Administration, Intravaginal ; Adult ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Microwaves ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Uterine Cervical Erosion ; therapy

Objective To develop questionnaires to indentify research motivation and its related psychological factors for medical postgraduates.Methods The questionnaire was developed based on previous literature and case interview by using self-determination theory as the theoretical framework.Delphi method and stratified factor analysis were used to examine the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.Results The questionnaires included 2 sections:research motivation questionnaire and related psychological factors questionnaire.The Cranach's α of each questionnaire was 0.89 and 0.90 and test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.74 and 0.80.The content validity (CVI) of each questionnaire was 0.958 and 0.935,and stratified factor analysis demonstrated that the items of each dimension could account for more than 40％ of the accumulated variance.Conclusion The questionnaires have good reliability and validity and could be applied.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; genetics ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Leukemia ; physiopathology ; Male ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Vault Ribonucleoprotein Particles ; genetics

Objective To investigate the values of tCho concentration in early assessment therapeutic response of tumor to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with 1HMR spectroscopy. Methods Twenty patients with breast cancer were recruited. All patients underwent biopsy before neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery after chemotherapy. The pathologic results before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were compared. The patients were divided into effective response group (R) and ineffective response group (IR). MRS acquisitions were performed within 1 week before chemotherapy and within 3 week after the first cycle of chemotherapy, respectively. The tCho concentration was calculated quantitatively using external standard method. The tCho concentrations before and after chemotherapy and the tumor sizes between R group and IR group were compared using t test and nonparametrie test. The values of tCho concentration in early assessment of the effectiveness of chemotherapy were analyzed by ROC. Results Of 20 cases, 16 were included in R group and 4 in IR group. In R group, significant differences of tCho concentration (t=5. 040, P < 0. 01 ) existed between before and after chemotherapy [ (4. 24 ± 3.09 ), ( 1.13 ± 1.14 ) mmol/L ], while not in I R group [ ( 3.72 ± 2. 69), ( 3.06 ± 2. 21 ) mmol/L, t = 1. 785, P > 0. 05 ]. The median sizes of tumor between R and IR group had no significant differences (0. 00,0. 00 cm, U = 23.00, W = 33.00, P = 0. 437). The area under ROC curve of tCho concentration was 0. 984. Conclusion With in vivo 1HMRS, the tChn concentration in breast cancer can serve as an indicator for predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with relatively high sensitivity and specificity.

Steroidal saponins have a wide range of pharmacological effects and biological activities, such as anti-tumor, antifungal, hypoglycemic, immune regulation, insecticides, etc. In the last ten years, some new structures of steroidal saponins compounds were found from natural plants, they have some new and different activities. In order to accelerate the research on the drug innovation of steroidal saponins, we summarized the new progress of the research on such compounds.
Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; Antifungal Agents ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; pharmacology ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Steroids ; pharmacology

Objective To survey prevalence of behavior problems in children of off-farm workers and effects of family factors on children' s behavior problems.Methods The study was done in the whole 7 schools for off-farm workers' children in Shanghai Baoshan district,including all 3 ～ 6 grades students of primary school and 1 ～3 grades students of junior high school.Totally 4350 students finished survey (95.4％).Achenbach' s child behavior checklist ( CBCL,parent' s version) and general family questionnaire were used.Results ( 1 ) Prevalence of behavior problems in children was 11.2％ ; 12.8％ 12 ～ 16 years children had behavior problems( 14.7％boys and 10.4％ girls) ; 11.4％ of one-child children had behavior problems compared with that of 11.2％ child with siblings children ( x2 =0.038,P ＞ 0.05 ).(2) Total score ( 20.64 ± 17.67 ) and factor scores of thought problems,depressed,hyperactivity,delinquent rule-breaking behavior were higher than those of Chinese norm (P ＜0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ) among 6 ～ 11 years boy group.Total score ( 17.23 ± 14.73 ) and scores of thought problems,depressed,social problems,hyperactivity,delinquent rule-breaking behavior were higher than those of Chinese norm (P ＜ 0.01 ) among 6 ～ 11 years girl group.Among 12 ～ 16 years boy group,total score (20.44 ± 19.32) and all factor scores of CBCL were higher than those of Chinese norm(P＜0.01 ).Total score ( 17.02 ± 16.72) and scores of immature,delinquent rule-breaking behavior,brutality were higher than those of Chinese norm(P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜0.01 ) among 6 ～ 11 years girl group.(3)Multi-regression analysis showed that poor parent-child relationship was the most important predict factor for higher score of CBCL among all family risk factors (P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Children of the off-farm workers and their families need special mental health care program.

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of high-dose amiodarone administered by continuously intravenous infusion for cardioversion of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.Methods From 2008 to 2010,109 patients suffered from paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were treated with high-dose arniodarone (125 mg/h) administered by continuously intravenous infusion.Before cardioversion,patients were treated with low molecular weight heparin anticoagulant therapy,Laboratory tests on FT3,FT4,TSH,serum ions,etc,and coloured Doppler ultrasound imaging of heart,and ECG and blood pressure monitoring were carried out.Amiodarone hydrochloride injectio of 150 mg was mixed with sodium chloride 50 mL homogeneously,and then infused continuously by micro-pump in a rate of 41 mL/h until resume of sinus rhythm or infusion was kept up to 24 h.After successful cardioversion,as appropriate,the intravenous amiodarone was maintained in a rate of 0.5-1.0 mg/min for 6-12 h joined with oral amiodarone dosing,and the total dose was limited up to 3000 mg.Results A cohort of 104 (95.4％) patients had the restoration of sinus rhythm after cardioversion.The mean dose of amiodarone for cardioversion was (774.52 t 700.53) mg,and time required for cardioversion was (6.3 ± 5.55) hours.Conclusions The patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation are given high-dose amiodarone (125 mg/h) continuously intravenous infusion therapy and have high cardioversion success rate,less complications and side effects,as well as other advantages at the basic hospital.The method above has broad application prospects.

Objective To investigate the acute effect of dialysate calcium concentration on calcium balance and blood pressure(BP) of maintenance hemodialysis(MHD) patients with normal serum tCa,and to provide scien- tific basis for individualized calcium concentration dialysate formula.Methods For 4 weeks,dialysate with different calcium concentrations as DCa 1.25,DCa 1.5 and DCa 1.75 was used in 15 stable MHD patients.Arterial blood pressure was measured before and after each dialysis session,and every 30 minutes during hemodialysis session.Serum total calcium and ionized calcium were assessed before and after each dialysis session with different calcium concen- trations dialysate.Results With the DCa 1.2.5,BP,serum tCa and iCa decreased as compared with pre-dialysis val- ues(P

Objective　To observe some biological features of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and explore the best conditions for isolatin g and culturing in vitro. Methods　Common cell culture techn ique, light and electron microscopy were used to study the effects of the growth , proliferation, morphology of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in differe nt adherent time, concentration of serum and cell density. Results　The best culture condition in vitro for growth was 4-24 hours adherent time, 5%-10% fetal bovine serum, (4-8)×104/ml cell density. The cells were sp indle in shape and had a strong ability of proliferation. The time for cell duplication was 3 to 4 days. The cells showed the characteristics of stem cell s in electron microscope. Conclusion　The best condition for iso lation and culture of bone marrow mesemchymal stem cells was successfully establ ished and some biological features were obserred. It found a base for further in vestigation and using of mesenchymal stem cells.

Background Placement of an orbital implant is a main way to prevent orbital atrophy with aging.But its mechanism is under clear.Researchs showed that bone growth factors play important role during the development and repair of bone,especially transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1).Objective Present study was to investigate the expression of TGF-β1 protein in orbital bone after enucleation or enucleation with placement of an orbital implant and its function in the mechanisms of preventing and treating the orbital malformed development after enucleation with placement of an orbital implant.Methods Twenty-one age- and weight-matched New Zealand white young rabbits were randomly divided into the enucleation,implant and control groups,and each group including seven rabbits.Eyeball nucleation surgery was performed in the left eyes of 7 1-month-old rabbits,and a spherical orbital implant was inserted after enucleation of the left in matched rabbits in implant group.The left eye of normal rabbits served as controls.The rabbits were sacrificed in 1 month after surgery.The expression of TGF-β1 protein in the left orbital bone was detected using enzyme immunoassay and FITC labelling immunoassay technique in the sections of zygomatic bones.The content of TGF-β1 protein in the left orbital bone tissue was measured by ELISA method.This use of animals complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results The height and width of orbital in enucleation group were significantly lower than those of implant and normal control groups(height:P=0.00,P=0.00;width:P =0.00,P=0.00).The positive bone cells of both enzyme immunoassay and FITC staining were increased in the implant and control groups in comparison with enucleation group,but the positive response intensity for TGF-β1 was resembled between implant group and control group.ELISA result revealed that the content of TGF-β1 protein in bone tissue was significantly lower in the enucleation group than in implant and control groups(P=0.00,P=0.00).The expression and content of TGF-β1 protein in bone tissue is similar between the implant group and the control group(P=0.41). Conclusion The experiment results indicate that TGF-β1 protein participate in the orbital development.TGF-β1 played important role in the prevention and treatment of enucleation-induced orbital malformation in the eye with placement of an orbital implant.