective To observe the effect of relative humidity on indoor concentrations of formaldehyde and ammonia. Methods 12 currently decorated rooms were randomly divided into 3 groups, 4 rooms involved in each, in which the average relative humidity of rooms were 55%,65% and 75% respectively. The concentrations of formaldehyde, ammonia were monitored every two days for 9 consecutive days according to GB/T18204.26 -2000 and GB/T18204.25-2000. Results The concentrations of formaldehyde and ammonia decreased gradually with the prolongation of the experimental period. The concentrations of formaldehyde in the rooms of 55%,65% and 75% relative humidity groups decreased significantly after the 5th, 3rd, 3rd day of the experiment compared with those in the same group at the 1st day of the experiment respectively(P

Objective To understand Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome(SARS)better and accumulate more experience of preventing and treating this disease. Methods 63 cases of SARS patients diagnosed during March and May of 2003 were studied by retrospective. Results The average age of patients was(35.1?14.4) years old. Among them, 36 patients had the histories of closing contact with diagonosed patients and 22 patients showed infectious links. There were 3 medical staff patients infected. The average incubations period was (6.2?3.1) days and the SARS epidemic pick in Taiyuan is on April of 2003. People between 20～40 years old had the highest incidence. The most common symptom is fever. The second is dry cough. Most of the patients with SARS had normal or lower white blood counts than normal. The chest radiographs showed infiltration signs such as ground-glass opacities, focal consolidation or pathy consolidation within one week after being ill. The Average period of beginning absorption of the infiltration on chest radiograph is (11.6?5.9) days and the average period of completely resolution is (22.9?6.7) days after being admitted in hospital. There were 14 cases of severe type and 6 patients died of ARDS among 63 patients. Conclusions SARS patients showed obvious infectious link. Therefore it supports the view that SARS is mainly conmmunicated by close air droplets. The main characteristics of SARS are fever, normal or lower white blood cells counts and abnormal chest radiographs.

Objective:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of gabapentin and the related substances in gabapentin capsules. Methods:A Kromasil C8 column (250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5μm)was used. The mobile phase was methanol-0. 01 mol·L-1 po-tassium dihydrogen phosphate solution (adjusting pH to 6. 9 with 2 mol·L-1 potassium hydroxide) (40∶60). The detection wave-length was 210 nm. The column temperature was 40℃ and the injection volume was 20μl. The main component and the known impuri-ty were determined by an external standard method. The unknown impurities were determined by a self-control method. Results: The calibration curve of gabapentin was linear within the range of 2.5-20.0 mg·ml-1(r=0.999 9). The average sample recovery was 100. 74% with RSD of 0. 24%(n=5). Conclusion:The method is simple, accurate,specific and applicable in the determination of gabapentin and the related substances in gabapentin capsules.

Ulnar styloid fractures are commonly associated with distal radius fractures.It remains a surgical dilemma whether to fix the ulnar styloid or not.Some surgeons believe that management of the ulnar styloid fractures is imperative while others feel that they should be managed conservatively.Several clinical studies have concluded that the ulnar styloid fractures have no impact on the anatomic,radiographic,or functional results when accompanied with a distal radius fracture.Others have found they are associated with distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability,concomitant triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) tear,decreased range of motion,or decreased grip strength in the affected wrist.The purpose of this review was to evaluate the effect of associated ulnar styloid fractures on the distal radius fractures and to discuss the treatment of ulnar styloid fractures.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of Aciclovir cream. METHODS:Centrifugal parti-tion chromatography(CPC)was conducted. The solvent system was hexane-acetonitrile-water(2∶1∶1,V/V/V),the injection vehicle was an aqueous solution of 5%Tween 80 and the volume was 1.0 ml;the flow rate was 5 ml/min;the wavelength was 254 nm. RE-SULTS:There was a good linear relationship between quality concentration and peak area in the range of 0.012 7-0.126 7 mg/ml (r=0.998 7). The RSD of precision,stability and reproducibility tests was all no more than 2.0% and the average recovery was 97.34%(RSD=0.90%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is with high precision and accuracy,and can be used for the content determination of principal components of Aciclovir cream.

OBJECTIVE:To provide ideas for revise and improve the standard and related method of the quality control of ben-zalkonium chloride in Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition,Ⅱ). METHODS:The standards and related methods of the quality control of benzalkonium chloride in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015 edition,Ⅱ),British Pharmacopoeia(2013 edition),European Pharmacopoeia (7.0 edition) and United States Pharmacopoeia (36 edition) were comprehensively compared. RESULTS:Com-pared with Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015 edition,Ⅱ),the standards abroad provided the component and the ratio of the benzalko-nium chloride substituted homolog,the method for ammonia compound test had higher sensibility,it also added the test for benzyl alcohol,benzaldehyde and benzyl chloride impurity,as well as the component ratio test and average relative molecular mass calcu-lation. CONCLUSIONS:The standard and related method of the quality control of benzalkonium chloride in Chinese Pharmacopoe-ia(2015 edition,Ⅱ)still need to be further improved.

In view of the weakness of the teachers' strength, students' lack of interest and the lack of unity of teaching materials in the foreign language teaching, Oral Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University carried out the reform to the professional foreign language courses in the postgraduate education period by strengthening the preparation of special teaching materials, reinforcing teaching staff construction, reforming teaching methods and creating a learning environment. The results of teaching assessment by students and peer-reviewers show that reform has achieved good results, and aiming at the problems in the teaching practice we also put forward such improvement measures as strengthening the student-centered teaching method, promoting new teaching methods and optimizing curriculum assessment programs.

ObjectiveTo compare the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),computed tomography (CT) and radiography in the early detection of arthropathies of haemophilia.Methods Prospective studies of 21 joints in 11 patients were studied with X-ray,CT and MR examination. The 21 joints with haemophilia arthropathies were divided into three groups according to Pettersson scoring system.0 point were the first group,＜4 points were the second group,≥4 points were the third group.Abnormal imaging findings of osteoporosis,enlarge epiphysis,erosion of cartilage,irregular subchondral surface,narrowing of joints space,joint deformity,subchondral cyst formation,effusion/haemarthrosis of joint,synovial hypertrophy with haemosiderin,deformity of joints were used for all imaging comparison.The results were analysis with Chi-square test.To compare the first group,irregular subchondral surface and the number of subchondral cyst formation of all symptomatic joints were detected by CT and MR,the results were analysis with pair-sample t test.ResultsModerate and severe hemophilic joints were found in 80.95％ (17/21)of twenty-one symptomatic joints,and mild hemophilic joints were found in 19.05％ (4/21).The detected results were the same in enlarge epiphysis,narrowing of joints space,joint deformity in all joints by radiography,CT and MR.Significant difference in detection of irregular subchondral surface,subchondral cyst formation,effusion/haemarthrosis of joint,were found between radiography with either CT (x2 value 19.06,16.70,4.84,P ＜0.05 ) or MRI (x2 value 19.06,16.70,7.76,P ＜0.05),Significant difference in detection of the first group joint irregular subchondral surface and the subchondral cyst formation total number were found between CT and MR ( x2 =3.29,P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions MR and CT were superior in detection of the early abnormal changes in evaluating hemophilic arthropathies,however CT could detect more smaller irregular subchondral surface and subchondral cyst formation than MR.

Nitrogen source is one of the important factors that affect the microalgae growth and lipid accumulation. We studied the effects of various nitrogen sources (i.e. NaNO3, CO(NH2)2, NH4Cl and CH3COONH4) and amount on the growth density, lipid yield, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) content of Nannochloropsis oculata by single factor experimental method. The results show that N. oculata preferred NH4+ as nitrogen source rather than NO3- and CO(NH2)2. NH4+ could promote the growth and lipid accumulation of N. oculata. With the increase of nitrogen concentration, the biomass and the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) increased, but the content of lipid decreased. CH3COONH4 was the most suitable for growth, accumulation of lipid and EPA of N. oculata among the four investigated nitrogen sources. The optimal concentration was 5.29 mmol/L.
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ; metabolism ; Lipids ; biosynthesis ; isolation & purification ; Microalgae ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Nitrogen ; analysis ; metabolism ; Stramenopiles ; growth & development ; metabolism