500 thousands people died from gastric cancer in China over 2015,shortage of clinical medicines and therapeutic methods is one of the reasons for the high mortality.Tumor immunotherapy is the hottest area of research over the past decade,whose success in hematological malignancies makes people raised their confidence to “cure” cancer.In recent years,gastric cancer immunotherapy research has made some achievements,while clinical outcomes still need improvement.In this paper, the progress of clinical research of common immunotherapeutic drugs and methods in several fields of gastric cancer research are reviewed to discuss the development prospects of immunotherapy for gastric cancer .

As a member of PARP superfamily, PARP3 shares a high homology with PARP1 and PARP2, which are all DNA-dependent enzymes that are catalytically activated by DNA strand breaks.Compared to PARP1 and PARP2, PARP3 exerted some special properties in tissue expression pattern and biological function.The evidence has shown that PARP3 could be activated by DNA double strand breaks and special DNA single strand breaks and synthesize mono(ADP-ribose) (MAR) covalently attached to target proteins including itself.PARP3 plays an important role in DNA double strand breaks, DNA single strand breaks, activation of PARP1 and development of nervous system.It has been reported that PARP3 is associated with glioma and breast cancers.In this review, PARP3 structure, activation mechanism, biological function and its relationship with diseases will be presented.

E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) is a major member of the E2F transcription factor family and participates in a wide range of physiological regulatory processes, such as cell cycle, survival, apoptosis, and metabolism. It is proved that the activity of E2F1 is related to the G1/S phase regulation of the cell cycle dependent on tumor suppressor retinoblastoma protein (RB). Recent studies have shown that E2F1 is highly expressed in prostate cancer cells, manifested as an oncogene, and its expression level is closely related to the occurrence, development, and poor clinical prognosis of prostate cancer. Androgen receptor (AR) is the main driving factor for the growth and progression of prostate cancer, and the changes of AR pathway play a key role in the pathological progression of prostate cancer. This article provide a systematic and comprehensive summary on recently published articles to review the role of the E2F1 pathway in prostate cancer.

Objective To establish a malignant pleural effusion model of Lewis lung cancer in C57BL/6 mice based on Micro Echo technology. Methods Single tumor cell suspension of Lewis lung cancer was injected into thoracic cavity.The pleural effusion was detected by Micro Echo technology.The volumes of effusion were quantified and the tumor cells were counted.Results After implanted of tumor cell, malignant pleural effusion can be detected by Micro Echo technology and observed after autopsy.Chemotherapy drugs such as Cyclophosphamide and Cisplatin can decrease the effusion volumes.Conclusion Pleural effusion model of Lewis lung cancer based on Micro Echo technology can be used to evaluate the efficacy of antitumor drugs.

Humans ; Mouth Diseases ; drug therapy ; Mouth Mucosa ; pathology ; Thalidomide ; therapeutic use

The progress in integrative medicine (IM) of coronary heart disease (CHD) in 2013 was summarized in this paper. Gratifying progress has taken place both in clinical studies and basic research of IM on CHD during 2013. We got some innovation in Chinese medical etiologies and pathogeneses of CHD. We also got some improvement in researches on Chinese medical syndromes in various fields. Many clinical studies have proved Chinese medicine and pharmacy is playing a role in preventing and improving CHD patients. In-depth basic researches on preventing and treating CHD by IM are gradually undergoing. Acting targets and mechanism are further clarified. Besides, we also pointed out the developing tendency of CHD researches and the current deficiency in CHD researches, hoping to provide reference for further studies in this field.
Coronary Disease ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine

Objective To investigate the correlation between helicobacter pylori infection and pathological characteristics of gastric mucosal in the elderly.Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted in 278 patients with benign upper gastrointestinal disease from January 2014 to June 2014.The patients were examined by endoscopy and 13C-UBT,and divided into elderly group (aged 60 years and over,n=111) and non-elderly group (aged＜60 years,n=167).The relationships between Hp infection and pathological changes in gastric mucosal tissue (severe chronic inflammation,neutrophil infiltration,lymph follicles,gastric gland atrophy,intestinal metaplasia) were analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in helicobacter pylori infection rate between the elderly group and non-elderly group [27.0％ (30/111) vs.36.5％ (61/167),P＞0.05].The rate of gastric gland atrophy was higher in elderly group than in non-elderly group [13.5％ (15/111) vs.6.0％ (10/167),P=0.028].The rates of severe chronic inflammation,neutrophil infiltration,lymph follicles,gland atrophy and intestinal metaplasia were 73.6％,70.3％,14.3％,18.7％,29.7％ in patients with helicobacter pylori infection,which were higher than those in patients without helicobacter pylori infection (19.8％,3.2％,0.5％,4.3％,8.6％,respectively,all P=0.000).Removing the factor of Hp infection,the rates of glands atrophy and intestinal metaplasia were higher in elderly group than in non-elderly group (8.6％ vs.0.9％,43.3％ vs.23.0％,P=0.013 and 0.045).Conclusions Helicobacter pylori infection correlates with severe chronic gastric mucosal inflammation,neutrophil infiltration,lymph follicles formation.Gland atrophy and intestinal metaplasia are related to the Hp infection,and age is also their influencing factor.

.7%and 88.6%.Conclusion IDUS after ERCP yields higher diagnostic accuracy for complex biliary and pancreatic diseases and it is also more dependable in differentiating benign tissues from malignant ones than ERCP alones

Objective To discuss the individualizing schedule of endovascular treatment for intracranial venous sinus thrombosis based on the clinical feature and the stage of the disease.Methods Forty-three patients diagnosed with intracranial venous sinus thrombosis in Xuanwu Hospital,Capital University of Medical Sciences and in Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University during period of August 2010 to August 2011 were treated with endovascular therapy designed individually based on the clinical stage of the disease development.Of all 43 cases,22 cases with acute onset (＜ 1 week after the onset) were treated with standard anticoagulant therapy ; 11 cases who failed to respond to anticoagulant therapy and 8 cases with subacute onset (1 week to 1 month) received intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombus maceration;and 13 cases with chronic course (＞ 1 month) were given mechanical thrombus maceration combined with balloon dilation vascular surgery or stent-assisted venous sinus surgery,with taking anticoagulant for 12months.The patients were followed up for 3 to 6 months (mean 4.5 months).Results Their symptoms and signs were all significantly improved,with headache relief in 29 cases(67.4％),vision improvement in 28cases (28/31,90.3％),cerebrospinal fluidpressure decrease to normal level in 32 cases(32/43,74.4％) ;no improvement in 1 case,and a complication of subdural hematoma in 1 case.Three months follow-up of 39 patients,symptoms disappeared,the pressure cerebrospinal fluid in 36 cases returned to normal (94.3％),the papilledema in 37 cases subsided (94.9％).After 6 months,16 patients were followed up with an angiography; 8 of them were found venous sinus clear,5 were found partial recanalization of venous sinus trunk,cortical veins and deep venous was partially compensation,and 3 cases with stent-assisted venous sinus surgery were found the stent not shifted or collapsed,and venous sinuses maintained patency.Conclusions Endovascular treatment for patients with intracranial venous sinus thrombosis should be treated with individually designed therapy based on their clinical features and the stage of the disease.The individualized treatment was effective and safe.

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) has emerged as a promising anticancer drug target due to its key role in the DNA repair process. It can polymerize ADP-ribose units on its substrate proteins which are involved in the regulation of DNA repair. In this work, a novel series of para-substituted 1-benzyl-quinazoline-2, 4 (1H, 3H)-diones was designed and synthesized, and the inhibitory activities against PARP-1 of compounds 7a-7e, 8a-8f, 9a-9c and 10a-10c were evaluated. Of all the tested compounds, nine compounds displayed inhibitory activities with IC50 values ranging from 4.6 to 39.2 micromol x L(-1). In order to predict the binding modes of the potent molecules, molecular docking was performed using CDOCKER algorithm, and that will facilitate to further develop more potent PARP-1 inhibitors with a quinazolinedione scaffold.