Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Child ; Cysts ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epithelium ; pathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratin-19 ; metabolism ; Keratin-5 ; metabolism ; Keratin-6 ; metabolism ; Keratin-7 ; metabolism ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; surgery ; Reoperation ; Submandibular Gland ; surgery ; Submandibular Gland Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; metabolism

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein ; genetics ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Codon ; genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Fibromatosis, Aggressive ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; beta Catenin ; genetics

· AIM :To investigate the role of pericytes in growth of retinal microvascular endothelial cells with a co-culture system in order to understand some mechanism of angiogenesis in hypoxia induced retinal neovascular disorders.(RMECs) were isolated by a modified protocol using CD31 coated Dynabeads, and identified by immunocytochemical staining with anti-Factor Ⅷ and CD31 antibodies. Rat retinal pericytes were isolated and characterized by immunofluorescent staining with PDGFR-β; and desmin antibodies. Pericytes and RMECs were cultured in a contact co-culture system both under normoxia and hypoxia by Millicell chamber. RMECs proliferation was evaluated by MTT and cell cycle assay with flow cytometry. RT-PCR was used to detect the alteration of KDR/Flk-1 mRNA level in RMECs under normoxia or hypoxia in the co-culture system.harvested with the modified isolating method. The two cell types were identified by positive Factor Ⅷ, CD31 and PDGFR-β, desmin cytochemical staining respectively.RMECs proliferated significantly under hypoxia from 3 to 9d with a maximal rate on day 6 (24.9%, P ＜ 0.01) by MTT. In the co-culture system, the proliferation of RMECs was inhibited by pericytes. After 6d exposure to hypoxia,the fraction of S-phase RMECs number was greatly increased by 43.9% (P ＜ 0.01). In the co-culture system,RMECs proliferation was inhibited by pericytes through decreasing the fraction of S-phase cell number both under normoxia (3.6%, P＜0.05) and under hypoxia (15.1%,P＜0.01). KDR/Flk-1 mRNA level in single cultured RMECs was shown to increase approximately 1.3-fold when exposed to hypoxia. Compared with single cultured RMECs, co-culture with pericytes could decrease KDR/Flk-1 mRNA by 45.1% (P＜0.05) and 27.7% (P ＜ 0.05) under normoxia and hypoxia condition respectively.pericytes could inhibit proliferation of RMECs under both normoxia and hypoxia. The inhibition effects of pericytes maybe, at least in part, due to downregulation of KDR/Flk-1 of RMECs. These findings confirm that pericytes could be a potential inhibitor in the pathogenesis of retinal neovascularization.

Objective To assess apoptosis in congenital hydronephrosis and discuss its clinical significance. Methods Apoptosis was detected in 15 kidneys from children with congenital hydronephrosis (5 mild hydronephrosis, 5 moderate hydronephrosis and 5 severe hydronephrosis) using the electronmicroscope, in situ gap labeling of fragmented nuclear DNA and DNA fragmentation analysis.Results Apoptosis was seen in kidneys from children with congenital hydronephrosis. Margination of nuclear chrornatin was identified and rounded apoptotic bodies were seen. The mean apoptotic index was 0.0941 + 0.017 in severe hydronephrosis, 0.0325 + 0.0169 in moderate hydronephrosis, and 0.0021 +0.0031 in mild hydronephrosis. There was a significant difference between severe and moderate hydronephrosis (P=0.0005), as well as between moderate and mild hydronephrosis ( P = 0.0154).Moreover, with an increasing degree of hydronephrosis, the number of apoptotic cells also increased. Five kidneys with severe hydronephrosis and one kidney with moderate hydronephrosis showed typical apoptotic bands.Conclusion Apoptosis might participate in damaging kidneys in children with congenital hydronephrosis.

Objective To investigate the ways of recovery guidance for aged patients with vertigo. Methods 450 aged patients with vertigo were divided into two groups. Patients in the experimental group were those coming to our ENT outpatient department in the odd months and patients in the control group were those coming to our ENT outpatient department in the even months. The 234 patients in the experimental group were treated with recovery training of standing balance training, head-moving, visual balance training and psychological counseling. The 216 patients in the control group weren't given any guidanco of balance training but medical treatment and psychological counseling. Evaluations were conducted after the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months of treatment respectively. Results The relieving rate was 17.09%, 82.05% and 88.03% respectively in the experimental group and 2.78%, 26. 85% and 41.67% respectively in the control group after the 1st, 2rd, and 3th months of treatment(P < 0. 001 ). Condusions Standing balance training, head-moving, visual balance training and psychological counseling are effective in the treatment for aged patients with vertigo.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of liver.

METHODSThe clinical, radiologic, pathologic findings and follow-up data of 238 cases of FNH were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSThe patients included 93 females and 145 males. The age of the patients ranged from 11 to 77 years (median = 39.1 years). Amongst the 233 patients who had clinical information available, 188 were asymptomatic, 216 had no history of hepatitis B and/or C infection and 232 had negative serum alpha-fetoprotein level. Amongst the 185 patients who had undergone radiologic examination, 123 (66.5%) were accurately diagnosed as such. Macroscopically, of the 284 lesions from 238 patients, the average diameter was 3.7 cm. Two hundred and fifteen cases (90.3%) were solitary, 172 cases were located in the right lobe and 115(40.5%) had central stellate fibrotic scars or lobulated cut surface. Histologically, 229 lesions belonged to classic type and 9 lesions were of non-classic type. The latter was further classified as the telangiectatic form (6 lesions) and the mixed hyperplastic and adenomatous form (3 lesions). There was no evidence of significant cytologic atypia. Follow-up data were available in 173 patients (72.7%). None of them died of the disease and 2 patients suffered from relapses after 2 and 4 years, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSFNH is a hyperplastic response of normal liver cells to local blood flow anomalies. It has no obvious sex predilection and more than 66% can be diagnosed accurately with radiologic examination. The lesions in the current study show no cytologic atypia.

Adenoma, Liver Cell ; pathology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Focal Nodular Hyperplasia ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography ; Young Adult

Purpose To report a rare case of renal rhabdoid synovial sarcoma and review the literature,in order to improve the realization for this disease and reduce misdiagnosis.Method The clinicopathological data of 1 case rhabdoid renal synovial sarcoma were retrospectively analyzed.The tumors were examined by immunohistochemical of EnVision two-step staining and FISH,the related literatures were reviewed.Result A 31-year-old male patient accepted the right kidney radical operation in November 2014 after imaging examination of right kidney tumor.Microscopically,the tumor cells showed short spindle cells with rich cytoplasm and eosinophilic bodies in the cytoplasm.The pathological diagnosis is the renal rhabdoid tumor for this time.The patient was found a tumor between the liver and the diaphragm by imaging examination in October 2015.The second operation was carried out successfully.Microscopically,the tumor cells were spindle with little cytoplasm and without eosinophilic bodies in the cytoplasm.It was a typical synovial sarcoma in morphology for this time.Immunohistochemical staining showed positive for vimentin,EMA,CD56,and TLE1,SS18SSX fusion gene was disclosed in the primary and recurrent tumor cells,it was therefore corrected as rhabdoid synovial sarcoma for the primary tumor.Conclusion Renal rhabdoid synovial sarcoma is rare.Renal primary rhabdoid synovial sarcoma is easily misdiagnosed as renal rhabdoid tumor.The renal rhabdoid synovial sarcoma has broadened the differential diagnosis of renal rhabdoid tumors spectrum.Even for a tumor with typical rhabdoid morphology,molecular biology method for differential diagnosis is needed.SS18-SSX fusion gene is the basis for diagnosis of synovial sarcoma.

OBJECTIVEThe reporting of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) instrument development is vital for both researchers and clinicians to determine its validity, thus, we propose the Preferred Reporting Items for PRO Instrument Development (PRIPROID) to improve the quality of reports.

METHODSAbiding by the guidance published by the Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research (EQUATOR) Network, we had performed 6 steps for items development: identified the need for a guideline, performed a literature review, obtained funding for the guideline initiative, identified participants, conducted a Delphi exercise and generated a list of PRIPROID items for consideration at the face-to-face meeting.

