As the medical college students are scattered to each practice hospital, the status of the secondary clinical medical colleges' education management to interns is weakened, and the problems and contradictions are becoming increasingly prominent. In the process of internship education management, through the establishment of the secondary medical colleges' interconnection management working mecha-nism, we can effectively solve the outstanding problems in the current internship edu-cation management, to achieve mutual trust between the secondary clinical medical college and the training hospital, and en-hance the effectiveness of the management of interns.

Adult ; Calcinosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Cysts ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Vessel Tumors ; pathology ; Mucocele ; pathology ; Parasitic Diseases ; pathology ; Spleen ; diagnostic imaging ; Splenectomy ; Splenic Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective: To explore the relationship between air pollutants and pediatric outpatient volumes in Baoshan District, Shanghai Municipality. Methods: Data of meteorological factors, air pollutants and pediatric outpatient volumes in four general hospitals were collected in Baoshan District from 2015 to 2019, and a generalized additive model was used to fit the Poisson-like distribution. The exposure-response relationship between fine particulate matter (PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3) and total pediatric outpatient volumes and pediatric respiratory outpatients. Results: The median of the average daily temperature and relative humidity were 18.7 (interquartile range, 14.4) ℃ and 74.5% (interquartile range, 18.0%) in Baoshan District from 2015 to 2019, respectively. The median of the average daily concentrations of PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and O3 were 35.0 (interquartile range, 35.0), 11.0 (interquartile range, 7.0), 45.0 (interquartile range, 31.8) and 84.5 (interquartile range, 50.0) μg/m3, respectively. The median of the average daily total and respiratory pediatric outpatient volumes were 680 (interquartile range, 246) and 392 (interquartile range, 253). Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that temperature, relative humidity, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and O3 were associated with total and respiratory pediatric outpatient volume (all P<0.05). Under the single pollutant model, the excess risk of total and respiratory pediatric outpatient volume due to PM2.5 (ER=0.318, 0.257), SO2 (ER=1.610, 2.546), and NO2 (ER=0.808, 0.839) reached the maximum effect on the same day, and the effect of O3 (ER=0.102, 0.222) reached its maximum at the first day of lag. Under the multi-pollutant model, after O3, SO2, NO2 and PM2.5 were introduced, a exposure-response relationship between air pollutants and total pediatric outpatient volumes was the largest on the sixth day after the lag (ER=0.419). There was no exposure-response relationship between air pollutants and respiratory pediatric outpatient volumes. Conclusion PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and O3 are associated with total and respiratory pediatric outpatient volumes, and the lag effects due to different air pollutants are different.

With the global development of medical information standard, construction work of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) information standard system has been promoted rapidly. The framework of ancient Chinese medical literature clinical terminology classification standardization is one of the foundations of TCM language system. Its research will further promote and perfect TCM information standard system. We have adhered to the connection among ancient TCM classification framework, modern TCM and western medicine classification framework. Exploration on framework construction of ancient Chinese medical literature clinical terminology classification standardization was based on previous work of Chinese medicine clinical terminology classification and code standard, reference frame structure of SNOMED CT, research findings of classification standard framework of Chinese medicine clinical terms, andQian Jin Fang.

Objective:To study the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) on metabolism of aflatoxin B_1(AFB_1) in Wistar rats. Methods:Seventy one Wistar rats were divided into three groups at random: group A (AFB_1 group), group B (AFB_1+EGb761 group), and group C (control group). The rats in groups A and B were given AFB_1(intraperitoneal injection, 100-200 μg/ kg body weight, 1-3 times/week). The rats in group B were fed the food containing EGb761 while the rats in groups A and C were given normal food. Blood samples were collected and liver biopsy was performed on the 14th, 28th and 42nd week. All the rats were sacrificed at the 64th week. The incidence of hepatoma was observed. The hepatic phase Ⅰ drug-metabolizing enzyme CYP450 and phase Ⅱ enzyme GST were detected by spectrometry. The serum AFB_1-lysine adduct was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The expression of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine(8-OHdG) was measured by immunohistochemistry. Results:The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in group B was significantly lower than that in group A (26.92% vs 76.00%,P<0.001). No hepatocellular carcinoma developed in group C. EGb761 had no effects on the activities of CYP450 and GST in rat liver tissues. The level of AFB_1-lysine adduct reached the peak (4 356.01 pg/mg albumin) at the 14th week in group A. EGb761 significantly inhibited the formation of AFB_1-lysine adducts in serum by 13.07% at the 14th week (P＝0.033), and 73.63% at the 42nd week (P＝0.002). The expression of 8-OHdG protein in rat liver tissues in group B was significantly lower than that in group A at the 28th, 42nd, and 64th week (P<0.05). Conclusion:The main mechanism underlying the effect of EGb761 in blocking hepatogenesis induced by AFB_1 may not be fully related with its influence on the activity of liver phase Ⅰ and phase Ⅱ metabolizing enzymes. EGb761 inhibites the production of AFB_1-lysine addcuts, decreases the expression of 8-OHdG protein, and finally alleviates the DNA oxidative injury, which may be one of the mechanisms for the effects of EGb761 in inhibiting or delaying hepatogenesis induced by AFB_1.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between Arg778Leu/Gln gene mutation spot in ATP7B and TCM Syndrome type in Chinese patients with Wilson disease (WD).

