OBJECTIVETo investigate the apoptosis and proliferation effect of matrine on human medulloblastoma cell line D341 in vitro and the effect of the expression of the related caspase 3 and caspase 9 proteins.

METHODSThe D341 cells were cultivated successfully in vitro. Then the cells were divided into 5 groups according to the concentration of matrine (0.5 mg/mI group, 1.0 mg/ml group, 1.5 mg/ml group, 2.0 mg/ml group and the control group was 0 mg/ml). All the experiments were repeated three times. The cell morphologic and structure change was observed with the optical microscope and the transmission electron microscope. The proliferation of D341 cell was analyzed using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. The expression of Caspase3 and Caspase9 was detected by Western blot.

RESULTSWith the effect of matrine, the proliferation inhibition rate gradually increased with drug concentrations increasing, and there was a significant difference (P < 0.01). The inhibitory effect of matrine on cell proliferation was different with the different treatment time, there was a significant difference between the 24 h to 72 h groups (P < 0.01). The apoptotic rate increased with matrine concentrations increasing. There were significant differences between the group of 0.5 mg/mI or 1.0 mg/mI to the group of 1.5 mg/mI or 2.0 mg/mI (P < 0.05). The apoptotic rate increased with the prolonged treatment time. There were significant differences between the group of 24 h or 48 h to the group of 72 h ( P < 0.05). With the increase of matrine concentration, the expression of Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 increased (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONMatrine induces the apoptosis, and inhibits the proliferation of human medulloblastoma D341 cells in vitro by up-regulation of the expression level of Caspase3, Caspase9.

Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Cerebellar Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Quinolizines ; pharmacology ; Up-Regulation

Humans ; Industry ; Metals ; Occupational Injuries ; United States

Objective To explore the cataract surgery quality on blindness prevention and postoperative problems in village in short period. Design Population-based survey. Participants 251 cases(254 eyes) received operation and 131 cases(134 eyes)were surveyed 6-month postoperatively. Methods Patients were examined 6-month after the small incision extracapsular cataract extraction and intra ocular lens(IOL) implantation. Examinations were conducted by a special oculist including far vision, near vision, external in- spection, anterior segment, posterior segment, intraocular pressure. Main Outcome Measures Visual acuity, intraocular pressure, diopter, eye complications of surgery. Results Naked far vision of the operated eye more than or equal to 0.3 was 41.8%, naked far vi- sion of the eye more than or equal to 0.05 was 82.8%; corrected far vision more than or equal to 0.3 was 64.2%, corrected far vision more than or equal to 0.05 was 92.3%. Naked near vision more than or equal to 0.1 was 79.9%, corrected near vision more than or e- qual to 0.1 was 85.8%. The main postoperative complications were ametropia, posterior capsule opacification(PCO), deformed pupil, pupil displacement, pigments of IOL, eccentric IOL and intraocular hypertension. The chief reasons of eyes that could not be recovered were vitreous, retina or optic nerve diseases, the key factors that caused living vision less than 0.3 were ametropia, PCO, the disease of vitreous, retina and optic nerve. Conclusions The serious complications affecting the surgery result are limited in a low range. The most important factors of the eye corrected far vision less than 0.05 are the vitreous, retina and optic nerve diseases. In order to improve the visual sight, we should add equipment to calculate the IOL diopter accurately.

Objective To analyse the characteristics of fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)of iatrogenic retinal vascular occlu- sion.Design Retrospective case series.Participants 9 eyes of 9 patients with iatrogenic retinal vascular occlusion and 16 eyes of 16 patients with non-iatrogenic retinal vascular occlusion in Beijing Tongren Hospital in 2002-2005.Methods All patients were examined with FFA.The difference of circulation time of retinal vessels both in iatrogenic and non-iatrogenic retinal vascular occlusion patients was compared.Main Outcome Measures The starting perfusion time and the finishing time of retinal artery or vein.Results In pa- tients with iatrogenic(4 cases)and non-iatrogenic(12 cases)central retinal artery occlusion,the finishing perfusion time was separately 79.33?87.04s and 19.20?4.61s; the finishing time of retinal vein was separately 128.07?149.11s and 33.16?15.34s.In iatrogenic(4 cas- es)and non-iatrogenic(4 cases)central retinal artery together with central retinal vein occlusion patients,the finishing perfusion time of retinal artery was separately 211.67?371.26s and 30.07?17.26s;the finishing perfusion time of retinal vein was 232.43?358.52s and 48. 81?11.64s.One patient was ocular artery occlusion.FFA showed that choroidal background fluorescence and central artery were perfused slowly,the vascular fluorescence perfusion was interrupted before it came out of optic disk and the perfusion interruption continued until late stage with extensive peripheral non-perfusion areas.Conclusion The perfusion time of the retinal artery and vein in iatrogenic reti- nal vascular occlusion may be much longer than that in non-iatrogenic retinal vascular occlusion.

Objective This study is to investigate the influences of USP7 on the cytobiological characteristics of laryngeal cancer cells by small interfering RNA (siRNA) interfering the USP7 expression in the laryngeal cancer cells .Methods The self‐de‐signed highly efficient siRNA was used to conduct the specific interference on USP7 expression in laryngeal cancer HEP2 cells . Then the influence on the capacity of cell proliferation and migration ,as well as apoptosise after USP7 interference were observed by using the CCK‐8 method ,Transwell chamber migration test and flow cytometry .Results The self‐designed siRNA could effi‐ciently inhibit the expression of USP7 mRNA in laryngeal cancer cells ,furthermore markedly suppressed the proliferation and mi‐gration of laryngeal cancer cells ,enhanced the cell apoptosis in laryngeal cancer HEP2 cells in vitro .Conclusion The siRNA inter‐fering USP7 can inhibit the proliferation and migration capacity of laryngeal cancer cells ,and promoted their apoptosis .

Objective To investigate the expression in the VEGF,TGF-?1 of cervical squamous car- cinoma infected by HPV16,18.Methods Cells exfoliated from cervix(collected by clinician)of 99 women with cervical cancer and 54 women as a control group were analyzed blindly by human papillomavirus type 16 and 18 Fluorescent Polymerase Reaction Diagnositic kit.The expression of VEGF,TGF-?1 of the positive HPV16,18 of 38 women with cervical squamous cancer were studied by immunohistochemical stain.Results The positive expression of HPV16,18 was observed in 53 in the case of cervical cancer with positive rates of 54 %,but the positive rates was 7 % in the control group(P

Objective To improve the knowledge and diagnostic ability of imagiology on neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) computed radiograph(CR).Methods The doubtful patients were done to photographs bedside using the high resolution imaging plate, 50 cases of newborn with NRDS were selected whose clinical diagnosed clearly and had been treated and had the complete CR image documents.The CR change and clinical characteristics were observed dynamically.Results Nine of 50 cases were combined with aspirated pneumonia,8 cases with infective pneumonia,3 cases with intra-alveolar hemorrage,and 2 cases with pneumothorax.Accoding to X-ray manifestations,all cases were divided into four stages:Ⅰ stage(n=5), Ⅱ stage(n=20),Ⅲ stage(n=22),Ⅳstage(n=3).Typical CR signs included:the pulmonary lucency decreasd,wide-ranging net and grain shadowes of high density, and in companing with a lot of air brunchus sing.Conclusions Computed radiography is the most important imaging method in diagnosis of NRDS bedside ,and shall be improved the ability of diagnosis and differential of NRDS combined with the clinic.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the trend of prevalence and major risk factors for diabetes between 1997 and 2009 in Shenzhen.

METHODSA total sample of 7956 and 8487 residents aged from 20 to 69 years were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling from two cross-sectional chronic diseases survey in Shenzhen in 1997 and 2009 respectively. The variation of prevalence between different age groups (divided into a 5-year age group) were compared. The effect of risk factors was evaluated by population attributable risk percentage (PARP), and time trend of PARP for risk factors were analyzed.

