Objective To compare the prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban children in Chongqing city with 3 different refe-rences and find the appropriate reference for obesity-related study in children.Methods A cross-sectional study including 12 534 urban children aged 2-18 years old was performed.The data were selected from 3 districts in Chongqing city by multistage random cluster sampling.Children′s body height and weight were measured with unique method by trained doctors.Body mass index (BMI,kg/m2) was calculated for each child.Overweight and obese children were defined according to WHO weight-for-height reference values of urban children (1995,standard 1), International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) age-and gender-specific BMI cut-offs (2000,standard 2),and National Center for Health Statistics / Center for Disease Control and Prevention(NCHS/CDC)age-and gender-specific BMI cut-offs(2000,standard 3),respectively.Results The prevalence of overweight in all children was 13.0%,9.8%,and 9.8%,and the prevalence of obesity in all children was 9.8%,2.9%,and 6.0% by using the standard 1,standard 2 and standard 3,respectively,which showed significant differences between the references (Pa

Objective To discuss the difference of levels of serum and urinary iodine and thyroid function in painless thyroiditis patients and other thyroiditis patients.Methods The patients who were preliminary diagnosed as having higher level of serum thyroid hormone were divided into Graves' disease group,subacute thyroiditis group and painless thyroiditis group.Then all the patients were divided into another two groups according to the level of autoantibody.The value of serumal thyroid hormone and serumal iodine and urinary iodine were measured and the relationship between the groups and the value were observed.Results There was close relationship between serum T 3,T 4,urinary iodine and the types of thyrotoxicosis.Conclusion The morbidity of painless thyroiditis is not uncommon.Clinical situation,serumal iodine,urinary iodine and serumal thyroid hormone may be useful for clinical diagnosis and differential diagnosis of painless thyroiditis.

0.05),Glibenclamide(0.1?mol/L,1?mol/L,10?mol/L) increased cell′s apoptosis by2.35,2.71,2.94 folders(P

Objective To investigate improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of primary malignant tumor of the duodenum. Methods The clinical data of 54 patients with primary malignant tumor of the duodenum treated during a period of 6 years were analysed retrospectively. Results Tumors located in the first, second, third and fourth parts accounted for 6 cases(11.1%), 44 cases(81.5%), 2 cases(3.7%), and 2 cases(3.7%) respectively; and among them, ampullary tumor accounted for 38 cases(86.4%) of tumor of descending portion of duodenum and 70.4% of the total number of duodenal tumors. The main clinical presentation included jaundice, upper abdominal pain, weight loss, abdominal distention, and gastrointestinal obstruction. Upper abdominal pain, no positive signs and abdominal mass were found in 72.0%, 20.0% and 8.0% respectively on abdominal examination. Preoperative associated cholecystopathy accounted for 37.0%. The accuracy rate of duodenoscopy and ERCP in preoperative diagnosis was 94.4%, and 77.8% respectively. Preoperative diagnostic accuracy rate was 27.8%. Panceaticoduodenectomy was performed in 38 cases, duodenectonmy in 1 case, palliative resection of tumor in 9 cases, and tumor was inoperable in 6 cases. Radical resection rate was 72.2%. The postoperative 3- and 5-year survival rate was 40.6% and 21.9%, respectively. After palliative resection, death occurred from 1month to 24months. Conclusions The tumors in the ampullary region account for the majority of primary malignant tumors of the duodenum and are mainly adenocarcinoma. The symptoms of advanced stage are complicated, and specific signs on abdominal examination are few. Associated cholecystopathy is relatively ferquent and preoperative accurate diagnostic rate is low. The examinations of first choice are duodenoscopy and ERCP, and radical panceaticoduodenectomy can extend survival time.

