Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Prostaglandins E ; therapeutic use ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Research Design

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; adverse effects ; methods ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Hematoma ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Thyroid Nodule ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo discuss the intervention effect of ligustrazine on ox-LDL-induced foam cells from the perspective of reverse cholesterol transport.

METHODRAW264.7 cultured in vitro was induced with 20 mg x L(-1) ox-LDL to establish the foam cell model, and intervened with ligustrazine. The lipid accumulation in cells was observed by the oil red O dyeing. The changes in total cholesterol and cholesterol ester in the cells were detected with the colorimetric method. The fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA expressions of PPARgamma, LXRalpha and ABCA1.

RESULTLigustrazine could reduce total cholesterol and cholesterol ester in foam cells, inhibit the lipid accumulation, and increase the mRNA and protein expressions of PPARgamma, LXRalpha and ABCA1.

CONCLUSIONLigustrazine can promote the reverse cholesterol transport by increasing the gene expressions of PPARgamma, LXRalpha and ABCA1.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Biological Transport ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cholesterol ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Foam Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Mice ; PPAR gamma ; genetics ; metabolism

CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza, Human ; immunology ; Male

OBJECTIVETo compare the antibacterial effect of Galla Chinensis with that of chlorhexidine by means of chemostat and provide experimental foundation for caries prevention with Chinese medicine instead of chemicals in future.

METHODA multispecies consortium biofilm (BF) model was construted in the chemostat. The growth-inhibition on bacterial biofilm coated on HA was investigated by means of the colony-forming units (CFU). Acid-inhibition was inspected by continual pH-recording in the flow cells. And the profile on the biofilm treated by both experimental medicines was observed with the scanning electromicroscopy (SEM).

RESULTBoth of the experimental medicines could inhibit the growth of the BF bacteria. And Galla Chinensis had no obvious influence on the ecological composing of the BF bacteria. Both of the experimental medicines could inhibit the acid producion of experimental bacteria. But the final pH of Galla Chinensis was lower than that of chlorhexidine. A typical biofilm formed on HA was observed by SEM. Both of Galla chinensis and chlorhexidine could inhibit the production of extracellular matrix and make the BF profile on the surface of the HA clearer and simpler.

CONCLUSIONGalla Chinensis had definite antibacterial effect. No obvious difference is found between Galla Chinensis (4 g x L(-1)) and chlorhexidine (0.5 g x L(-1)). Therefore, it is possible for Chinese medicine to gradually replace the chemical medicine in clinic and it will give a new choice for caries prevention.

Actinomyces ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Anti-Infective Agents, Local ; pharmacology ; Bacteria ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Biofilms ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Chlorhexidine ; pharmacology ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Insecta ; chemistry ; Materia Medica ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Streptococcus mutans ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Streptococcus sanguis ; drug effects ; growth & development

Thrombin is a multifunctional serine protease that plays a key role in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions. In addition to the role in hemostasis and coagulation, thrombin has other numerous biological activities affecting inflammation, immune responses, tissue repair and wound healing. Apart from its physiological role thrombin activates the oncogenic potential of both normal and malignant cells and leads a metastatic phenotype. It is a potent mitogen for many tumor cells. It potentiates the proliferative response of tumor cells to some growth factors, increases the adhesive properties to the platelets and invasion processes of tumor cells to the extracellular matrix, enhances the metastatic capacity of tumor cells, activates angiogenesis and remodels the microenvironment of the tumor. The cellular biological effects of thrombin are mediated at least in part by a new subfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors designated proteinase-activited receptors (PARs). Thrombin has a bilateral effect on tumor cells:enhanced growth at low concentration, impaired growth/apoptosis at higher concentration. In this papers, the biological function of thrombin, thrombin and tumors, and thrombin receptors etc were reviewed.
Animals ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms ; enzymology ; pathology ; Receptors, Thrombin ; physiology ; Thrombin ; physiology

PURPOSETo investigate the in vitro effect of short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against Nogo receptor (NgR) on neurite outgrowth under an inhibitory substrate of central nervous system (CNS) myelin.