RESULTSTwenty three items subheadings under 7 topics were included: title and structured abstract, rationale, objectives, intention, eligibility criteria, conceptual framework, items generation, response options, scoring, times, administrative modes, burden assessment, properties assessment, statistical methods, participants, main results, and additional analysis, summary of evidence, limitations, clinical attentions, and conclusions, item pools or final form, and funding.

CONCLUSIONSThe PRIPROID contains many elements of the PRO research, and this assists researchers to report their results more accurately and to a certain degree use this instrument to evaluate the quality of the research methods.

Humans ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Research Report ; Research Support as Topic ; Treatment Outcome

To construct a recombinant T7 phage expressing matrix protein 2 ectodomain (M2e) peptides of avian influenza A virus and test immunological and protective efficacy in the immunized SPF chickens. M2e gene sequence was obtained from Genbank and two copies of M2e gene were artificially synthesised, the M2e gene was then cloned into the T7 select 415-1b phage in the multiple cloning sites to construct the recombinant phage T7-M2e. The positive recombinant phage was identified by PCR and sequencing, and the expression of surface fusion protein was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western-blot. SPF chickens were subcutaneously injected with 1 X 10(10) pfu phage T7-M2e, sera samples were collected pre- and post-vaccination, and were tested for anti-M2e antibody by ELISA. The binding capacity of serum to virus was also examined by indirect immunofluorescence assay in virus- infected CEF. The immunized chickens were challenged with 200 EID50 of H9 type avian influenza virus and viral isolation rate was calculated to evaluate the immune protective efficacy. A recombinant T7 phage was obtained displaying M2e peptides of avian influenza A virus, and the fusion protein had favorable immunoreactivity. All chickens developed a certain amount of anti-M2e antibody which could specially bind to the viral particles. In addition, the protection efficacy of phage T7-M2e vaccine against H9 type avian influenza viruses was 4/5 (80%). These results indicate that the recombinant T7 phage displaying M2e peptides of avian influenza A virus has a great potential to be developed into a novel vaccine for the prevention of avian influenza infection.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Bacteriophage T7 ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Chickens ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral ; Immunization ; Influenza A virus ; genetics ; immunology ; Influenza Vaccines ; immunology ; Influenza in Birds ; immunology ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Peptides ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms ; Viral Matrix Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism

BACKGROUNDRemodeling of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft usually takes longer than expected. Gene therapy offers a radical different approach to remodeling of the graft. In this study, the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) sequence was used to construct a new recombinant adenovirus which permits co-expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFbeta1) and vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165) genes (named Ad-VEGF165-IRES-TGFbeta1). We investigated the effects of the new adenovirus on the migration of and matrix synthesis by ACL fibroblasts.

METHODSAdenoviral vector containing TGFbeta1 and VEGF165 genes was constructed. ACL fibroblasts were obtained from New Zealand white rabbits. After ACL fibroblasts were exposed to Ad-VEGF165-IRES-TGFbeta1, the expression of VEGF165 and TGFbeta1 proteins were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting analysis. Bioassay of VEGF165 and TGFbeta1 proteins were assessed by Western blotting analysis. Proliferation and migration of ACL fibroblasts were assessed by in vitro wound closure assay. Gene expression of collagen type I, collagen type III, and fibronectin mRNA among matrix markers were assessed by real-time PCR.

RESULTSThe results showed the successful construction of a recombinant co-expression adenovirus vector containing TGFbeta1 and VEGF165 genes. Co-expression of TGFbeta1 and VEGF165 can induce relatively rapid and continuous proliferation of ACL fibroblasts and high gene expression of collagen type I, collagen type III, and fibronectin mRNA among matrix markers.

CONCLUSIONCo-expression of TGFbeta1 and VEGF165 genes has more powerful and efficient effects on the migration of and matrix synthesis by ACL fibroblasts.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Animals ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; cytology ; metabolism ; Cell Movement ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen ; genetics ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases ; metabolism ; Fibroblasts ; physiology ; Fibronectins ; genetics ; Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Rabbits ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; Wound Healing