Objective:To prepare enteric-coated pellets of ( R)-rabeprazole sodium and investigate the drug release behavior in vitro. Methods:The pellets of ( R)-rabeprazole sodium were prepared by a fluid bed coating technology, and HPMC and Eudragit L30D-55 was used as the material of isolation layer and enteric coating, respectively. The similarity of in vitro drug release was com-pared between the reference preparation and the self-prepared preparation. Similar factor ( f2 ) was used to evaluate the similarity of re-lease curves. Results:The coating formula of ( R)-rabeprazole sodium enteric-coated pellets was as follows: the weight of HPMC E5 and Eudragit L30D-55 was 12. 0% and 45. 0%, respectively, and the plasticizer was 8. 0% of the weight of the polymers. The f2 of the reference preparation and the self-prepared preparation was more than 50, which indicated the release behavior was similar. Con-clusion:The release behavior of ( R)-rabeprazole sodium enteric-coated pellets is quite promising, and the preparation technology can be used in the industrial production.

Objective To analyze changes of DNA demethylation analysis of FOXP3 TSDR at the beginning of the secondary pulmonary tuberculosis patientsby utilizing real-time PCR technology.Methods To select 47 patients of secondary pulmona-ry tuberculosis as a research group from June 2014 to May 2015 and 40 healthy donors as a control group.The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)of research group and control group were isolated.CD4+CD25+T cells were isolated from PBMC.Genomic DNA was isolated from CD4+CD25+T cells.PCR was performed in a final reaction volume containing dem-ethylation-specific primers.Plasmid standard was generated by PCR products were enzyme digestion,TOPO TA cloning,and recycling and purification.A real-time PCR system was established by quantitatively analyzing the specificity of FOXP3 TS-DR demethylation to treg (regulatory T-cell).Treg numbers of control group at week 0 and research group treated at week 0,week 2,week 4 and week 8 by using real-time PCR assay of the FOXP3 TSDR demethylation.The experimental data was analyzed by using SPSS 1 6.0 software.Results The M.tuberculosis in sputum of research group were positive by smear mi-croscopy,however the results of control group were negative.The treg frequency of control group,2+ group and 3+ group respectively was 1.63%±0.70%,1.96%±0.10% and 0.86%±0.21%,respectively.The difference between the treg fre-quency of control group and that of 2+ group by smear microscopy had not statistical significance,however which of 3+group was opposite.The average treg frequency of research group treated at week 0,2,4 and 8 respectively was at 1.05%, 2.04%,3.44% and 2.79%,range of which respectively was 0.32%~2.03%,0.95%~3.95%,2.35%~4.95% and 1.02%~4.27%,95% confidence interval of which respectively was (0.93%,1.18%),(1.85%,2.24%),(3.27%,3.61%) and (2.60%,2.98%).The treg frequency of difference between control group and research group at week 0 had statistical significance (t=4.669,P<0.05).The treg frequency was influenced by time of therapy,using One-Way ANOVA analysis (F=347.2,P<0.001,df=3,within-subjects Contrasts:F=407.4,P<0.001,df=3).Test of the treatment time and group interaction effect was linear (F=678.2,P<0.001,df=1).Conclusion DNA demethylation analysis of FOXP3 TSDR was high sensitivity and specificity in monitoring changes of treg at the beginning of the secondary pulmonary tuberculosis pa-tients.

Guided by aim of improving the survival rate of the injuries, damage control surgery (DCS) have undergone developments from simple gauze packing to planned resuscitation and reoperation for nearly a century, which leads to a great improvement in the treatments. In recent years, the concept of DCS has been more and more widely accepted and applied in many fields other than abdominal trauma. Besides, the technologies have been constantly standardized and the procedures have been more scientific. At the same time, some remarkable progress has been made in the research of DCS, such as new concepts of damage control resuscitation, permissive hypotension, and new technologies such as resuscitative balloon aortic occlusion and hybrid emergency surgery system.

