Since Epstein Barr virus was shown to encode microRNAs(miRNAs) in 2004, more than 470 miRNAs have been discovered in α-, β-, and γ-herpesviruses. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules and generally only have 18-25 nucleotides in length, which can regulate the expression of target genes by targeting its transcripts. Herpesvirus-encoded miRNAs not only target the key genes from latency to lytic replication, but also regulate various host cellular genes. Current data manifest that herpesvirus-encoded miRNAs can regulate viral latent infection and lytic replication, immune recognition, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the targets and their fuction of hepesvirus-encoded miRNAs, in order to provide theoretical support for further analysis herpesviral pathogenesis.
Animals ; Herpesviridae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Herpesviridae Infections ; virology ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the relationship of thyroid hormones and serum lipid profile during Pregnancy. Methods 30 cases of healthy pregnant women were recruited in the study. The thyrotropin (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and serum lipid profile were examined at 9 ~ 12, 14 ~ 17, 23 ~ 26 and 37 ~ 40 weeks of gestation and the correlations between them were analyzed. Results Positive correlation could be found between serum TSH and total cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TRIG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), ApolipoproteinA-I (APOA-I), ApolipoproteinB (APOB). Negative correlations could be found between serum FT3, FT4 and total cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TRIG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), ApolipoproteinA-I (APOA-I), ApolipoproteinB (APOB). And no correlation was found between serum thyroid hormones and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Conclusion The thyroid hormones were closely related to serum lipid profile except of HDL-C.

The dissolution rates of the cephalexin tablets made by five t actories in China were determined with rotating basket method. The dissolution constants Ki were calculated using single exponential method. The analysis of variance was carried out for Ki. The results showed that constants Ki of products from different factories were significantly different (p

Objective:To study the metabolism of high density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C ) and apolipoprotein A-Ⅰ( ApoA-Ⅰ) in different thyroid function status during pregnancy. Methods:This study re-cruited thirty cases of euthyroid, with nineteen cases of subclinical hypothyroid and eight cases of subclini-cal hyperthyroid pregnancy. The concentrations of fasting serum HDL-C and ApoA-Ⅰwere detected and ana-lyzed from 9-12, 14-17, 23-26, and 37-40 gestational weeks. Friedman repeated measures ANOVA on ranks was adopted to analyze the changes of serum HDL-C and ApoA-Ⅰat different stages. General line-ar model ( GLM) was adopted to analyze the differences of serum HDL-C and ApoA-Ⅰin different thyroid function status during pregnancy. Results:There were no significant differences of maternal serum HDL-C among different stages (χ2 =5. 428,P=0. 143,χ2 =2. 027,P=0. 567,χ2 =2. 885,P=0. 410). There were significant differences of serum ApoA-Ⅰduring euthyroid and subclinical hypothyroid pregnancies (χ2 =46. 343, P<0. 001,χ2 =35. 984, P<0. 001), and no significant difference during subclinical hyperthy-roid pregnancy (χ2 =6. 750, P=0. 080). There were significant differences of serum HDL-C and ApoA-Ⅰbetween euthyroid and subclinical hyperthyroid pregnancies (P=0. 025,P=0. 027), and no significant differences between euthyroid and subclinical hypothyroid pregnancies (P=0. 378,P=0. 549). Conclu-sion:Subclinical hyperthyroidism affected the metabolism of maternal serum HDL-C and ApoA-Ⅰ, which could affect the fetal growth and development. Subclinical hypothyroidism ( after treatment with drugs) had no obvious effect on the metabolism of maternal serum HDL-C and ApoA-Ⅰ.

Administration, Inhalation ; Ambroxol ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pneumonia ; drug therapy ; physiopathology

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of somatostatin and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) on Iks in pancreatic acini (RPA) by testing the change of slowly-activiting voltagedependent K+ channel current (Iks).Methods Pancreatic acini was isolated and its suspension was obtained.Iks values of different groups were recorded by an EPC10 patch clamp amplifier and the difference among the groups was compared.The groups were divided as followed:washing solution treated as control group,5 μmol/L or 20 μmol/L 293B groups,5 nmol/L secretin group,5 nmol/L secretin with somatostatin at 100 nmol/L or 10 nmol/L or 1 nmol/L groups,0.3 nmol/L 8Br-cAMP group,0.3 nmol/L 8Br-cAMP with 100 nmol/L somatostatin group,1 μmol/L acetylcholine group,1μmol/L acetylcholine with 100 nmol/L somatostatin group,5 nmol/L secretin with omeprazole at 10-5 mol/L or 10-6 mol/L or 10-7 mol/L groups,1 μmol/L acetylcholine with omeprazole at 10-5 mol/L or 10-6mol/L or 10-7 mol/L groups.Groups were compared by ANOVA,P ＜ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The resting membrane voltage of rat RPA was - (40 ± 0.8) mV,and when depolarization to +10 mV,Iks of control group was (420.0±3.2) pA.After treated with 5 μmol/L or 20 μmol/L 293B,Iks of RPA decreased to (60.4±4.2)％ and (30.2±3.1)％(F=6.87,P＜0.05) of control group.Stimulated with 5 nmol/L secretin,Iks increased to (823.0±2.2) pA,and after adding somatostatin at 100 nmol/L or 10 nmol/L or 1 nmol/L,Iks decreased to (510.0±3.2) pA,(584.0±2.8) pA and (789.0±6.9) pA respectively(F=5.67,P＜0.05),after adding omeprazole at 10-5mol/L or 10-6mol/L or 107mol/L,the peak of Iks was (806.5±3.6) pA,(814.8±3.2) pA and (816.3±2.9) pA (P＞0.05).After stimulated with 1 μmol/L acetylcholine,the peak value of Iks was (966.0± 3.2) pA,and after adding omeprazole at 10-5 mol/L or 10-6 mol/L or 107mol/L,the peak of Iks was (956.3±10.3) pA,(957.5±8.6) pA and (960.0±8.4) pA (P＞0.05).Conclusion Somatostatin can inhibit Iks opening,and there is no significant inhibition of PPI on this channel.

BACKGROUND: Geshu (BL 17) is one of eight influential points of blood, acting on tonifying blood, nourishing blood, activating blood circulation and resolving stasis.OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of Geshu (BL 17) on activating blood circulation and resolving stasis in blood stagnation syndrome with acupuncture.DESIGN: Randomized controlled and normal controlled observations were designed.SETTING: Union Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 65 cases of blood stagnation syndrome were selected from inpatients in Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Union Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.METHODS: Totally 65 cases were randomized into experiment group (33cases) and the control (32 cases). In the control, the patent Chinese drug,longxuejie was administrated orally for activating blood circulation and resolving stasis, 4 tablets/time, 3 times/day, 15 days made 1 course of treatment. In experiment group, Geshu (BL 17) was localized bilaterally; after routine sterilization on the points, a filiform needle, 25 mm in length was inserted and manipulated with even technique after arrival of qi for 5 minutes. In 15 minutes of needle retaining, the needle was manipulated for another 5 minutes and retained for 10 minutes, and then, the needle was withdrawn. The treatment was given once a day. Radioimmunoassay (RIA)was applied to determine the levels of 6-K-P and thromboxane B2 (TXB2)in plasma. Criteria on clinical therapeutic effects: Being cured is determined by slight red tongue, retarded and forceful pulse, disappearance of limb pain, skin and mucosal ecchymosis and dysmenorrhea, basic recovery of motor function in hemiplegia and disappearance of numbness. Being effective is by dark red tongue, slightly hesitant pulse, alleviation of limb pain, reducing of skin and mucosal ecchymosis, alleviation of dysmenorrhea, partial recovery of motor function in hemiplegia and alleviation of numbness. No effect is by none of any change of clinical symptoms in comparison before and after treatment.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Observation of therapeutic effects between two groups. ② Observation of plasma 6-K-P and TXB2 levels and 6-K-P/TXB2RESULTS: Totally 65 cases were all in the result analysis. ① Observation of therapeutic effects between two groups: The therapeutic effect in experiment group was higher remarkably than that in the control [be cured:(15,10); be effective: (13,11)]. ② Comparison of plasma 6-K-P levels: In experiment group, it was higher remarkably after treatment compared with that before treatment [(159.28±16.48), (117.25±16.47) μg/L, P ＜ 0.05]. In the control, it was higher remarkably after treatment compared with that before treatment [(133.51±13.97), (114.64±16.39) μg/L, P ＜ 0.05]. ③Comparison of plasma TXB2 level: In experiment group, it was lower remarkably after treatment compared with that before treatment [(98.21±11.38), (110.45±1067) μg/L, P ＜ 0.05]. In the control, it was lower remarkably after treatment compared with that before treatment [(101.15 ±12.14), (109.21±11.58) μg/L, P ＜ 0.05]. ④ Plasma 6-K-P/TXB2: In experiment group, it was higher remarkably after treatment compared with that before treatment (1.621±0.203, 1.101±0.316, P ＜ 0.05). In the control,it was higher remarkably after treatment compared with that before treatment (1.322±0.216, 1.234±0.305, P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Acupuncture on Geshu (BL 17) increases 6-K-P level and 6-K-P/TXB2 and reduces TXB2 level. It is explained that acupuncture on Geshu (BL 17) regulates imbalance of PGI2-TXA2 system in blood stagnation syndrome so that the blood circulation is activated and stasis is resolved.

Sharing medical data may reduce unnecessary repetitive studies and promote the cooperation between research groups.By analyzing the mature practices of some other countries,we proposed solutions to China's current problems in sharing medical research data,such as formulating sharing policies,strengthening platform construction and enhancing international cooperation.

Objective To isolate endophytic fungi from the rare medicinal plants ephedra, detect the production of ephedrine alkaloids, and explore the optimum fermentation conditions.Methods The endophytic fungi were isolated from the herbaceous stems treated.The ephedrine alkaloids were preliminarily detected by Dragendorff's reagent.The fungi strains producing ephedrine alkaloids were screened by HPLC method with reference substance of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine and methephedrine.After the optimum carbon source and nitrogen source were determined with total ephedrine alkaloids as evaluation indicators by HPLC, the orthogonal test of L16 (45) was designed to investigate five levels of carbon source amount, nitrogen source amount, pH value, temperature, fermentation time.Results The ephedra herbaceous stems endophytic fungus-Es2 mycelium extract after fermentation contained ephedrine, pseudoephedrine and methephedrine.Es3 mycelium extract containing pseudoephedrine after fermentation.Lactose and ammonium sulfate were as the most suitable carbon source and nitrogen source of Es2 fermentation to produce ephedrine alkaloids.Es produced the highest yield of ephedra alkaloids when the carbon source 30 g/L, nitrogen source 4 g/L, pH5.0, temperature 30℃, fermented for 8 days.Conclusion The ephedrine alkaloids of industrial production could be realized by microorganism fermentation method, which has very important significance to alleviate the ephedrine market demand pressure on the environment.

Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of different schemas in partients with contagious atypical pneumonia outbreaking in GuangZhou area.Methods Patient who were hospitalized in our ward from Feb,2003 to May,2003 were allocated to different groups according to the therapentic schema.To compare and analyse the efficacy.Results resnlts indicate that the effects of antivirus drugs of all groups have no difference.The use of glucocorticoid decreased the opportunity of mechanical ventilation and intubation.Conclusion Patients who have severe condition or present with adult respiratory dyspnea syndrome will relieve in pulmonary inflammatory bleeding at some degree if they get proper glucocorticoid and positive pressure nonivasive ventilation,the possibility of intubation and fatality will decrease