Objective To evaluate the roles of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H-MRS) and the volume of the hippocampus(HCV) measured by MRI in the diagnosis and the differential diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild Alzheimer disease (AD).Methods HCV and 1H-MRS were performed in the bilateral hippocampus and the bilateral medial temporal lobes(MTLS) in 30 cases with MCI,30 cases mild with AD and 30 healthy persons in age and sex-matched with controls by using volume analysis software and stimulates echo acquisition mode(STEAM). The ratios of NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr,MI/Cr,NAA/MI and HCV were compared among these groups.The contributions of HCV and 1H-MRS in diagnosis of MCI and AD was compared.Correlation coefficients were calculated for Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores and HCV or the ratios of NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr,MI/Cr and NAA/MI in the MCI group and the mild AD group.Results Patients with mild AD showed significant reduction of HCV and NAA/Cr and NAA/MI ratios in the bilateral HCVand MTLS,and significant MI/Cr increase in the bilateral MTLS relative to control subjects. Patients with MCI demonstrates significant reduction of NAA/Cr in the left MTL , significant reduction of the bilateral HCV and NAA/MI ratio and significant MI/Cr increase in the bilateral HCV and MTLS relative to control subjects. Patients with mild AD showed statistical differences of MI/Cr and NAA/MI ratios in the left MTL relative to patients with MCI . Patients with mild AD showed no significant differences of HCV and NAA/Cr relative to patients with MCI .The Cho/Cr ratios among three groups showed no significant differences. HCV yielded the volume with the sensitivity 50% and specificity 83.33% in the diagnosis of MCI . 1H-MRS yielded the ratios with 43.33% in sensitivity and 81.25% in specificity in the di- agnosis of MCI.The combination of HCV and 1H-MRS yielded the volume and ratios with sensitivity of 73.33% and specificity of 84.62% in the diagnosis of MCI. HCV yielded the volume with sensitivity of 73.33% and specificity of 88% in the diagnosis of mild AD.1H-MRS yielded the ratios with sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 87.5% in the diagnosis of mild AD.The combination of HCV and 1H-MRS yielded the volume and ratios with sensitivity of 83.33% and specificity of 86.21% in the diagnosis of mild AD. HCV yielded the volume with the sensitivity of 50% and specificity of 62.5% in the differential diagnosis of MCI and mild AD.1H-MRS yielded the ratios with sensitivity of 56.67% and specificity of 65.38% in the differential diagnosis of MCI and mild AD.The combination of HCV and 1H-MRS yielded the volume and ratios with sensitivity of 66.67% and specificity of 64.52% in the differential diagnosis of MCI and mild AD. Patients with mild AD and MCI showed significant correlation between MMSE and the bilateral HCV ,NAA/Cr ratio. Patients with mild AD showed significant correlation between MMSE and right NAA/MI ratio .Patients with mild AD and MCI showed significant correlation between HCV and NAA/Cr ratio. Conclusion The combination of HCV and 1H-MRS are the best choice in the diagnosis and the differential diagnosis of MCI and mild AD.

Aged ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Epithelioid Cells ; pathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemangiosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mastectomy, Radical ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the viability of virtual touch tissue quantification (VTQ)technique in the prediction of acute rejection in transplanted liver.Methods One hundred and eighteen patients enrolled in the study were categorized into four groups:normal control (n =31),cirrhosis ( n =29),transplanted liver with acute rejection (n =28),transplant liver without any complications (n =30).All the patients were confirmed by pathology or clinical results.The VTQ of right robe of liver was obtained by a ultrasound system with VTQ technique and the data was compared among the four groups.Results The VTQ was (1.10 ± 0.29)m/s,(1.33 ± 0.33) m/s,(1.81 ± 0.47) m/s and (2.12 ± 0.59) m/s in normal control,transplanted liver without any complications,transplanted liver with acute rejection and cirrhosis group,respectively.It was significantly different in all four groups (P＜0.01).Patients with acute rejection were associated with the increase of the VTQ values (P＜0.01).Using a cutoff of VTQ＞1.36 m/s measured in the transplanted liver for prediction of acute rejection,the sensitivity and specificity were 82.1％ and 68.2％.Conclusions VTQ technique may have some clinical value in evaluation the acute rejection in transplanted liver.

Objective To analyze the ophthalmologic characteristics and examinations which caused by vertebral-basilar insuffi- ciency.Design Retrospective case series.Participants 469 eases of vertebral-basilar insufficiency.Methods Retrospective analysis of 469 cases of vertebral-basilar insufficiency patients with ophthalmologic signs' features,incidence,the main cause,color Doppler flow imaging and(or)digital subtraction angiography clearly stenosis location,the degree of stenosis from July 1st 2005 to July ist 2007 in PLA General Hospital.Main Outcome Measures Ophthalmologic signs' related reasons and supplementary examination.Results 96 cases were with the corresponding eye symptoms(20.4%).Vision decreased in 83 cases,diplopia was in 56 cases,ipsilateral hemiopia quadrant blind in 12 cases and depending on deformation in 10 cases,fundus arteriosclerosis in 72 cases,nystagmus in 39 cases,the eye movement disorder in 16 cases.Among 96 patients with associated ocular symptoms,75 patients with color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI)showed unilateral vertebral artery abnormal in 66 cases(88%),among those blood flow velocity decreased in 26 cases,17 cases with vascular plaque stenosis,thinning in 20 cases,3 cases with complete occlusion;different bilateral vertebral artery abnormal in 9 cases(12%),among those velocity dropped in 4 cases,two cases with vascular plaque stenosis and thinning in 3 cases.Forty-five cases with the digital subtraction angiography(DSA),left vertebral artery was abnormal in 24 cases,18 cases with stenosis,occlusion in 5 cas- es,abnormal bending in 1 case.Right vertebral artery was abnormal in 16 cases,13 cases with stenosis,occlusion in 3 cases.Bilateral vertebral artery stenosis was found in 2 cases;vertebral artery stenosis was in 3 patients.Conclusion Vertebral-basilar insufficiency may cause eye-related symptoms,therefore,vision acuity decrease,fundus 'arteriosclerosis,diplopia and nystagmus symptoms are more likely for patients with vertebral-patients with basilar artery insufficiency performance of the eye.(Ophthalmol CHN,2002,16:406-410)

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of retroperitoneal laparoscopy for adrenal tumor and report the experience with this procedure for adrenal surgery.Methods From June 2003 to March 2007,we performed 24 laparoscopic tumorectomy via the retroperitoneal approach.Results All procedures were successful. The average operative time was 1.7 hours(ranging from 1 to 3.5 hours).All patients had no need of transfusion and no complication.All patients recovered.The average hospital stay was 4.5 days(ranging from 3 to 8 days).Patholog- ic diagnosis:10 cases of nonfunctional adenoma,6 cases of primary aldosteronism,4 cases of adrenal cyst,2 cases of pheochromocytoma,2 cases of Cushing's adenoma.Conclusions Retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery for adrenal oc- cupying lesion had such advantages as minimal invasive,safe and effective,early recovery and shorter stay in hospital. It should be the flint choice of treatment for adrenal occupying lesion.

Objective:To prepare a novel vascular endothelial growth inhibitor-soluble chimeric protein VEGI~+,so as to lay a basis for studying its biological activity.Methods:Chimeric molecule VEGI~+ was constructed by grafting oligopeptide CTTH- WGFTLC to extraeellular region of VEGI(VEGI_(23-174)).Before ligation into pET30a(+)expression vector,PCR product of the recombinant gene was cloned into pGEM-T vector and verified by restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing,then pET30a-VEGI was used to transfect BL21(modified E.coli strain).The chimeric protein was purified by metal affinity chro- matography.Western blotting and coomassie blue staining were used for protein identification.Results:The chimeric molecule VEGI~+ was confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing.The constructed pET30a-VEGI was confirmed by enzymatic digestion.The expression was mainly in the form of inclusion body.SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and Western blotting revealed a chimeric protein about 23000,with a purity of about 90%.Conclusion:We have successfully constructed the recom- binant plasmid pET30a-VEGI~+ and expressed it in E.coll.And we have obtained high purity of soluble chimeric protein VEGI~+ through affinity chromatography.

