Humans ; Industry ; Metals ; Occupational Injuries ; United States

Thirty healthy women and 101 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were recruited. According to serum testosterone (T) level and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) ,the correlation of T and body mass index (BMI) with insulin resistance was analyzed. The results showed that there were 39. 8％ normal,24. 5％ overweight,and 35.7％ obese among 101 PCOS patients. However,there were no significantly differences in BMI, fasting plasma glucose ( FPG ), triglyceride ( TG ), total cholesterol ( TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ( LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ( HDL-C ), and HOMA-IR levels between PCOS patients with hyperandrogenemia ( T ≥ 0. 51 μg/L) and normal androgenemia ( T ＜ 0. 51 μg/L). BMI, FPG, TG, TC, and LDL-C levels were higher and HDL-C level was lower in patients with insulin resistance( HOMA-IR ≥ 2. 29 ) than in patients without insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR ＜ 2. 29, P＜0. 05 or P＜ 0. 01 ). Serum T levels were not significantly different between two groups. HOMA-IR was significantly correlated with BMI(P＜0. 01 ), not with serum T, suggesting that the gain of body weight is correlated with insulin resistance independent of serum T level.

Objective To study the changes of subgroups of peripheral blood T lymphocytes in the patients infected with the 2009 pandemic influenza A ( H1N1 ) virus of different severity type. Method A total of 66 patients infected by H1N1 evidenced by RT-PCR admitted from September 2009 to January 2010 were divided into three groups: mild type ( B group, n = 47 ), cured patients of severe and critical severe type ( C group, n = 14) and died patients ( D group, n =5), according to the severity and prognosis. A total of 20 healthy volunteers served as control group( A group). Peripheral blood lymphocyte count, CD3+,CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte count were detected by flow cytometry at the different time points. Fever duration and H1N1 virus negative time were compared. Statistical analysis were performed by using SAS version 9.13 software and the data were processed with ANOVA and SNK test. Results Lymphocyte count, CD3+,CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte count declined in the early period in all the groups, and there were significant differences compared with A group (P＜0. 05), while rised with the clinical progression in group B and C,and those of C group were lower than B group ( P ＜ 0.05 ), but those of D group were always low. Fever duration and H1N1 virus negative time were (4.4 ± 1.6) days vs. (4.4 ± 1. 4) days, ( 12.9 ± 3. 1 ) days vs.( 10.2 ± 2.6) days and ( 15.2 ± 7.3 ) days vs. ( 13.3 ± 2.9 ) days respectively, and there were significant differences among the three groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions The cellular immune function was seriously damaged when patients were infected with H1N1. Further more, the changes of lymphocyte count, CD3+ , CD4+and CD8+ T lymphocyte count were tightly related with the degree of severity and prognosis. These findings can be used for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the levels of secretions from the prostate and seminal vesicles and their association with the expressions of aquaporins (AQP) in the prostatic tissue and seminal vesicles of castrated rats.

METHODSWe randomly divided 18 eight-week-old male SD rats into a control, a castration, and a testosterone (T) replacement group. Four weeks after surgical castration, we detected the plasma T level and measured the volumes of the secretions and the expressions of AQPs 3, 7, and 10 - 12 in the prostate and seminal vesicles of the rats.

RESULTSThe plasma T level was significantly lower in the castrated models ([30. 98 ± 28. 84] ng/dl) than in the rats of the control ([700.78 ± 123.8] ng/dl) and T replacement groups ([688.08 ± 132. 47] ng/dl) (P <0. 05). The castration group, in comparison with the control and T replacement groups, showed remarkably reduced ratios of prostatic secretion volume / prostate weight ([11.1 ± 0.30] vs [2.32 ± 0.61] and [2.13 ± 0.56] %, P <0. 05) and seminal vesicle secretion volume / seminal vesicle weight ( [4. 78 ± 1. 97 ] vs [57. 36 ± 11. 86] and [55. 74 ± 7. 21] %, P < 0. 05). Immunohistochemistry revealed the expressions of AQPs 3 and 7 in the epithelial envelop and cytoplasm and that of AQP 11 the in endothelial envelop and cytoplasm of the prostate and seminal vesicles. Western blot exhibited significantly lower expressions of AQPs 3, 7, and 10 - 12 in the prostate and seminal vesicles of the castrated rats than in the animals of the control and T replacement groups (P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONSignificant decreases of the secretions from the prostate and seminal vesicles may be related to the reduced expressions of AQPs 3, 7, and 10 - 12 in the prostatic tissue and seminal vesicles in castrated rats.

Animals ; Aquaporins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Orchiectomy ; Prostate ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Seminal Vesicles ; metabolism ; Testosterone ; blood

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of virtual touch tissue quantification (VTQ) in the diagnosis of renal allograft fibrosis.Methods The renal allografts of 82 patients with biopsies or nephrectomy were assessed by virtual touch quantification.The renal allograft fibrosis was categorized according to the 2005 updated Banff criteria for a G0～G3 grade.All the results were compared among four groups.Results The mean SWV values in G0～G3 were (2.39 ± 0.31)m/s,(2.45 ± 0.34)m/s,(2.58 ± 0.18) m/s,(3.11 ± 0.40)m/s,respectively.There were no significant differences in the mean SWV value between G0 and G1 group,or between G1 and G2 group(P ＞0.05).There were significant differences in the mean SWV value between G0～G2 and G3 group,or between G0 and G2 group(P ＜0.05).Stiffness of renal allograft was significantly correlated to the mean SWV value (Spearman r =0.671,P ＜0.001).According to the area under the ROC curve,the sensitivity and specificity of SWV (area under ROC curve =0.847,cut-off=2.64 m/s) for grade ≥G2 was 78.9％ and 79.5％ respectively.Conclusions Stiffness measured by VTQ reflects the interstitial fibrosis in renal allograft.VTQ technique might be a new tool to identify patients with chronic allograft injury.

Objective To evaluate the value of quantitative analysis of contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in differentiating acute rejection(AR) from acute tubular necrosis(ATN) of transplant kidney. Methods Total of 67 kidney recipients were examined with conventional US and CEUS. Biopsies were performed in 37 patients, 26 patients were with AR, 11 with ATN, 30 patients as control group. The hemodynamic parameters (PSV and RI) were measured on infrarenal artery with conventional US, while CEUS quantitative analysis was performed on the cortex, pyramid and interlobar artery by time‐intensity curve (TIC). TIC parameters including rise time (RT ), time to peak (TTP), mean transit time (mTT ) were compared among three groups. In addition, the reproducibility of TIC parameters was evaluated. Results The RI in AR group was significantly higher than that in control group, but there were no significant differences of RI between AR and ATN groups. TIC parameters including RT, TTP were with high reproducibility (ICC> 0 7.5). Compared to the other two groups, the RT and TTP of the pyramid, ΔRTm‐c, and ΔTTPm‐c were significantly longer in AR group, the receiver operating curves (ROC) analysis demonstrated that ΔRTm‐c had the highest accuracy and RI had the lowest accuracy for detecting AR(areas under the curve were 0 7.86, 0 7.56, 0 7.49, 0 7.36 and 0 4.98, respectively). High sensitivity and specificity(78 3.% and 73 5.%, respectively) were shown when using 4 6.2 s as a cutoff point of ΔRTm‐c to diagnose AR. Conclusions Quantitative analysis of CEUS could detected the changes of the microcirculation perfusion in kidney grafts with AR and ATN, which might be superior in the diagnosis of AR compared with conventional US.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that arthroscopic al-inside technology for meniscus repair has achieved good outcomes, and arthroscopic suture combined with sodium hyaluronate has an important role in the cartilage repair. OBJECTIVE:To observe the therapeutic effect of arthroscopic al-inside suture repair combined with sodium hyaluronate injection in the repair of discoid meniscus tears. METHODS:Twenty-two patients with discoid meniscus injury were subjected to arthroscopic al-inside suture repair combined with sodium hyaluronate injection. Al cases were confirmed to have attached edge relaxation or longitudinal crack in operation. After repair, effective rehabilitation training was done. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The operations for the 22 cases were al successful and there was no complication. Al patients were fol owed up for over 18 months. According to Ikenchi’s method (Lysholm knee score criterion), 11 cases were rated excel ent, 8 were rated good, and 3 were rated fair, with an excel ent/good rate of 86.36%. It is demonstrated that the al-inside suture repair under the guide of arthroscopy in discoid meniscus cases can remain the most appropriate anatomical structure of the meniscus that can play an effective function, and has the advantage of minimal invasion. Arthroscopic al-inside suture repair combined with intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate and standard rehabilitation training result in a lower complication rate and effectively promotes the meniscus repair.

Objective To analyze the CT appearances with pathologic correlation and improve the recognition of pancreatic mucinous cystadenoma/cystadenocarcinoma.Methods CT findings in 20 patients with pathologically proven pancreatic mucinous cystic tumor were retrospectively and jointly reviewed by two observers blinded to the pathological results.All patients underwent precontrast and postcontrast helical CT.The number,size,location,and margins of the lesions were observed,along with wall thickness,septation,calcification witllin the lesions.and presence of mural nodules and their enhancement.The findings of malignant and benign tumors were compared.Results Twelve cases of mucinous cystadenoma.3 borderline cystadenomas and 5 cystadenocacinomas were included in this study.Sixteen tumors(16/20)were located at pancreatic body or tail.The findings of thick walsl,calcifications and mural nodules appeared in 4,2 and2 cases respectively in benign mucinous cystic tumors,while appeared in 7,5,and 5 cases respectively in malignant mucinous cystic tumom.Presence of tIlick walls.calcifications and mural nodules in the lesions were significantly associated with malignancy(P＜0.05).Conclusion CT manifestations of pancreatic mucinous neoplasm are variable,but has some specific radiographic features.A combination of CT findings is helpful ifl differentiation of malignant and benign pancreatic mucinous adenomas.

Aim To study relative bioavailablity of cefaclor effervescent tablets in healthy volunteers. Methods According to the crossover design, A volunteers were each orally given a single does of the 0.75 g cefaclor effervescent tablets and cefaclor capsules with an interval of 5 days between the two formulations.The plasma concentrations of the drug were determined by RP-HPLC.Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by ATPK programe,and calculated on the basis of open single compartment model.Results After a single oral dose, the peak levels in plasma averaged Cmax(31.27?5.81)?g?ml-1 and(30.56?5.25) ?g?ml-1 at (0.58?0.12)h and(0.73?0.17)h and AUC0～4(35.48?4.65) ?g?h?ml-1 and (35.89?2.90) ?g?h?ml-1 for tablet and capsule,respectively. Conclusion The result shows that two formulations are bioequivalence.