With the boom of modern science and technology,traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has hardly converged on the surge.As a result,modern Chinese medicine has to press ahead with the reform and innovation of informatization for better inheritence and promotion of the essential of Chinese culture.In July,2012,the State Traditional Chinese Medicine Administration published the Twelfth Five Year Plan for Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization Construction,pointing out a new direction for the practitioners and institutions of Chinese medicine and bringing them both opportunities and challenges.Modern Chinese medicine should be more concerned with the integration of advanced information technology,mathematics,physics and other related disciplines for its pioneering innovation in the specific applications,such as the TCM objective treatments,informatization construction and education in TCM,and Chinese medicine database and digital publishing modes.

Objective: To study the relationship between plasma level of N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and ventricular diastolic dysfunction in elder hypertensive patients without target organ damage.
Methods: A total of 66 relevant patients treated in our hospital from 2012-03 to 2014-03 were studied. According to the standard of ventricular diastolic dysfunction, the patients were divided into 2 groups: Study group, n=27 patients with diastolic dysfunction and Control group, n=39 patients without diastolic dysfunction. The patients in Study group were further divided into 3 sub-groups based on Doppler classification of diastolic dysfunction:Grade 1, the patients with E/A<1.0, DT≥240 ms, IVRT>90 ms, n=8. Grade 2, the patients with E/A>1.5, DT (150-220) ms, IVRT<90 ms, n=13. Grade 3-4, the patients with E/A>1.5, DT≤150 ms, IVRT<70 ms, n=6. Plasma levels of NT-proBNP and Doppler ultrasound findings were compared to study the relationship between
NT-proBNP and ventricular diastolic dysfunction.
Results: Plasma level of NT-proBNP was higher in Study group than that in Control group. NT-proBNP level in Grade 3-4 sub-group was obviously higher than those in Grade 1 and Grade 2 sub-groups, NT-proBNP level in Grade 2 sub-group was higher than that in Grade 1 sub-group. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that NT-proBNP level was positively related to systolic blood pressure, diastolic function and E/E’ (r=0.211, P=0.037, r=0.442, P=0.004 and r=0.556, P=0.000), while negatively related to E’/A’ (r=-0.372, P=0.000).
Conclusion: The increased plasma level of NT-proBNP are highly support for ventricular diastolic dysfunction in elder hypertensive patients without target organ damage, NT-proBNP level is related to ventricular diastolic function.

This experiment was based on a full-length SAMDC sequence from the drought stress induced cDNA library of Cleistogenes songorica.Two methods,absolute quantification and relative quantification,were used to analyze the gene expression under different tissue and drought stress treatment by real-time quantitaive PCR experiments and were compared each other,while CsSAMDC gene was used as a case.Leaves and roots tissue were sampled from the plants at 0,4,6,8,and 10 d of drought stress and 1 and 4 d after rewatering.The 2-CT method was used to analyze the relative changes in gene expression from quantitative real-time PCR experiments.A standard curve was generated by the purified plasmid DNA.The primer concentration in the realtime PCR was optimized.All absolute quatification data were normalized by the normalization factor from the most stable house-keeping genes in C.songorica.Relative quantification results using 2-CT method showed that CsSAMDC transcripts increased 5.93?0.71 fold in roots,down regulated 0.62?0.13 fold in leaves,under drought stress.Absolute quantification results showed that CsSAMDC transcripts up-regulated in roots significantly under drought stress as 1ong as 8 to 1 0 days after drought stress,while down-regulated in both roots and leaves after drought stress within 6 days and 1 to 4 days after rewatering,compared with control.CsSAMDC transcipt showed similar tendency of gene expression compared by using relative and absolute quantification methods.