Objective To explore the epidemiologic and clinical features of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) caused by Coxsackie virus A16 (CA16) in Suzhou from 2010 to 2014, and analyze the relationship between the SNPs of oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1) and HFMD caused by CA16 infection.MethodsThe clinical data of children diagnosed with HFMD caused by CA16 during 2010 and 2014 were collected. The epidemiological characteristics were analyzed. Among them, 167 cases were selected to make comparison of the clinical features with 166 cases of HFMD caused by EV71 infection in the same period. The genotyping ofOAS1 rs10774671 was detected by TaqMan probe technique in 167 cases of CA16 infection children, 166 cases of EV71 infection children with HFMD and 163 healthy children. The relationship between polymorphism of gene and infection of CA 16 was analyzed.ResultsA total of 9 016 children with HFMD were included. CA16 nucleic acid detected to be positive in 762 cases. The detection rate was 8.45%. CA16 infection was most commonly in summer. Children under 5 years old accounted for 94.62% infected. Compared with EV71 infected children, CA16 infected children had shorter fever time, severer oral herpes, ulcer, and rash in hand, foot and hip, lesser nervous system involvement, fewer cases of high lactate dehydrogenase, high C reactive protein, high IgM or IgG, and signiifcant changes in the percentage of CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+ and CD3-CD19+ (P all?

Fatigue, which is one of the most commonly reported symptoms in cancer, can negatively impact the functional status and the health-related quality of life of individuals. Although awareness and
study of CRF have grown in recent years,the biological mechanisms and risk factors that induce CRF remain unclear.This paper systematically reviews the available evidence on the biological mechanisms and the risk factors to guide the development of targeted, individualized interventions for cancer-related fatigue.

Objective To investigate enhancement appearance of hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia(FNH) at real-time gray-scale contrast enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS),and evaluate the value of CEUS in the diagnosis of FNH. Methods Thirty-four patients (36 lesions) with histologically proved FNH were examined by ultrasonography. Appearance on conventional ultrasonography and the enhancement pattern on CEUS were investigated. Results Thirty-six lesions were mostly hypoechoic.39% (14/36) of lesions had peripheral hypoechogenic circle. Color Doppler flow imaging showed a asteroid-like or spoke-and-wheel pattern in 65% (20/ 31) of lesions.Three enhancement patterns were observed in the early arterial phase: whole-enhancement pattern (28%, 10/36), gushing-spring enhancement pattern (44%, 16/36), and spoke-and-wheel enhancement pattern (28%,10/36).The frequency of central scar on CEUS was 17% (6/36), and detection rate of central scar by CEUS compared with pathology was 40% (6/15).Regarding one of the features (gushing-spring enhancement, spoke-and-wheel enhancement and scar) as standard of FNH, the coincidence of CEUS in this group was 78% (28/ 36) ,which was significantly higher than that of conventional ultrasonography 28% (10/36).Conclusions CEUS can be as a important method for diagnosing FNH.

Objective To compare enhancement features of primary hepatocellular carcinoma(PHCC)and recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma(RHCC) on.contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS). Methods CEUS was performed in 56 patients with 70 RHCC and 83 patients with 93 PHCC. The enhancement features of these two groups of hepatocellular carcinoma were compared. The time used for the enhancement material to arrive the lesion(Ta ), that used for the lesion to become isoechoic(T1 ) and hypoechoic relative to the surrounding hepatic parenchyma(To) were analyzed. The echogenicity change between the lesion and the parenchyma was observed during arterial phase,portal phase and delayed phase. Results The time used for the lesion to become hypoechogenicity of RHCC and PHCC was (104.0 ± 51.8)s, (85.5 ± 43.0)srespectively,there was significant difference between the two groups( P = 0.010). There were 24 (34.3 % )cases of RHCC and 16 ( 17.2% ) cases of PHCC becoming isoechoic during portal phase,the former rate was significantly higher than the later one( P = 0. 012). Conclusions There is significant difference between PHCC and RHCC in the performance of CEUS,this is useful for the early diagnosis of RHCC.