Objective To explore the associated factors influencing the prognosis of upper limb function and ability of activities daily living(ADL)in stroke patients with left side hemiplegia.Methods 64 stroke patients with left side hemiplegia were treated regularly last for 1 month.At admission,the assessment procedure for cognitive function were performed with scales of Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE),Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment(LOTCA),Motor Impersistence(MI),Schenkenberg Line Bisection Test.Brunnstrom stage,Modified Barthel Index(MBI),Ueda,Bin Hemiplegic Finger Function Assessment Scale,Upper Limb Function Assessment Scale were graded for the upper limb function and ADL ability before and after training.The multinominal logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between those factors and the upper limb function and ADL ability.Results The extent of resumption of upper limb function of patients was positively correlated with the ability of formal operational thinking(P<0.01)in LOTCA score before training.However,the extent of resumption of hand was negatively correlated with MI score before training(P<0.01).The extent of resumption of the hand practicability was positively correlated with the ability of operational thinking and score of ADL in LOTCA before training(P<0.01).The extent of the resumption of ADL was positively correlated with the ability score of operational thinking in LOTCA and diseased region.It was negatively correlated with the score of Schenkenberg line bisection(P<0.01).Conclusion The ability of operational thinking in LOTCA before training and the scores of Schenkenberg line bisection,ADL and MI are helpful in prognosis for the upper limb function in stroke patients with left side hemiplegia.

Objective To investigate the influence of motor impersistence on functional recovery and prog- nosis of patients with left hemiplegia. Methods A total of 64 in-patients with left side hemiplegia who were able to understand the oral instructions were assigned into a motor impersistence group (n = 31 ) and a control group (n = 34) , respectively, according to the assessment with Scale of Motor Impersistence developed by Joynt. Both groups were comparable in terms of the basic clinical characteristic and motor function of patients except motor impersis- tence. The conventional rehabilitation training programs were adopted for all patients in this study. Brunnstrom func- tional category, Ueda Satoshi hemiplegic finger function assessment scale, upper limb function assessment scale, Berg balance scale, Functional ambulatory category, Modified Barthel Index were employed to evaluate the subjects before and after 1 and 2 months of treatment, with regard to the motor function of their upper limbs, walking ability, activities of daily living performance and balance ability. Results After 1 month of treatment, the patients in the M1 group were significantly improved with regard to the motor function of upper limbs, hand function, standing ba- lance and activity of daily living performance( P0.05 ) , while those in the control group were improved with all the parameters except the lower limb function. After 2 months of treatment, patients in both groups were all significantly improved ( P

Objective To investigate neuroprotective effect of AM-36 on secondary brain injury following traumatic brain injury(TBI)in rats.Methods A total of 38 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into an experimental group,a control group and a sham operation group,then sustained to moder- ate TBI.AM-36(0.1 ml/100 g)was administered intraperitoneally in the experimental group and isoton- ic saline solution was administered intraperitoneally in the control and the sham operation groups at 30 mi- nutes,24 and 48 hours after TBI,respectively.The brain water content was determined at 24 hours after TBI.Rats were sacrificed by decapitation at 24 hours or one week after TBI for observing histological changes in peripheral cortex,thalamus and hippocampus by means of Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and Fluoro-Jade(F-J)staining.Results The brain water content of bilateral hemispheres 24 hours after TBI in the experimental group was significantly decreased,compared to that of the control group.Histo- logical examination revealed less degenerating neurons(F-J positive neurons)in the cortex,thalamus, CAI and CA3 of the hippocampus in AM-36 treated rats 24 hours and one week after injury(P＜0.05). Conclusion Systemic administration of AM-36 at the early stage after TBI can decrease brain water content and exert neuroprotective effect on TBI.F-J staining can be used for histopathologic quantitation of neuronal damage,for it can accurately exhibit pathologic changes following TBI induced by fluid per- cussion.

Objective To study the influence of total flavonoids of hemerocallis fulva(TFHF) on hepatocyte apoptosis and related protein expression in mice with alcoholic hepatic injury.Methods A total of 40 mice were randomly divided into four groups:blank control,model control andsmall and high dose TFHF groups,10 cases in each group.The mice were given the continuous gavage administration for 7 d.Then the model group was given once gavage by 50％ ethanol 12.0 mL/kg after 1 h of the last administration.The blank control group was given the equal volume of distilled water.The activity levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum as well as the superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in liver tissue hemogenate were detected.Hematoxylin and Eosin(HE) staining was performed for observing the pathological changes of the liver tissue.The flow cytometer was used to test the apoptosis ratio in hepatocyte suspension.The expressions of caspase-3,Bcl-2 and Bax protein were detected by Western blot.Results The various TFHF groups could decrease the activities of ALT and AST in serum (P＜0.05),while could decrease the MDA content in liver tissue hemogenate (P＜0.01) and increased the SOD activity;the liver tissue pathological examination showed that the high dose TFHF group could make the liver cell degeneration,alleviated the necrosis degree and relieved the pathological change of hepatic tissue;compared with the model group,the hepatocyte apoptosis rate in each TFHF group was decreased significantly;Western blotting results showed that the caspase-3 protein level in each TFHF group was decreased,expression of Bcl-2 protein was increased,whereas which of Bax protein was decreased and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was reduced.Conclnsion TFHF has obvious protective effect on mice acute hepatic injury induced by ethanol,and can inhibit the hepatocyte apptosis,its action mechanism may be related to its antioxidation and regulation of caspase-3,Bcl-2 and Bax expression.

