The determination of fraxetin A and fraxetin B in Cortex Fraxini have been carried out by HPLC on the stationary phase:octodecyl-silicohydride bonded silica gel column. The mobile phase was methanol-water(24:76). The detection wavelength was at 348nm. There was a good linear relationship in a concentration range of 16?g/ml~176?g/ml. The correlation coefficients were 0. 9995 and 0. 9994,respectively. The recovery of the added sample were 99. 1 ?1. 5% (n=5) for fraxetin A and 99.8?2. 5%(n=5) for fraxetin B. This method showed 0. 8% of within-day accuracy and 6. 2% of between-day accuracy,involving the advantages of simplicity,quickness and accuracy.

Objective To study the dynamic changes of serum concentration of soluble cell adhesion molecule (sCAM) in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.Methods Serum concentrations of sCAM in 30 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage were detected using ELISA method before surgery and at 1~3 d, 7~9 d and 11~13 d after surgery. Transcranial Doppler sonography was used to measure the velocity of middle cerebral artery (VMCA). The results were compared with 20 healthy controls.Results Serum concentrations of sCAM at 1~3 d and 7~9 d in patient group were significantly higher than that in control group (all P

With increasing demands and recognition, emergency medicine has advanced rapidly in China in recent decades. The education and training of professionals in this field are important for the further development of emergency medicine. With an attempt to investigate the way to strengthen residency training system in emergency medicine, this article reviews its potential development direction, training modes, learning materials, and quality control.
China ; Emergency Medicine ; education ; organization & administration ; Internship and Residency ; methods ; standards ; trends

Idebenone is a synthetic analogue of coenzyme Q10. As a potent antioxidant,idebenone operates under low oxygen tension situations, protects cell membranes and mitochondria from oxidative damage through inhibiting lipid peroxidation, thereby protects against cerebral ischemia and nervous system damage. Idebenone also interacts with the mitochondrial electron transport chain and maintains the formation of ATP under ischemic conditions. Because idebenone has a good tolerability and safety, it is expected as a neuroprotective agent for the treatment of acute ischernic stroke. Studies in recent years have showed that idebenone has a certain therapeutic effect in a variety of nervous system diseases involving mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress damage, such as mitochodrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, stroke-like episodes syndrome, Friedreich's ataxia, Alzheimer's diseases, Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. At present, some clinical trials in the mitochondria-related diseases and neuromuscular diseases are underway, and their results are expected to further expand the indications of idebenone.

ObjectiveTo investigate the development of apoptosis during ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury and acute rejection, and to explore the significance of apoptosis in the Graft Mesenteric Lymph Node (GALT) in a rat heterotopic small bowel transplant (SBT) model.MethodsSBT was performed in F344/N rats with either freshly harvested or preserved (4 h, in ringer lactate solution at 4 ℃) syngeneic and allogeneic (Wistar/A-F344/N) grafts. Bowel and GALT samples were collected 2 h after reperfusion and on small bowel transplant postoperative days (POD) 1, 4, and 7. Histopathology assessment of the graft and GALT were prepared for hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Apoptosis was detected by the TUNEL and the electron microscope. ResultsThe number of apoptotic cells 2 h after reperfusion increased profoundly in association with preservation. After a significant decrease on POD 1, the apoptotic cells rose again between POD 3 and 7 only in allogeneic grafts. On the other hand, the apoptotic cells in allogeneic GLAT markedly increased from POD 1 to day 3; at that time point, neither histological findings of rejection nor increase in apoptotic crypt cells were present in the graft jejunum. ConclusionIR injury and acute rejection may both induce extensive apoptosis. The graft jejunum distinct second increase in apoptosis may be an early and specific sign of acute rejection. Apoptosis of GLAT cells was well correlated with and ahead of progression of acute rejection.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic significance of the relative band power(RBP) of EEG in acute focal cerebral ischemia (AFCI). Methods EEG monitoring was performed in 20 patients with AFCI (51 lesions) in neurological intensive care unit (NICU) and 20 patients with normal EEG (control group) in NICU. The changes of bilateral RBP were observed and analyzed comparatively. RBP in the infarction group was compared with that in the control group. The diagnostic capabilities of all wave-band RBPs were assessed with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results AFCI shoved asymmetry on all the wave-band RBPs. The RBP of of δwave on the lesion side was significantly higher than that on the normal side (P <0.01). RBPs of α, β and θ waves were decreased significantly (P <0.05). RBP of δ wave in the infarction group was increased significantly compared to the control group (P < 0.01 ). RBPs of α and β waves were decreased significantly (P <0.01). The diagnostic accuracy of the RBP of α was the highest, and both β and δ waves also had significance for the diagnosis of AFCI. Conclusions RBP had an important significance for the early diagnosis of AFCI. Conclusions RBP had an important significance for the early diagnosis of AFCI.

Adult ; Autopsy ; Female ; Humans ; Insecticides ; poisoning ; Phosphines ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; pathology

Objective To investigate the effect of endoplasmic reticulum stress in hyperlipidemia rats with acute pancreatitis(AP).Methods Forty-eight SD rats were divided into AP group(n=18,in- duced by injection of 40?tg/kg caerulein in normal rats twice with 2 hrs interval),normal control(n=6), byperlipidemia group(n=6,fed with a high-fat diet for 8 weeks)and hyperlipidemia AP group(n=18,in- duced by injection of 40?g/kg caerulein in hyperlipidemia rats twice with 2 hrs interval).The rats were sacrificed at 9,12,24 hrs(6 of each),respectively.Serum level of amylase was tested and the pathologi- cal changes of the pancreatic tissues were observed.The index of pancreatic apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL method.The expression of GRP78/Bip(glucose regulated protein)protein was determined by immunochemistry,the endoplasmic reticulum stress related molecules of XBP-1 splicing(X box binding protein),CHOP/GADD153(C/EBP-homologous protein or growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible gene 153),caspase-12 were analyzed by RT-PCR.The dynamic expressions of GRP78/Bip and caspase- 12 were determine,d by Western blot.Results Artier 8 weeks of fat diet in hyperlipidemia rats,the ser- um levels of triglyceride[(0.99?0.38)mmol/L]and cholesterol[(3.17?0.18)mmol/L] were signifi- cantly increased(P

0.05].In 48 patients without lymph node metastasis,there was no significant difference between the OPN-positive and OPN-negative patients in survival times.Multivariate analysis revealed that survival times was associated with patients′sex(P=0.032)and TNM stage(P

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of tail hole needle combined with titanium cable tension band fixation for the treatment of patellar fracture.Methods Thirty-five patients with patella fracture were treated with the tail hole needle combined with titanium cable tension band fixation.Results All 35 patients were followed up for 6-24 months,average 11 months.The incisions were stage Ⅰ heal.Fractures were healed,the healing time was 4-10 weeks,average 6 weeks.The patients were evaluated according to the Bostman knee functional score standard:excellent in 30 cases,good in 5 cases,the excellent and good rate was 100％ (35/35).There was no complication such as fracture displacement,internal fixation loosening or fracture,infection of incision,etc.Conclusion The tail hole needle combined with titanium cable tension band fixation is simple,firm fixation,less complications and good functional recovery of knee joint for the treatment of patella fracture.