METHODSThree siRNA sequences against NgR were designed and transfected into cerebellar granule cells (CGCs) to screen for the most effcient sequence of NgR siRNA by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunofluorescence staining. NgR siRNA sequence 1 was found the most efficient which was then transfected into the CGCs grown on CNS myelin substrate to observe its disinhibition for neurite outgrowth.

RESULTSCompared with the scrambled control sequence of siRNA, the NgR siRNA sequence 1 significantly decreased NgR mRNA level at 24 h and 48 h (p <0.05), which was recovered by 96 h after transfection. NgR immunoreactivity was also markedly reduced at 24 and 48 h after the transfection of siRNA sequence 1 compared with that before transfection (p<0.05). The NgR immunoreactivity was recovered after 72 h post-transfection. Moreover, the neurite outgrowth on the myelin substrate was greatly improved within 72 h after the transfection with siRNA sequence 1 compared with the scrambled sequence-transfected group or non-transfected group (p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONsiRNA-mediated knockdown of NgR expression contributes to neurite outgrowth in vitro.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Myelin Sheath ; physiology ; Neuronal Outgrowth ; physiology ; Nogo Receptor 1 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; physiology ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between compositions of hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome among residents aged > or =20 years.

METHODSA stratified cluster sampling was conducted with 7887 dwellers recruited and examinaed. Blood samples were then collected for serum detection. Available data was analyzed using SPSS 13.0.

RESULTSThe incidence rates of obesity, hypertension and hyperglycemia for hyperuricemia were 53.4% with OR = 2.568 (95% CI: 2.103-3.137), 38.8% with OR= 2.157 (95% CI: 1.856-2.508) and 21.9% with OR = 1.850 (95% CI: 1.552-2.205) respectively. Along with the increase of uric acid, body mass index changed the most followed by triglyceridemia. The change of hyperglycemia for men and cholesterol for women were not prominent. Conclusion The relationship between compositions of hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome was close, suggesting that hyperuricemia might serve as one of the compositions of metabolic syndrome and could contribute to the prevention and control of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperuricemia ; complications ; epidemiology ; Incidence ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome ; complications ; epidemiology ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical feature of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis and to investigate the advantage and disadvantage of all kind of surgery methods of TMJ ankylosis for supplying references to the treatment of TMJ ankylosis.

METHODSAetiology, sex, age at time of treatment, clinical features, radiographic findings, surgical treatment was reviewed and analyzed.

RESULTSTrauma (66.86%, n = 117) and infection (24.57%, n = 43) were the primary causes of TMJ ankylosis. The 10 approximately 19 years age group (44.57%, n =78) occupied the highest frequency in five age groups, one hundred and fourteen (65.14%, n = 114) of the patients presented with lateral ankylosis. They were carried out different surgery method according to their difference of age, aetiology, and so on.

CONCLUSIONSThe person at 10 approximately 19 years old had the more feasibility of TMJ ankylosis than others. Trauma was the commonest cause of ankylosis. Different surgical method should be choose according to the different patient.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Ankylosis ; surgery ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Osteotomy ; Retrospective Studies ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the risk factors of hyperuricemia among residents aged >/= 20 years.

METHODSA community based case-control study was conducted in 286 patients with 858 controls without hyperuricemia. Available data were analyzed by mono-factorial and multi-factorial logistic regression methods using SPSS 10.0 software.

RESULTS17 factors related to exposure were identified for hyperuricemia the mono-factorial analysis when; five factors were selected through multiple factoral logistic regression model at P = 0.05 level. The risk factors on hyperuricemia were: hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 3.069), alcohol consumption (OR = 2.032), obesity (OR = 1.802), taste of spicy food (OR = 1.877) and hyperglycemia (OR = 1.622).

CONCLUSIONHyperuricemia is a disease associated with environment and style-life. Changing lifestyle, such as decreasing alcohol consumption and adopting proper structure of diet may prevent or decrease the chance of getting hyperuricemia and gout.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alcohol Drinking ; adverse effects ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Diet ; Female ; Gout ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Hyperuricemia ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Life Style ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; complications ; Risk Factors ; Sampling Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires