Clinical diagnosis and treatment of constipation lags behind relatively with unsatisfactory efficacy. Pathogeneses and molecular mechanisms for different types of constipation are waiting to be further clarified. New biomarkers and therapeutic targets for clinical diagnosis of constipation are so urgent. As for current problems in diagnosis and treatment of constipation, it is necessary to use the concept of translational medicine to break existing imprisonment of thinking, and find out new thinking ways of research methods, diagnosis and treatment approaches, thereby improving diagnosis and treatment levels.
Constipation ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Translational Medical Research

ObjectiveTo investigate the curative effect of the treatment for the distal humeral shaft fracture with double steel plate internal fixation. Methods A total of 60 individuals who were humeral shaft fractures were included from March 2009 to April 2014 in the second people's hospital of Yunnan province. 28 of them were treated using double plate fixation(group A)and 32 of them were treated using single-plate treatment (group B). Blood loss, hospital stay, postoperative drainage, healing time and Mayo elbow performance score were compared between the two groups. Results(1)Blood loss, hospital stay and postoperative drainage showed no differences between two groups. However, the healing time between these two groups showed difference(P < 0.05).(2)MEPS score results showed a significantly difference in the excellent rate of patients between groups A and B(96.4% and 75%, respectively,P < 0.05). Conclusion The double plate fixation and single plate fixation for treatment of humeral shaft fracture showed no differences in operation time,blood loss,postoperative drainage and hospital stay. However,the double plate fixation showed a shorter healing time and better efficacy. Thus,the double plate fixation of humeral shaft fracture can contribute to obtain the rigid internal fixation,early functional exercise and better clinical efficacy.

OBJECTIVE:To study the stability of Aloe gel under conditions of high and low temperature, high humidity and high light and to predicate its validity duration stored under room temperature. METHODS: The content of Polysaccharide in the gel was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method. Aloe gel was put under the conditions of high temperature, low temperature, high-relative humidity, and high light to investigate the changes in appearance, pH and content. The expiry term of Aloe gel was predicted by initial average rate method. RESULTS: The content was highly correlated to temperature, but it had little correlation with light and humidity. The validity duration for Aloe gel at room temperature (25 ℃) is expected to be 1 year. CONCLUSION: Aloe gel should be cool-stored under room temperature.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of XinShu parenteral solution (XSPS) on the activation of platelet, the activity of fibrinolysis system after intima denudation of rabbits.Methods20 male Japanese white rabbits (2.5±0.5)kg were randomly divided into the control group and XSPS group .The celiac arterial endothelium of all rabbits were denuded with balloon. Before the operation and 3d, 7d, after balloon denudation, vein blood samples were obtained from each group rabbits for measurement of α granule membrane protein of platelets(GMP-140), tissue-type plasminogen activator(t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-type Ⅰ(PAI-1).ResultsPlasma GMP-140 and PAI-1 activity obviously elevated after balloon injury, and there was a little elevation in plasma t-PA activity in control group. Activity of plasma GMP-140 in XSPS group remained bottom level after balloon injury, and there was a significant increase in plasma t-PA activity and a marked reduce in PAI-1 activity in XSPS group. There was a notable difference between group B and group C (P<0.05). ConclusionXSPS obviously inhibits platelet activation, and improves fibrinolysis activity after balloon injury.

Adult ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; pathology ; DNA Sequence, Unstable ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases ; genetics ; Neoplasm Invasiveness

Animals ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Ceramics ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Glass ; Humans ; Osteoblasts ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Osteogenesis ; drug effects

Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of children with lupus nephritis(LN).Methods Ninety-one children with LN were diagnosed from 1993 to 2005,according to the clinical literature and renal pathology and the data were retrospectively summarized.Results Within the cohort of 91 children,there were 69 females and 22 males(female to male ratio 3.1).Most of the sick children were at the school age ranging from 6.0 to 15.5 years old.Nephrotic syndrome(44.0%) was the most common clinical manifestation.Fifty-nine renal biopsies were performed.Class Ⅳ LN(59.3%) was the most frequent pathological findings."A full-house pattern" on immunofluorescence was found in 72.0% of biopsies.The clinical and pathological manifestations of some children were atypical.There were 3 patients characterized by predominant deposits of immunoglobulin M(IgM),1 patient with predominant deposits of IgA,and 2 children with pauci-immune LN.Three children with class Ⅱ LN in our study presented with nephrotic syndrome.LN was initially controlled by aggressive treatment in 93.7% of thse patients.Relapses of nephritis covered 27.1% of them,mostly caused by the intermittent treatment.Conclusions The clinical and pathological manifestations of LN were variable.Some atypical LN was considered to be associated with the distinct pathogenesis.Most of LN could be controlled by aggressive treatment.Long and regular treatment is necessary to improve the prognosis of LN.

OBJECTIVETo investigate how network education can improve college students' knowledge on sexual and reproductive health in Ningbo city.

METHODSFrom December 2012 to June 2013, we conducted a questionnaire investigation among college students in Ningbo city about the effects of network education on their knowledge about sexual psychology, sexual physiology, sexual ethics, and reproductive health.

RESULTSA total of 7 362 college students accomplished the investigation, of whom 2 483 (42.1% males and 57.9% females) received network education, while the other 4 879 (24.1% males and 75.9% females) did not. Approximately 47.1% of the male and 28.0% of the female students acquired sexual and reproductive knowledge via network education. Reproductive health-related network education significantly enriched the students' knowledge about the reproductive system and sex, pubertal development, sexual physiology, conception and embryonic development, methods of contraception, sexual psychology, sexually transmitted diseases and their prevention, pregnancy care and eugenics, and environment- and occupation-related reproductive health (P < 0.01). It also remarkably improved their cognitive attitude towards reproductive health knowledge (P < 0.01). Those who received reproductive health-related network education showed a significantly higher rate of masturbation (P < 0.01) but markedly later time of the first masturbation (P < 0.01) than those who did not.

CONCLUSIONNetwork education can enhance the effect of reproductive health education among college students and improve their sexual experience and health.

China ; Contraception ; Female ; Health Education ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Male ; Masturbation ; Pregnancy ; Reproduction ; Reproductive Health ; Sexual Behavior ; physiology ; psychology ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Universities

BACKGROUNDTumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α plays an important role in mediating inflammatory state in obesity and related disorders. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced TNF-α factor (LITAF) is recently verified as a regulator of TNF-α and other inflammatory cytokines, and maybe act as a transcriptional factor. The aim of this study was to confirm the association between LITAF and obesity and insulin resistance.

METHODSForty-seven subjects with a wide range of body mass index (BMI) were included. Subjects were divided into three groups according to the criteria of normal weight, overweight and obese. Anthropometrics and metabolic profile were tested for all the subjects. Peripheral monocytes were isolated and purified. LITAF transcription was detected by real time PCR, and the protein expression in whole cell and nucleus extracts was detected by Western blotting analysis; transcriptional activity of LITAF was detected by ELISA like assay using a probe containing the DNA binding sequence of LITAF. Plasma TNF-α and interleukin (IL)-6 concentrations were determined with ELISA kit.

RESULTSThe LITAF mRNA and protein expression in whole cell were higher in overweight (P < 0.05) and obese group (P < 0.05) compared with that in normal weight group. The LITAF protein expression in the nucleus and transcriptional activity could not be detected. LITAF protein expression was positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.541, P < 0.001), waist circumference (r = 0.391, P = 0.007), the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (r = 0.372, P = 0.011) and fasting insulin levels (r = 0.359, P = 0.013). As a regulator of inflammatory cytokines, LITAF protein expression was positively correlated with plasma TNF-α (r = 0.621, P = 0.002) and IL-6 (r = 0.407, P = 0.039) concentration. Multiple variant regression analysis indicated that BMI (P = 0.002) and waist circumference (P = 0.017) were independent predictors of LITAF protein expression.

CONCLUSIONSLITAF is associated with obesity and insulin resistance, as well as inflammatory cytokine secretion. The results indicate LITAF to be a new mediator between inflammation and the obesity related disorders.

Adult ; Anthropometry ; Blotting, Western ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; genetics ; physiology ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; metabolism ; Male ; Nuclear Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Obesity ; blood ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transcription Factors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

OBJECTIVE: To compare the symptoms and lower airway inflammatory factors of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), and to observe the effect of nasal irrigation in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. METHOD: Sixty-one cases diagnosed as AR after skin prick test (SPT)were selected and randomly divided into three groups: 17 patients in group A used nasal steroid spray; 21 cases in group B used nasal irrigation; 23 patients in group C combined ir rigation with nasal steroid. Before and after 3 months treatment, nasal visual analogue scale (VAS) score, rhino conjunctivtis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ) score, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) values were observed and compared in each group. RESULT: Before treatment, there is no statistically difference between three groups (P > 0.05). After 3 months of treatment, VAS, RQLQ, FENO of all patients was significantly decreased (P < 0.05); VAS, RQLQ score was not significantly different among the three groups (P > 0.05), FENO value has no statistically significant difference between group A and group B (P > 0.05), but were less than that in group C (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Nasal irrigation can ameliorate nasal symptoms, improve quality of life, decrease lower airway inflammation of allergic rhinitis patients. Nasal irrigation is an effective treatment of allergic rhinitis. Nasal irrigation combined with nasal steroid can achieve more significant efficacy.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Lavage ; Quality of Life ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult