Objective:To analyse the quality control assessment results of arsenic testing laboratories of national endemic disease prevention and control institutions from 2006 to 2020, so as to further strengthen the quality control of arsenic determination in laboratories of national endemic disease prevention and control institutions, and to ensure the accuracy and reliability of national endemic arsenic poisoning monitoring data.Methods:The water arsenic and urinary arsenic test results of arsenic quality control laboratories from 2006 to 2020 were collected and evaluated by Z-ratio scoring method(│Z│≤2 was qualified, 2 < │Z│ < 3 was basically qualified, │Z│≥3 was unqualified), and the qualification rates of water arsenic and urinary arsenic in different years and different provinces were calculated.Results:From 2006 to 2020, the number of laboratories participating in water arsenic quality control in 14 provinces has increased from 25 to 167, and the number of laboratories participating in urinary arsenic quality control increased from 22 to 90. The standard deviation of laboratory assessment samples was relatively stable, all < 0.05 mg/L. The quality control assessment results from 2006 to 2020 were calculated according to │Z│ < 3, the qualified rate of water arsenic ranged from 64.0% to 100.0%, and that in urine was 54.5% to 100.0%. The quality control assessment results from 2009 to 2020 were calculated according to │Z│≤2, the qualified rate of water arsenic was 84.6% - 100.0%, and that in urine was 83.6% - 100.0%. Among the 13 water arsenic assessment results from 2009 to 2020, according to │Z│≤2, provincial laboratories reported all qualified years for 8 times, prefecture, city and county-level laboratories reported all qualified years for 2 times; there were 8 provinces with all qualified laboratories at province level and 3 provinces with all qualified laboratories at prefecture, city and county-level. Among the 13 assessment results of urinary arsenic from 2009 to 2020, according to │Z│≤2, the provincial laboratories reported all qualified years for 6 times, and the prefecture, city and county-level laboratories all qualified for 1 times; there were 6 provinces in which all provincial laboratories were qualified, and there were 6 provinces in which all prefecture, city and county-level laboratories were qualified.Conclusions:The quality control work of laboratories is improving day by day, but there are still some problems in individual links. Laboratories at all levels should continue to strengthen the construction of laboratories and the training of relevant personnel, further improve the theoretical and technical level of inspectors, and continuously improve the detection quality, to make the analysis data more reliable and comparable, so as to ensure the quality of arsenic poisoning prevention and monitoring work.

Objective To observe the effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine (DM)as premedi-cation on postoperative behavioral outcomes in children.Methods Sixty ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱchildren of both genders,2-5 years,weighing 10-30 kg,undergoing hernia surgery,were equally as-signed into three groups (n =20 each)using a random number table:control group (group C),mid-azolam group(group M)and dexmedetomidine group(group D).Thirty minutes before anesthesia in-duction,the children were respectively received intranasal normal saline 0.02 ml/kg (group C),in-tranasal midazolam 0.2 mg/kg (group M)and intranasal DM 2 μg/kg (group D).The sedation score of children apart from parents,the receipt score of face mask for sevoflurane anesthesia induction,the postoperative recovery time,adverse effects,and the percentage of patients requiring rescue analgesic were recorded.To observe the postoperative behavioral outcomes on 1th、7th、30th day using the PH-BQ.Results Compared with group C,the sedation score and the receipt score of face mask of groups M and D were significantly increased (P <0.05).Compared with groups C and M,the adverse effects and the percentage of patients requiring rescue analgesic of group D were decreased (P <0.05).The incidence of the postoperative behavioral outcomes of group C was higher than groups M and D on 1th,7th day (P <0.05).And on 30th day after operation,there was no significant difference among three groups.Conclusion Intranasal dexmedetomidine as premedication can significantly decrease the incidence of the postoperative behavioral outcomes in children.

Adult ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of nuclear transcription factor-?B(NF-?B) in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) and the effect of dexamethasone(DEX) on its expression,to provide the experimental base for corresponding clinical treatment of the ALL,in which NF-?B is taken as a target.Methods 1.The biotin-streptavidin method was used to detect NF-?B P65 protein on 20 childhood ALL patients and 20 healthy children.2.The effect of DEX at clinically relevant dosage on NF-?B P65 protein were also detected by the biotin-streptavidin method.Results 1.The positive expression rate of NF-?B P65 protein in childhood ALL patients was 85.50%,obviously higher than that in normal group(10.0%)(?~2=22.56 P

Adult ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; therapy ; Respiration, Artificial ; Young Adult

Objective:To date, a vast array of localization techniques for excisions of nonpalpable breast cancer (NBC) is available, but the best choice remains unclear. Although ultrasound localization (US) is a widely available and feasible tool, it has several disadvantages for excisions of NBC. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of indocyanine green-guided nonpalpable breast cancer lesion localization (INBCL) and to compare it with US.Methods:The clinical data of 78 consecutive patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery for NBC in Dalian Central Hospital from January 2014 to December 2019 were prospectively reviewed the. Of all 78 excision.42 (53.8%) were localized by INBCL and 36 (46.1%) by US. Patients with preoperatively diagnosed primary ductal carcinoma in situ and multifocal disease were excluded from the study.Results:Both techniques resulted in 100.0% retrieval of the lesions. The rate of clear margins was 90.5% (38/42) in the INBCL group compared to the 83.3% (30/36) in the US group ( P>0.05). The margin width at first excision for both INBCL and US series of patients was compared. In the INBCL series, 92.9% (39/42) of cases had a margin less than 5 mm, whereas for US series it was 72.2% (26/36)( P<0.05). When results of the excised tissue were taken into account, the mean specimen volume for INBCL was 58 cm 3, wheres for US excision it was larger at 73 cm3,but there was not significantly different ( P = 0.058). Conclusions:INBCL for NBCs is more accurate than US, because a smaller volume of the tissue may be excised by using the technique, without compromising margin status in nonpalpable lesions. Therefore INBCL is an attractive alternative to US.

AIM: To compare the safety and efficacy of conjunctival autograft transplant ( CAT ) and limbal - conjunctival autograft transplant (LCAT) for primary pterygium.
METHODS: In this prospective, randomized and controlled clinical study, 120 patients ( 120 eyes ) diagnosed with primary pterygium were collected in NO. 474 Hospital of Chinese PLA from January 2014 to January 2015. The 120 patients enrolled in the study in turn, and divided into two group by the odd and even number. The odd number underwent CAT and the even number underwent LCAT.
RESULTS:One hundred and seven patients (107 eyes) completed the follow-up of 1a, including 54 patients (54 eyes) from the CAT group and 53 patients (53 eyes) from the LCAT group. Four patients (4 eyes, recurrence rate 7. 4%) in the CAT group and 2 patients ( 2 eyes, recurrence rate 3. 8%) in the LCAT group developed recurrence. However, there were no significant in recurrence rate between CAT group and LCAT group (P =0. 678).
CONCLUSION: CAT and LCAT might be both effective treatment for primary pterygium for reducing the recurrence rate of pterygium. However, LCAT is the optimal surgical method for primary pterygium.

This paper discusses the mechanism of cellobiose in fungal cellulase induction a nd repression, and its inhibition of cellulases hydrolytic activity. Depending on the research result of cellulose binding domain, our hypothesis is that the main function of Exo-1,4-?-glucanase is to destroy th e crystal structure of cellulose to facilitaty hydrolyzing of ?-1,4 glucosidic bonds. A new strategy for the efficient transformation of cellulose material is advanced at t he end.

Objective: To investigate the protective factors and risk factors of nosocomial infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) among health care workers (HCWs) , and thus provide the scientific basis for prevention and control of nosocomial infection. Methods: With the case-control study,a standardized questionnaire was used for data collection in three general hospitals where nosocomial infection had occurred. Univariate analysis was done at first. All concerned factors about SARS infection were scanned by using Chi-square test and Fisher' s exact test one by one, and determined as to whether they were risk factors or protective factors according to odd ratio (OR) score. Then, multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to re-analyze the picked-out factors for finding out which factors played independent roles. Results: Twenty-two factors (nineteen protective factors and three risk factors), among the total fifty-six factors, were significantly associated with SARS infection. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression revealed that factors such as double exposure suits ( OR = 0.053 ), education ( OR =0.072), gloves ( OR =0.102), hands sterilized by iodine ( OR =0.231 ), room air ventilation (OR = 0.32), were significantly protective; conversely, tracheal intubation ( OR = 30.793 ) was a significant risk factor. Conclusion: Strict defense and antisepsis measures were pivotal in preventing SARS infection among high-risk medical personnel. Education about associated knowledge and effective air ventilation were also important factors.

AIM:This study continuously monitors the hemodynamic changes in conscious and anesthetic rats during rapid ascent to high altitude to investigate whether there is difference between the 2 conditions and discuss the rela-ted underlying mechanism.METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into conscious group, anesthetic group, anesthetic-5000-control ( A-5000-control) group, anesthetic-5000-aminoguanidine ( A-5000-AG) group, conscious-5000-control ( C-5000-control ) group and conscious-5000-aminoguanidine ( C-5000-AG ) group.The rats in anesthetic group and conscious group were kept in a hypobaric chamber, in which the simulated altitude was increased from 2 260 m to 5 000 m at 2 m/s, and the rats in other 4 groups were at 5 000 m.The system arterial pressure ( Psa) , central venous pressure ( CVP) , heart rate ( HR) and breathing rate ( BR) were directly and continuously displayed and digitally recorded by a high-performance data acquisition (PowerLab 16/35, AD Instruments) at 200 Hz.RESULTS: The HR and BR in the conscious rats were higher and MAP was lower than those in the anesthetic rats obviously.A significant decrease in mean arterial pressure ( MAP) in conscious and anesthetic groups was observed following the increase in the altitude levels, and the net decrease in MAP in conscious group was significantly greater.Additionally, HR in the conscious rats was sig-nificantly lower at 5 000 m than that of the initial level.The rats in C-5000-AG group and A-5000-AG group showed a sig-nificant increase in the arterial pressure after the intravenous injection of AG, a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase ( iNOS) , and no marked change of HR and BR was found.CONCLUSION: Blood pressure and HR decrease during rapid ascent to high altitude, while the change of BR is not obvious.The mechanisms of self-safety would be trig-gered in the early stage of hypoxia, which activates iNOS and then leads to a larger number of nitric oxide.Plentiful NO di-astolizes the vessels to improve the ventilation-perfusion mismatch and lower the blood pressure.When the altitude arise to 5 000 m, even more earlier, a decompensatory stage may occur in the body, leading to decreased HR and blood pressure further more than those in the anesthetic rats.Due to the effects of pentobarbital sodium, the depression of blood pressure requires a lag period and the net decrease in MAP is less than that in the conscious rats.Therefore, hemodynamic changes during rapid ascent to high altitude in conscious rats are more comprehensive and authentic.