Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurofibroma ; pathology ; Pharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To study the interrelation between highly pathogenic avian influenza viral pneumonia(HPAIVP) and cellular factors interleukin-1?(IL-1?),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-8(IL-8)and tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) in HPAIVP.Me-thods Sixty Kunming mice were divided into 2 groups randomly:experiment group and control group,each group consisted of 30 mice.The highly pathogenic avian influenza virus was used to establish HPAIDP models.The expressions of serum IL-1?,IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-? in experiment group of different moment and control group were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Result The levels of serum IL-1?,IL-6 and TNF-? in experiment group were significantly higher than those in control group(Pa

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to investigate risk influencing factors of asthma for children in Suzhou City, China.

METHODSA survey of asthma was conducted on children aged 0 - 14 with or without asthma from September 2010 to April 2011 in Pingjiang district of Suzhou city. A total of 271 children diagnosed with asthma were considered as a case group, and 271 non-asthmatic children with the same age, sex and living region formed the control group. Risk factors were analyzed with χ(2) test and logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSAll children were Han. The case group was composed of 165 boys and 106 girls, so was the case group. The average age was (7.5 ± 2.3) years for the case group and (7.8 ± 2.9) years for the control group, which did not showed any significant difference (P > 0.05). Family history of allergy (OR = 10.624, 95%CI: 6.294 - 18.623), history of children's eczema (OR = 4.403, 95%CI: 8.627 - 29.632), history of allergic rhinitis (OR = 6.871, 95%CI: 7.658 - 31.871), passive smoking when baby was born (OR = 3.323, 95%CI: 3.541 - 11.634), mold contamination (OR = 1.837, 95%CI: 1.531 - 4.926) were the risk factors, and breast-feeding (OR = 0.513, 95%CI: 0.418 - 0.914) was the protective factor.

CONCLUSIONFamily history of allergy, history of children's eczema, history of allergic rhinitis, passive smoking, and old contamination are the risk factors, and breast-feeding is the protective factor.

Adolescent ; Asthma ; etiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Five flavone C-glycosides were isolated from the methanol extract of the degrease seeds of Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa though various column chromatography methods including silica gel, MPLC, and HPLC. The structures were elucidated as 6"-feruloyl- 6'''-vanillylspinosin(1), 6",6'"-diferuloylspinosin(2), spinosin(3), swertisin(4) and isoswertisin(5) based on the NMR and MS spectral data. 1 is a new compound.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Structure ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Ziziphus ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the occurrence of nocturnal myocardial ischemia and its relationship with sleep-disordered breathing (apneas and oxygen desaturations) in patients with angina pectoris undergoing coronary angiography.Methods Eighty-two men and 14 women referred for consideration of coronary intervention were randomly selected. Observation by an overnight sleep monitor and Holter recording were performed to study sleep-disordered breathing (oxyhemoglobin desaturations≥4％ and apnea-hypopneas),heart rates, and ST-segment depressions (≥ 1mm, ≥1 min).Results Nocturnal ST-segment depressions occurred in 37 ％ of the patients. ST-segment depression within 2 min after an apnea-hypopnea or desaturation occurred in 17％ of the patients. This temporal association was seen in 21％ of the patients with nocturnal ST-segment depressions, more frequently in men (P＜0.05) and more frequently in those with severe disordered breathing (P＜0.05).Most of these ST-segment depressions were preceded by a series of breathing events: repeated apnea-hypopneas or desaturations or both in 73％ of the patients. Conclusions Episodes of nocturnal myocardial ischemia are common in patients with angina pectoris. A temporal relationship between sleep-disordered breathing and myocardial ischemia was present in some of our patients, and occurs more frequently in men and in those with severely disordered breathing. (J Geriatr Cardiol 2004;1(2):90-94.)

Objective To observe the changes of plasma endothelin (ET), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and hemodynamics during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement surgery. Methods Sixteen patients underwent cardiac valve replacement surgery were investigated. Plasma endothelin, atrial natriuretic peptide were measured with radioimmunoassay. Results Before the anesthesia induction, plasma endothelin levels [(2.68±1.8)] pg/ml were not significantly different from that in the control group [(2.22±0.7) pg/ml] while atrial natriuretic peptide levels was significantly higher [(738±559) pg/ml vs (72.7±14.5 pg/ml, P<0.001)]. Plasma ET concentration was constant during CPB period. Plasma ANP levels gradually decreased after CPB started and returned to basal levels when CPB stopped. During and after CPB, SVRI was significantly lower compared with that preanesthesia. SVRI was positively correlated with Hct. Conclusions Plasma ET concentration does not significantly vary during CPB period. The decrease of plasma ANP levels can attribute to hemodilution, which also accounts for lowed SVRI.

Objective To observe the changes of plasma endothelin (ET), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and hemodynamics during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement surgery. Methods Sixteen patients underwent cardiac valve replacement surgery were investigated. Plasma endothelin, atrial natriuretic peptide were measured with radioimmunoassay. Results Before the anesthesia induction, plasma endothelin levels [(2.68±1.8)] pg/ml were not significantly different from that in the control group [(2.22±0.7) pg/ml] while atrial natriuretic peptide levels was significantly higher [(738±559) pg/ml vs (72.7±14.5 pg/ml, P<0.001)]. Plasma ET concentration was constant during CPB period. Plasma ANP levels gradually decreased after CPB started and returned to basal levels when CPB stopped. During and after CPB, SVRI was significantly lower compared with that preanesthesia. SVRI was positively correlated with Hct. Conclusions Plasma ET concentration does not significantly vary during CPB period. The decrease of plasma ANP levels can attribute to hemodilution, which also accounts for lowed SVRI.

Airway remodeling is an important pathological feature of asthma and the basis of severe asthma. Proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) is a major contributor to airway remodeling. As an important Ca(2+) channel, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) plays the key role in the cell pathological and physiological processes. This study investigated the expression and activity of TRPV1 channel, and further clarified the effect of TRPV1 channel on the ASMCs proliferation and apoptosis in order to provide the scientific basis to treat asthmatic airway remodeling in clinical practice. Immunofluorescence staining and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect the expression of TRPV1 in rat ASMCs. Intracellular Ca(2+) was detected using the single cell confocal fluorescence microscopy measurement loaded with Fluo-4/AM. The cell cycles were observed by flow cytometry. MTT assay and Hoechst 33258 staining were used to detect the proliferation and apoptosis of ASMCs in rats respectively. The data showed that: (1) TRPV1 channel was present in rat ASMCs. (2) TRPV1 channel agonist, capsaicin, increased the Ca(2+) influx in a concentration-dependent manner (EC50=284.3±58 nmol/L). TRPV1 channel antagonist, capsazepine, inhibited Ca(2+) influx in rat ASMCs. (3) Capsaicin significantly increased the percentage of S+G2M ASMCs and the absorbance of MTT assay. Capsazepine had the opposite effect. (4) Capsaicin significantly inhibited the apoptosis, whereas capsazepine had the opposite effect. These results suggest that TRPV1 is present and mediates Ca(2+) influx in rat ASMCs. TRPV1 activity stimulates proliferation of ASMCs in rats.

Objective To investigate the proportion and function of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ regulatory T cells (CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr)in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion(URSA).Methods(1)Proportion measurement:the proportion of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr cells in peripheral blood was measured by double-label flow cytometric analysis.The samples were taken from 15 URSA women,15 normal non-pregnancy women and 13 normal pregnancy women.(2)Function measurement:CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr ceils and CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ T ce]ls were extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes by the microbeads separation.The purity of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr cells and CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ T cells was measured by flow cytometry.The growth inhibitory effect of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr cells on CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ T cells was assessed in vitro.Results The proportion of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr cells was decreased significantly in URSA women(6.9?1.8)% than that in normal non-pregnancy women[(10.8?1.1)%] (P0.05).Conclusion The results suggest that decrease in proportion and function of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr cells may be associated with URSA.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effect of soyasaponins on acute liver injury induced by D-galactosamine (GalN) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice.

METHODThe mice were randomly divided into five groups: the normal control, the model group, the silymarin (positive control) group, and soyasaponins high and low-dose groups. They were administered with drugs once every day for 7 days. At the end of the experiment, GalN and LPS were injected intraperitoneally to all of the groups except for the normal group to establish the acute liver injury model. The pathological changes were detected with hematoxylin & eosin (HE) staining, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was detected by ELISA method, and the alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and the activation of Caspase-3 and Caspase-8 were detected by the colorimetric method.

RESULTSoyasaponins could reduce the activities of serum ALT and AST, the acute hepatic injury induced by GalN/LPS, serum TNF-alpha level, hepatic NO and MDA contents, and the Caspase-3 and Caspase-8 activations of liver tissues, and increase the hepatic CAT, GPx, GST and GSH levels.

CONCLUSIONSoyasaponins shows the protective effect on acute liver injury induced by GalN and LPS in mice, which may be related to its antioxidative ability and anti-liver apoptosis.

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Caspases ; metabolism ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; metabolism ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Galactosamine ; toxicity ; Lipopolysaccharides ; toxicity ; Liver ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Soybeans ; chemistry