METHODSExon 8 of ATP7B of 90 WD patients and 30 healthy controls were amplified by PCR and analysed by restriction enzyme Msp I, the TCM Syndrome type of the patients was differentiated at the same time.

RESULTSIn the 90 WD patients, 34 with Arg778Leu/Gln of exon 8 were detected, among them 20 cases belonged to the TCM Syndrome type of endogenous Liver-Wind agitation.

CONCLUSIONOnset age of WD patients with Arg778Leu/Gln mutation is later than that without this mutation. Arg778Leu/Gln mutation might be related to the TCM Syndrome type of endogenous Liver-Wind agitation.

Adenosine Triphosphatases ; genetics ; Adolescent ; Arginine ; genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cation Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Child ; Copper-transporting ATPases ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Exons ; Female ; Hepatolenticular Degeneration ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; Leucine ; genetics ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phenotype ; Point Mutation

The medium and process parameters were optimized in batchaminoglycoside antibiotic JI-20A fennentation. The optimal medium consists mainly of comstarch 60g/L, peanut meal 30g/L, com slurry 8g/L, maltose 10g/L, inorganic compound and amylase moderate , methionin 1g/L and cobalt chloride 6?g/mL. It was significant to adjust medium pH after autoclaving and oxygenate the fennentation medium for the cell growth and JI-20A product.

Candida shehatae xyl1 gene and Pichia stipitis xyl2 gene were amplified by PCR and the xyl1 and xyl2 were both placed under the promoter GAL of vector pYES2 to produce the recombinant expression vector pYES2-P12. Subsequently the pYES2-P12 vector was transformed into S. cerevisiae YS58 by LiAc to produce the recombinant yeast YSS8-12. It was indicate that the recombinant yeast YSS8-12 could converse xylose to ethanol with the xylose consumption rate of 81. 3%.

Objective:To search the marker of micrometastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 65 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma,21 non HCC malignant tumors,22 chronic hepatitis B or cirrhosis,and 21 normal healthy volunteers.To identify hepatocellular carcinoma cells in peripheral blood, liver specific alpha fetoprotein(AFP)mRNA was amplified from total RNA extracted from whole blood by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (Nested RT PCR).Results:AFP mRNA was not detected in the normal healthy volunteers and patients with non HCC malignant tumors.The presence of AFP mRNA in patients with HCC(44/65,67.7%)was higher than those with chronic hepatitis B or cirrhosis(2/22,9.1%, P

Objective To explore the basic ingredients of the tree shrew’ s( Tupaia belangeri) milk and compare with the dairy ingredients of other milks.Methods We select ten seed tree shrews after delivery ( 1 ~21 ) d with lactation mother tree shrews, and use artificial passive breastfeeding method let the young tree shrews suck breast milk,we took the milk from the young tree shrews in the stomach, directly using aseptic operation with a syringe immediately, once every two days, for consecutive three to five times, and a total of 18 mL milk was taken from each seed tree shrew.Then the milk was detected according to the national standard method for component testing.Results The total solid content of the tree shrew’ s milk was 43.63%, including 26.01%of fat, 10.41%of protein, 0.45% of lactose and 0.99%of ash content.Compared with cow's milk, the tree shrew’ s milk contained 3.36 times of total solid contents, 1.24 times of ash, 2.74 times of protein, 6.67 times of fat, and 0.09 times of lactose.Compare with baby formula milk, the tree shrew’ s milk contained 1.44 times of total solid contents, 0.20 times of ash, 0.58 times of protein, 1.53 times of fat, and 0.06 times of lactose.The trace mineral composition of the tree shrew’ s milk showed that the calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium, and iron contents were 1.83 times, 2.73 times, 1.25 times, 1.93 times, 1.28 times, and 1.48 times higher than those in the cow's milk, and were 0.66 times, 0.85 times, 0.34 times, 0.26 times, 0.85 times, 0.24 times lower than those in baby formula milk.Conclusions The main nutrients of tree shrew’ s milk is of high fat, high protein and low sugar, and it can provide a basis for tree shrews artificial brood and breeding work.