In this paper,a method of solid-phase luminescence immunoassay(LIA)of human alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)is described.The IgG of horse anti-human AFP-IgG was labelled with 6[N-(4-aminobutyl)-N-enthyl]-amino 2,3-dihydrophthalazine 1,4-dione (ABEI).The sensitivity of the method was 6.25ng/ml.The intra and inter coefficientsof variation was 7.9% and 9.8% respectively.The value of AFP of 20 patients assayedby LIA was compared with that assayed by radioimmunoassay(RIA).Although,the datafrom LIA were lower than that assayed by RIA,the results obtained by two methodscorrelated fairly well with a correlation coefficient(r)of 0.95.

Respiratory tract infection is a common disease in childhood.Virus plays an important role in respiratory disease.With the progresses in molecular technologies in these years,newly discovered viruses have been identified including human metapneumovirus,human coronaviruses,human Bocavirus,polyomaviruses,new enterovirus and rhinovirus strains.These viruses have been identified to cause childhood respiratory infection.This review overviews the newly recognized respiratory viruses and seek to focus on their contribution to infection and co-infection in respiratory tract infection in childhood.

Blood transfusion in liver surgery still plays an important role.However,blood transfusions may cause immunosuppression recipients and hinder the body' s immune response against the tumor,promotes tumor metastasis and recurrence.How to resolve this contradiction? We must study and research the effects of allogeneic blood transfusion on liver cancer metastasis and recurrence after hepatic resection,and to find strategies to improve the liver cancer prognosis.

Network resources can exactly make up for it. Making good use of the search engine can expand extracurricular professional English learning for students;provide teachers with lesson plan-ning material and learners with the correct pronunciation of the vocabulary. Network digital repository offer students learning platform and PBL teaching in the QQ group can be tried. Electronic dictionary software helps to read the professional literature and E-mail is a convenient means of communication. These help to create language environment and enhance bilingual teaching effect.

Astrocyte elevated gene (AEG) -1 is cloned as a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -1-inducible and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-inducible transcript in primary human fetal astrocytes (PHFA) by a rapid subtraction hybridization approach. AEG-1 has been reported to be up-regulated in various types of human cancers. Multivariate analyses indicat that AEG-1 correlates with the ability of growth, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis and chemoresistance of tumors. AEG-1 over-expression activates the PI3K-Akt,nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathways in several crucial aspects of tumorprogression. AEG-1 represents a viable potential target for the therapy of human cancers.

Objective To investigate whether polymorphisms of apolipopretein D gene (APOD) have an effect on the risk for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (SAD).Methods Combination of polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and DNA sequencing technique to screen all exons (1-5),along with flanking exon-intron boundaries of the ApoD gene.We investigated the polymorphisms of ApoD in 256 SAD patients and 294 healthy controls from North China by PCR-RFLP technique.Association of every polymorphism with AD was analyzed in this case-control study.Results Two ApoD (rs5952 and rs1568566) polymorphisms were detected and there were significant differences in the genotype or allele frequencies for the 2 ApoD polymorphisms respectively between cases and controls.Logistic analysis showed that rs5952C or rs1568566T allele carrier increased the risk for SAD (rs5952 adjusted OR=1.817,95% CI 1.237--2.669,χ2=9.282,P=0.002 ; rs1568566 adjusted OR=1.563,95% CI 1.060-2.306,χ2=5.072,P=0.024).The APOD polymorphisms showed gender specific associations.The linkage disequilibrium of the 2 single nucleotide polymorphism loci was found between rs5952 and rs1568566 of ApoD.Conclusion Polymorphisms of rs5952 and rs1568566 in APOD might play an important role in modifying risk for SAD.

Digital technology is a hot spot in the orthopedic research in recent years.Computer-aided orthopaedic surgery is a kind of interdisciplinary and frontier technology,usually involving preoperative design and plan,virtual operation,intraoperative navigation and implementation.The application of computer-aided techniques in the treatment of proximal humeral fractures was summarized in this article.We intended to inform surgeons of the digital techniques which have been efficiently used in the clinic and improved the efficacy of PHF treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To optimize the supercritical CO2 extraction technology of volatile component from Tibet inual and Zingiber officianle. METHODS: The extraction technology was optimized by orthogonal experiment with the content of alantolactone and the yield of volatile oil as indexes while with extracting pressure, extracting temperature, extracting time and entrainer volume as factors. RESULTS: The optimal extraction technology was as follows: 225 mL entrainer was extracted at 40 ℃ with extracting pressure of 35 Mpa for 1 hour. CONCLUSION: The extraction technology is reasonable, practical and controllable for the industrial production.

AIM: To study the signal transduction pathway of apoptosis initiation induced by homoharringtonine in HL-60 cells. METHODS: After establishing the model of apoptosis initiation induced by homoharringtonine in HL-60 cells, at the point of apoptosis initiation, molecular caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax and Fas/FasL were measured with flow cytometry and transmission electron microscope. ERK2 and P38 expression in HL-60 cells were detected by using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The model of apoptosis initiation induced by homoharringtonine was established in HL-60 cells. At the point of apoptosis initiation, upregulation of caspase-3 and decrease in Bcl-2/Bax were observed. However, the expression of Fas/FasL did not significantly change. ERK2 expression decreased and P38 expression increased. CONCLUSIONS: Caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax and mitogen activated protein kinase pathways were involved in signal transduction of apoptosis initiation induced by homoharringtonine in HL-60 cells. [

Many studies have shown that the embolism caused by vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque is one of the major causes of ischemic stroke. However, there is still not a simple and precise method to identify the vulnerable plaques yet. This article reviews the various methods for detecting vulnerable plaques from the aspects of serology and imaging.