Objective To investigate the safety and therapeutic effect of intra-carotid infusion with cold sa line in rats with acute focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.Methods 60 rats were randomly divided into six groups:sham operated group,normal infusion group,stroke group,local hypothermic group,local normothermic group,and systemic infusion group.Brain infarct volume and cerebral water content were analyzed 48 h after ischemia.Neurological deficits were assessed using the mNSS 24 h and 48 h after infarction.Results In the local hypothermic group,brain temperature was reduced to 33 to 34 ℃ within 5 to 10 minutes,and this significantly low temperature maintained to nearly 60 minutes after infusion continued.Physiological variables were not significantly different among each time point (P ＞ 0.05).No significant morphological abnormality was found in brain sections stained with TTC and HE.Animals receiving local cold infusion significantly decreased infarct volume and brain water content compared to stroke group (P ＜ 0.05).Both 24 h and 48 h mNSS in local hypothermic group was significantly lower than those in other groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Intra-carotid infusion with cold saline can quickly and effectively reduce brain temperature and is a relatively safe cooling method.Local hypothermia significantly reduced brain infarct volume,decreased brain water content and improved neurological functional outcomes after brain ischemia.

Aim To investigate the effect of resveratrol (Res)on septic mice and LPS-insulted H9c2 cells,as well as its involved mechanisms.Methods By use of a mouse cecal ligation and puncture-induced septic model (CLP),the survival of septic mice was evalua-ted after resveratrol treatments.H9c2 cells were insul-ted by LPS and then treated with resveratrol,the mR-NA expressions of TNF-α,SIRT1 and other class III HDAC members were detected using RT-PCR and real-time PCR,Finally,the protein levels of nuclear p65, an important subunit of NF-κB,were measured in H9c2 cells using Western blot assay,to reveal the effect of resveratrol on LPS-induced nuclear transloca-tion of NF-κB.Results Compared with the control septic animals,intraperitoneal injection of resveratrol (1 or 5 mg·kg -1 ·d -1 )significantly increased the survival of septic mice.Furthermore,resveratrol signif-icantly increased mRNA expressions of SIRT1,SIRT2, SIRT6 and SIRT7 in LPS-insulted H9c2 cells.Res-veratrol also remarkably inhibited LPS-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB.Conclusion An appropriate dose of resveratrol protects septic mouse hearts from the injury induced by LPS through the activation of SIRT family members and the inhibition of NF-κB pathway.

The aim of this work was to investigate guar gum/ethylcellulose mix coated pellets for potential colon-specific drug delivery. The coated pellets, containing 5-fluorouracil as a model drug, were prepared in a fluidized bed coater by spraying the aqueous/ethanol dispersion mixture of guar gum and ethylcellulose. The lag time of drug release and release rate were adjustable by changing the ratio of guar gum to ethylcellulose and coat weight gain. In order to find the optimal coating formulation that was able to achieve drug targeting to the colon, the effect of two independent variables (the ratio of guar gum to ethylcellulose and the coat weight gain) on drug release characteristics was studied using 3×4 factorial design and response surface methodology. Results indicated that drug release rate decreased as the proportion of ethylcellulose in the hybrid coat and the coat weight gain increased. When the ratio of guar gum to ethylcellulose was kept in the range of 0.2 to 0.7, and the coat weight gain in the range of 250% to 500%, the coated pellets can keep intact for about 5 h in upper gastrointestine and achieve colon-specific drug delivery. The pellets prepared under optimal conditions resulted in delayed-release sigmoidal patterns with T5% (time for 5% drug release) of 5.1-7.8 h and T90% (time for 90% drug release) of 9.8-16.3 h. Further more, drug release was accelerated and T90% of the optimum formulation pellets decreased to 9.0-14.5 h in pH 6.5 phosphate buffer with hydrolase. It is concluded that mixed coating of guar gum and ethylcellulose is able to provide protection of the drug load in the upper gastrointestinal tract, while allowing enzymatic breakdown of the hybrid coat to release the drug load in the colon.

Objective To investigate the prevalence, clinical characteristics and antibiotic resistance of Haemophilus influenzae (HI) in children with acute respiratory tract infection in Suzhou. Methods Data of sputum culture of 3 167 hospitalized childhood patients with acute respiratory tract infection from January 2006 to December 2007 were collected. The incidence of positive HI and the rate of resistance to different antibiotics were calculated and beta-lactamases of the strains were detected. Results About 4.4% of total 3 167 eases were infected with HI. The infection rate was related with season and sex, more frequent between February and June, more common in boys than girls. Children younger than three years old were likely to be infected by HI, eompared with other age groups. The beta-lactamase positive rate of HI was 31.4%. The resistance rates to ampicillin, SMZ + TMP, chloramphenicol, cefaclor, ceftazidime, tetracycline and ampicillin/sulbactam were 29.6% ～ 31.9%, 66.2% -73.9%, 19.7% ～ 15.9%, 2.8% ～ 14.5%, 2.8% ～0、 28.2% ～ 2.9% and 4.2% ～ 1.4% respectively. Isolates resistance to cefuroxime、 ceftriaxone、 imipenem、azithromycin and ciprofloxacin were not found. Conclusions The infection of HI in children with actue respiratory tract infection is closely related with season and sex in Suzhou. Children younger than three years old are at high risk. The beta-lactamase positive rate of HI was high and increased rapidly. Resistance rate to azithromycin, SMZ + TMP and chloramphenicol was high, some isolates were resistant to the second, third generation of cephalosporin. Monitoring the antibiotic resistance of H! should be emphasized.

Objective To understand the status and drug resistant patterns of strains of extended spectrum ?-lactamase(ESBLs) in children with lower respiratory tract infection,and to give clinical suggestions for rational treatment.Methods Escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated from the 2 969 nasopharyngeal secretions which collected from lower respiratory tract of children in our hospital from Jan.2006 to Dec. 2007.Dual-sheets and sheets-diffusing method (K-B method) were used to determine the ESBLs and antibiotic susceptibility was tested by K-B method which included 18 kinds of antibiotics,the results were marked by resistant,intermedial and sensitive.Chi-square test was used to analyze the data.Results Total 135 strains were detected,73 strains were escherichia coli,of which 54 strains(74.0%)produced ESBLs,62 strains were klebsiella pneumoniae,of which 33 strains(53.2%)produced ESBLs.The 2 bacterias were found more in children with 1-6 months old than those in other age groups,the ratio of which were 50 strains and 41 strains,respectively (Pa0.05).The resistant rate of ESBLs-producing strains to penicillins,cephalosporins,quinolones,aminoglycosides and sulfamido was higher than that of non ESBLs-producing strains respectively.And the resistant rates to beta-lactam antibiotics of ESBLs strains were located on a high level.Whether producing ESBLs or not,the 2 bacterias were still sensitive to amikacin,cefoxitin,cefoperazone/sulbactam and imipenem.Conclusions The prevalences of ESBLs-producing escherichia and klebsiella pneumonia were high.There was a multi-drug resistance to the varied antibiotics.It is very important to make sputum culture and use sensitive antibiotics in treatment according to drug sensitivity test to control the occurrence and conveying of the ESBLs.

Objective To evaluate the treament of central retinal artery occlusion by thrombolysis infusion via super selective ophthalmic artery catheterization.Design Retrospective,observational case series.Participants 21 eyes of 21 patients with CRAO. Methods 21 patients with CRAO were diagnosed by stereoscopic color fundus photography and flouorescein fundus angiography, and were treated by urokinase infusion via super select ophthalmic artery catheterization seldinger technique.Main Outcome Measures Visual acuity and the postoperative complications.Results In the 21 patients,10 had showed the occlusion of ophthalmic arterial trunk by super selective internal carotid artery angiography,the others can be found the appearance of ophthalmic arterial trunk and all patients had undergone thrombolysis therapy successfully.Imaging times of central retinal artery before and after thrombolysis infusion treatment are 38.18?10.86 seconds,12.65?3.30 seconds(t=-11.89,P=0.000).Mean foflow-up time is 3.23?1.26 months.After the treatment,the visual acuity was more than 0.25 in 4 patients,improved to different extent in 9 and remained unchanged in 8. Conclusions Super selective arterial catheterization with thrombolysis for CRAO can improve the visual acuity of the patients,a speedy execution of all internal,neurological,and ophthalmology diagnostic measures;and a prompt therapy are necessary.

Objective: To investigate the expression difference of TRAIL and its receptors between resting and activated peripheral blood lymphocytes, and to study their role in cellular growth and proliferation. Methods: Expression of TRAIL and its receptors were detected by RT PCR and DNA sequencing. Results: Neither the expression of TRAIL nor its receptors were detected in resting peripheral blood lymphocyte. However, both expression were found in activated peripheral blood lymphocytes of various degree. Conclusion: TRAIL and its receptors may play a role in regulation and control of the activated lymphocytes in immune reaction.