RESULTSCompared with that in 1997, the aged-adjusted prevalence of diabetes has increased from 3.85% (306/7956) to 5.21% (441/8487) in 2009 (χ(2) = 17.54, P < 0.001). The prevalence in age group 50 - 54, 60 - 64, and 65 - 69 years increased significantly from 7.88% (35/444), 8.55% (36/421) and 11.34 (33/291) to 12.09% (59/488), 14.63% (55/376) and 20.71% (70/338) respectively (χ(2) = 4.54, 7.25 and 10.01, P < 0.05). After controlling for age, the rates of abdominal obesity, family history of diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension increased from 21.56% (1715/7956), 4.39% (349/7956), 26.34% (2096/7956) and 11.53% (917/7956) to 31.88% (2706/8487), 12.84% (1090/8487), 41.38%(3512/8487) and 14.61% (1240/8487) respectively (χ(2) = 5.52, 14.83, 18.38 and 20.22, P < 0.01). For diabetes, the PARP of aging, dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity were 41.55%, 29.25% and 25.10% respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of diabetes in Shenzhen increases rapidly and more patients are found in younger age. The rise of diabetes was mainly attributed to aging and increasing exposures to risk factors.

Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

Background Monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) is a food flavour enhancer and its potential harmfulness to the heart remains controversial.We investigated whether MSG could induce cardiac arrhythmias and apoptosis via the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor.Methods Myocardial infarction (MI) was created by ligating the coronary artery and ventricular arrhythmias were monitored by electrocardiogram in the rat in vivo.Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were isolated and cultured.Cell viability was estimated by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-z-yl)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) assay.Calcium mobilization was monitored by confocal microscopy.Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was evaluated by acridine orange staining,flow cytometry,DNA laddering,reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting.Results MSG (i.v.) decreased the heart rate at 0.5 g/kg and serious bradycardia at 1.5 g/kg,but could not induce ventricular tachyarrhythmias in normal rats in vivo.In rats with acute MI in vivo,however,MSG (1.5 g/kg,i.v.) induced ventricular tachyarrhythmias and these arrhythmias could be prevented by blocking the AMPA and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors.Selectively activating the AMPA or NMDA receptor induced ventricular tachyarrhythmias in MI rats.At the cellular level,AMPA induced calcium mobilization,oxidative stress,mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in cultured cardiomyocytes,especially when the AMPA receptor desensitization were blocked by cyclothiazide.The above toxic cellular effects of AMPA were abolished by AMPA receptor blockade or by H2O2 scavengers.Conclusions MSG induces bradycardia in normal rats,but triggers lethal tachyarrhythmias in myocardial infarcted rats probably by hindering AMPA receptors.AMPA receptor overstimulation also induces cardiomyocyte apoptosis,which may facilitate arrhythmia.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of Bushen Zhuyun Decoction (BZD) on the reproductive capacity of mice.

METHODSTotally 60 female Kunming mice were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. BZD was perfused by gastric tube to mice in the experimental group, twice daily. Meanwhile, mice in the control group were administered with normal saline by gastrogavage. Mice were sacrificed on the 10th day and the 20th day of medication respectively, 15 mice each time in each group. The serum levels of estradiol and progesterone were detected by radioimmunoassay. The morphological changes of uterus and ovary were observed using HE staining. The expressions of leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and calcitionin (CT) were determined using immunohistochemical assay.

RESULTSCompared with the control group at the same time point, the weights of uterus and ovary increased, the serum levels of estradiol and progestogen increased, the expressions of LIF, CT, and EGF increased in the experimental group on the 10th day and the 20th day of medication (P <0.05, P <0.01). Better results were shown on the 20th day of medication (P <0.05). Histological results showed increased ovarian follicle numbers, increased endometrial gland numbers, endometrial hyperplasia (stratiform arranged), and increased stromal cells in the experimental group, especially on the 20th day of medication.

CONCLUSIONBZD could improve the reproductive capacity by advancing the development of generative organs, promoting the secretion of estradiol and progestogen and the follicular growth, and increasing the receptivity of endometrium.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Endometrium ; metabolism ; Estradiol ; metabolism ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Organ Size ; Ovary ; drug effects ; Progesterone ; metabolism ; Uterus ; drug effects