Objective To explore the safty and feasibility of transrectal ultrasound guided transperineal seminal vesicle biopsy in the evaluation of clinical staging of prostate cancer.Methods Retrospectively study 57 suspected prostate cancer patients with seminal abnormality during 2010.7-2015.1,age ranged from 50 to 78 years,average 65 ±7 years,serum total prostate specific antigen (tPSA) 3.2-131.1 μg/L, average (23.7 ± 11.3) μg/L.Twenty-two cases had palpable prostate nodules through rectal examination.All the 57 patients underwent ultrasound and template guided transperineal prostate and seminal vesicle puncture biopsies.Results Forty-four cases out of 57 found prostate cancer cells in biopsies, and 32 cases had seminal vesicle invasion (positive group) while the other 12 were negative.Twenty cases had been performed prostatectomy in the positive group and their post-operative pathological examination all showed prostate cancer with seminal vesicle invasion.Eleven cases in the negative group had been performed prostatectomy ,and 2 cases showed seminal vesicle invasion.The clinical stages of all cases in the positive group were considered as T3b both pre-operatively and post-operatively.In the negative group however, 11 cases were considered as T2 stage pre-operatively,while 2 cases were increased to T3b stage post-operatively.The sensitivity of puncturing seminal vesicle was 91％ (20/22) ,specificity was 100.0％ (9/9).Positive predictive value was 100.0％ (20/20),while negative predictive value was 82％ (9/11).All the 57 cases did not present fever after puncture biopsies, while 23 cases presented hematuria (40％) ,20 cases presented hemospermia (35％) and 1 case presented urinary retention (2％).Conclusions Transrectal ultrasound-guided transperinealseminal vesicle puncture is safe and reliable, it helps to improve the accuracy of pre-operative staging.

BACKGROUND:Poststroke depression is one of the most common psychological behavior disorders after stroke and its mechanism remains unclear. Studies have suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in neurogenesis and synaptogenesis may play an important role in psychology diseases. OBJECTIVE:To observe the expression of miR-137 in the blood and brain of poststroke depression rats and its effect on the behaviors of rats. METHODS:Thirty-six rats were equal y divided into six groups:control, model, agomir-137, agomir-NC, agomir-137+Grin2A and agomir-137+vector groups. Control group had no treatment. Poststroke depression models were established by ligation of middle cerebral artery and chronic mild stimulation in the latter four groups fol owed by receiving an injection of nothing, agomir-137, agomir-NC, LV-CMV-Grin2A or control plasmids into the left lateral ventricle, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:We found significantly lower miR-137 levels in the brain and peripheral blood of post-stroke depression rats compared with normal rats. Vertical scores and horizontal scores on the behavior test were significantly higher in the agomir-137 group than the agomir-NC and model groups at 3 weeks after cerebral ischemia;while, sucrose consumption percentage was also higher in the agomir-137 group at the end of 2 weeks after cerebral ischemia. Luciferase assays showed miR-137 bound to the 3’ UTR of Grin2A, regulating Grin2A expression in a neuronal cel line. Grin2A gene overexpression in the brain of post-stroke depression rats noticeably suppressed the inhibitory effect of miR-137 on post-stroke depression. Overal , these findings show that miR-137 suppresses Grin2A protein expression through binding to Grin2A mRNA, thereby exerting an inhibitory effect on post-stroke depression and offering a new therapeutic target for poststroke depression.

Objective To investigate the effect of long leg orthosis on lower limb function rehabilitation of hemiplegics.Methods38 patients with severe hemiplegia were randomized into the orthosis group(21 cases)and control group(17 cases).All patients were received rehabilitation training,but the patients in the orthosis group wearing long leg orthosis while training.They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer scale for lower limb,Berg Balance Scale,Holden functional walking scale,Modified Barthel Index before and 1 month after training.ResultsThe scores of Berg Balance Scale,Holden Functional Walking Scale and Modified Barthel Index in the orthosis group were better than those of the control group(P<0.01)1 month after training,whereas no significant difference was found in score of Fugl-Mayer Assessment(P>0.05).ConclusionIt's better for those patients with severe hemiplegia wearing long leg orthosis while training.