Objective To investigate the effects of C-terminal fragment of parathyroid hormonerelated protein (PTHrP107-139) on bone mineral density (BMD), bone histomorphometry and biomechanical properties in ovariectomized (OVX) rats and its effect on bone metabolism is also explored. Methods Forty 4-month old female Wistar rats in which 30 were ovariectomized and then divided into 3 groups: the placebo, the PTHrPC and the CT groups, the other 10 rats were Sham-operated as the control group (Sham). Five weeks later, the rats of PTHrPC and CT groups were subcutaneously injected with PTHrP107-139 (40 μg/kg) and Salmon Calcitonin (15 U/kg) respectively once every other day. The rats of the placebo and sham groups were injected with 0.2 ml saline once every other day. After treatment of 12 weeks, all rats were sacrificed and all samples were collected and analyzed. Results ① Compared with the placebo, the BMD and bone strength of PTHrPC and CT groups were significantly increased (P<0.05). ② Histomorphometry revealed that the tetracycline labeled bone surfaces, osteoid surfaces, mineral apposition rate and bone resorption rate were remarkably decreased in PTHrPC, and CT groups comparing with those of the placebo group. Conclusion Cter-minal PTHrP107-139 is effective in increasing the BMD, bone strength and quality when administered intermittently to ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic rats. Its increasing in bone quality may relate to reducing bone turnover and inhibiting resorption.

BACKGROUND: Learning and memory disorder exist in diabetic rats,which can be improved by APP 17-mer peptide. However, it is unclear whether learning and memory disorder in diabetes mellitus is caused by influencing neuronal mitochondrial transmembrane potentials and apoptosis in hippocampus or not and what is the related action mechanism of APP17-mer peptide.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of APP17-mer peptide on neuronal mitochondrial transmembrane potentials (△ψm) and apoptosis in hippocampal area of diabetic rats.DESIGN: A completely randomized, grouping and controlled trial.SETTING: Beijing Research Laboratory for Brain Aging, Beijing Xuanwu Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences; the Department of Endocrine, the First Central Hospital of Baoding.MATERIALS: The data measurement of the experiment was carried out in the Instrument Testing Center, the General Hospital of Chinese PLA between May 2002 and August 2002. The modeling and intervention of the experiment was carried out in the Animal Laboratory of Xuanwu Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences. Eighteen male Wistar rats were enrolled and randomized into control group, model group and APP17-mer peptide group with 6 rats in each group.METHODS: ① Diabetic models in the model and APP17-mer peptide groups were established by intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin (pH=4.4) in fasted rats(fasting for 12 hours). Three days later, modeling was successful if blood sugar level in caudal vein was more than 15 mmol/L. Rats in the control group were not subjected to modeling.Then, the rats in the APP17-mer peptide group were subjected to the subcutaneous injection of APP17-mer peptide (3.4 μg for each rat once) three times a week and totally for ten weeks, whereas rats in the other groups were given saline of the same volume. ② After ten weeks, rats were anesthetized and decapitated to take out brain tissues, and then hippocampal tissues were isolated in ice bath for preparation of single cell suspension.JC-1 labeled mitochondrial transmembrane potentials and cell apoptosis in hippocampal area were measured by means of flow cytometry. ③ One-way analysis of variance was adopted in the comparison among groups.RESULTS: Eighteen rats were involved in the results analysis. ①Neuronal mitochondrial transmembrane potential was lower in the model group as compared with the control group [(551.91±53.36) vs (809.88±82.41) △ψm,P＜0.01] while it was higher in the APP17-mer peptide group as compared with the model group [(705.99±89.92) vs (551.91±53.36) △ψm, P ＜ 0.05].There was no difference between the APP17-mer peptide group and control group (P=0.146). ②) Apoptotic percentage of single cell in hippocampus was significantly higher in the model group than in the control and APP17-mer peptide groups [(5.32±1.37)%, (1.03±0.55)%, (2.80±0.92)%, P＜0.01, 0.05].CONCLUSION: Neuronal mitochondrial transmembrane potential and cell apoptosis in hippocampus may be involved in the occurrence and development of diabetes mellitus, and APP17-mer peptide plays an improved role in the process.

AIM:To study the KIF21A gene mutation in a Han family with concomitant exotropia. ·METHODS: The genomic DNA of five family members was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes and amplified with PCR. The PCR products were purified for DNA sequencing. DNA sequences were aligned with the human KIF21A gene sequences registered in GenBank. · RESULTS: Mutation analysis of all exons of the pedigree's KIF21A gene reveals no gene mutation in any of the families. ·CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates that the KIF21A gene maybe is not virulence gene in this pedigree.