Mandarin vole (Lasiopodomys mandarinus) spends almost all of its life underground and must have evolved remarkable adaptations to cope with the subterranean hypoxic stress. The aim of present study is to explore the adaptation mechanism through the comparison of hemogram changes under chronic intermittent hypoxia in Mandarin vole and Kunming (KM) mouse (Mus musculus). Mandarin vole and KM mouse were treated with chronic intermittent hypoxia (10.0% oxygen), which was maintained by an oxygen cabin, for 4 h per day during four weeks. Then blood samples from the animals with and without hypoxia treatment were analyzed by a hematology analyzer. The results showed that under normoxic condition mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), white blood cell count (WBC) and platelet (PLT) in Mandarin vole were significantly lower than those in KM mouse. On the contrast, red blood cell count (RBC) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) in Mandarin vole were higher than that in KM mouse. After four-week chronic intermittent hypoxia treatment, the hemogram changes were as following. MCV and HCT were elevated in Mandarin vole, not affected in KM mouse. Both hemoglobin (HGB) content and MCH in KM mouse increased, while only MCH increased in Mandarin vole. No obvious changes of WBC and PLT were found in two species. These results suggest that the adaptive mechanism of blood system in Mandarin vole responding to hypoxic conditions is different from that of KM mouse. As a subterranean vole, the Mandarin vole has a better tolerance to hypoxia.
Adaptation, Physiological ; physiology ; Animals ; Arvicolinae ; blood ; Chronic Disease ; Erythrocytes ; Hemoglobins ; Hypoxia ; blood ; Mice ; blood ; Species Specificity

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of reversed nasolabial flap pedicled with superior labial artery for the recon-struction of nasal and infraorbital defects .Methods From September 2006 to May 2013 ,13 cases with large nasal and infraorbital defects were reconstructed by the reversed nasolabial flap pedicled with superior labial artery .In all patients these defects were re-sulted by the excision of carcinomas .The disease course ranged from 2 months to 28 years .The size of nasal and infraorbital defects was from 2 .0 cm × 1 .2 cm to 4 .0 cm × 3 .6 cm .All defects were restored by the reversed nasolabial flap pedicled with superior labial artery in 10 cases and by the island flap in 3 cases .The size of flap was similar to that of defects .The donor areas were sutured di-rectly .Results All flaps were completely survived .The incision at the donor and accepted sites healed in the first stage .In 4 pa-tients flap revision was performed after 6-12 months because of mild swelling at the pedicles of skin flaps .Patients were followed up for 4-60 months (the mean was 28 .4 months) .All patients were satisfied with the nasal ventilatory function and appearance , flap texture and color .No obvious scars were found at donor sites .Conclusion Reversed nasolabial flap pedicled with superior labial artery is a better choice to repair the nasal and infraorbital defect after excision of carcinomas .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical efficacy of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with standardized house dust mite (HDM) extract for persistent allergic rhinitis (PER).

METHODSNinety-eight patients with moderate to severe PER caused by HDM and who completed SCIT (Alutard SQ, ALK-Abell¨®) or SLIT (Chanllergen-Df drops, Wolwo Pharma) regimen for two years were enrolled in this open-label controlled study. The patients were divided into two groups: SCIT group consisted of 40 patients aged 7 to 57 years old [(19.0 ± 2.7) years, x(-) ± s], and SLIT group consisted of 58 patients aged 6 to 50 years old [(17.7 ± 3.2) years]. The nasal symptoms (sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction and pruritus) were evaluated using a four-point rating scale (from 0 = absent to 3 = severe) as well as 10 cm-visual analogue scale (VAS). Efficacy of SCIT and SLIT was assessed as the mean change from baseline in nasal symptom scores after 2-year course of immunotherapy, and the results were compared. SAS software version 9.1.3 was applied for statistical analysis.

RESULTSBoth SCIT and SLIT significantly reduced the individual symptom score of sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction and pruritus, and the total nasal symptom scores (including 4-point scale and VAS) after 2-year treatment when compared with the baseline (Z value were -3.14, -3.76, -3.09, -3.48, -4.13; -3.63, -3.21, -2.48, -3.56, -3.98, respectively, all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in decreased mean score of the individual and total nasal symptoms (4-point scale) between SCIT and SLIT groups (Z value were -0.97, -0.67, -0.36, -0.04, -0.67, respectively, all P > 0.05). However, a significant reduction of VAS score of nasal obstruction was found in SCIT group after 2-year treatment, compared with SLIT group (t = -2.21, P = 0.032). There was no significant difference in decreased VAS score of three other nasal symptoms as well as global rhinitis severity between two immunotherapy groups (t value were -0.57, -1.93, -1.73, -0.99, respectively, all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSBoth SCIT and SLIT demonstrated clinical improvement in moderate to severe PER patients sensitized to HDM after two years treatment. It is suggested that SCIT may relieve nasal obstruction significantly; however, the overall clinical efficacy is consistent with SCIT and SLIT.

Administration, Sublingual ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Allergens ; immunology ; Animals ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; methods ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pyroglyphidae ; immunology ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult