Objective To investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of injuries of children aged 0 ~14 yrs. Methods Described analysis was used to analyze the epidemiologic characteristics about the age, gender, injury type and cause in children 0~14 years old who visited in emergency department of hospitals form 2006 to 2007. Results During the study period, 16 124 injured children were collected. the rank of injuries type were contused/abrased wound (44.41%), open injury (36.10%), sprain (12.81%), bone fracture (3.25%) and burn/scald injury (1.49%); the cause of injuries were fall down (55.24%), animal injury (21.49%) , blunt injury (8.47%) and traffic injury (6.96%); The common place of injury occurred were at home (53.66%), public and resident place (18.01%), road/street (11.73%) and school (10.70%). The gender ratio was 1.94, the median age was 6 years, the male injury was decrease with the age increase, but so wasn't the female. Conclusion Injury gradually becomes the key health problem and influences the children health. The effective measures should be taken in term of the epidemiology characteristics of the injuries among children at 0-14 to prevent and control injury occurring. The health education of preventing injury occurring and behavior drawback should be conducted as early as possible to raise awareness of injury issues among children in the kindergartens and promote them growing healthily.

Objective To investigate the effect of dynamic regulation of negative pressure values in vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) on healing of soft tissue wounds.Methods From January 2013 to December 2015,115 patients were treated at our institute for open soft tissue defects of Gustilo-Anderson type ⅢaⅢc.They were 69 males and 46 females,aged from 17 to 76 years (average,44.7 years).They were divided into 4 groups to be subjected to different negative pressure values.Group A (n =29) was subjected to negative pressure values from-40 to-20 kPa,group B (n =29) to values from-80 to-60 kPa,group C (n =29) to values from-40 to-20 kPa for the first 72 hours followed by values from-80 to-60 kPa,and group D (n =28) to values from-60 to-80 kPa for the first 72 hours followed by values from-40 to -20 kPa.The 4 groups were compared in terms of drainage volume,wound shrinking,cleaning time,healing time and complications.Results The drainage volumes on the 7th day in groups B and D (4.89 ± 0.66 mL/cm2 and 4.33 ± 0.96 mL/cm2) were significantly higher than those in groups A and C (2.90 ± 0.67 mL/cm2 and 2.99 ±0.56 mL/cm2);the wound shrinking areas on the 14th day in groups B and D (14.16 ± 1.77 cm2 and 13.84 ± 1.65 cm2) were significantly larger than in groups A and C (12.57 ± 1.92 cm2 and 10.95 ± 1.37 cm2) (P ＜ 0.05).The cleaning time in group A was significantly longer than in the other 3 groups (P ＜ 0.05).The healing time in groups A and C was longer than in groups B and D (P ＜ 0.05).The incidences of pain in groups B and C were significantly higher than in groups A and D (P ＜ 0.05).The incidences of infection and blocking in group A were higher than in the other 3 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Dynamic regulation of negative pressure values from-80 to-60 kPa for the first 72 hours followed by values from-40 to-20 kPa is an optimal choice for VSD management of soft tissue defects due to adequate drainage,obvious wound shrinking,quick cleaning and healing,and limited complications.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the apoptosis and proliferation effect of matrine on human medulloblastoma cell line D341 in vitro and the effect of the expression of the related caspase 3 and caspase 9 proteins.

METHODSThe D341 cells were cultivated successfully in vitro. Then the cells were divided into 5 groups according to the concentration of matrine (0.5 mg/mI group, 1.0 mg/ml group, 1.5 mg/ml group, 2.0 mg/ml group and the control group was 0 mg/ml). All the experiments were repeated three times. The cell morphologic and structure change was observed with the optical microscope and the transmission electron microscope. The proliferation of D341 cell was analyzed using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. The expression of Caspase3 and Caspase9 was detected by Western blot.

RESULTSWith the effect of matrine, the proliferation inhibition rate gradually increased with drug concentrations increasing, and there was a significant difference (P < 0.01). The inhibitory effect of matrine on cell proliferation was different with the different treatment time, there was a significant difference between the 24 h to 72 h groups (P < 0.01). The apoptotic rate increased with matrine concentrations increasing. There were significant differences between the group of 0.5 mg/mI or 1.0 mg/mI to the group of 1.5 mg/mI or 2.0 mg/mI (P < 0.05). The apoptotic rate increased with the prolonged treatment time. There were significant differences between the group of 24 h or 48 h to the group of 72 h ( P < 0.05). With the increase of matrine concentration, the expression of Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 increased (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONMatrine induces the apoptosis, and inhibits the proliferation of human medulloblastoma D341 cells in vitro by up-regulation of the expression level of Caspase3, Caspase9.

Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Cerebellar Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Quinolizines ; pharmacology ; Up-Regulation

Humans ; Industry ; Metals ; Occupational Injuries ; United States

Objective To confirm the performance of rate method for detecting ALT in blood donors to verify that it meets the requirements of ISO15189 .Methods according to the requirements of CNSA‐CL02 :2012 the Medical Laboratory Quality and Abili‐ty Recognized Standards and the Blood Station Technical Operation Regulations(edition 2012) ,the precision ,accuracy ,sensitivity , reportable range ,biology reference interval and measurement uncertainty of the detection system were verified .Results The intra‐batch imprecision for the ALT quality control serum and 2 concentrations of blood donor sample detected for 20 times and 20 d was<5 .0% and the inter‐batch imprecision was <6 .7% ;the correct estimates passed the external quality assessment results of the original Ministry of Public Health in 2014 and calibration results analysis .The relative bias was less than 1/2 of CLIA′88 permissi‐ble error;the regression equation of reportable range obtained by the linear regression was Y =0 .995 1X -5 .618 4 ,r=0 .999 7 (R2 =0 .999 4) ,the results within the detection range were correct ;the biological reference interval was 0 .0 -32 .7 U/L and the measurement uncertainty was (74 .90 ± 3 .32)U/L .Conclusion The performance indexes of ALT detection method conform to the expected requirements of ISO15189 .This method can be used as a blood screening test method in laboratory .

Objective To study the mechanism of serum thyroxin and insulin change after hemihepatectomy. Methods The hemihepatectomy was performed in rabbits, the fasting peripheral blood samples were drawn on the day prior to surgery, and 24 hour, 48 hour, the first week, one month after operation respectively for monitoring the serum thyroxin and insulin.Results The level of TT 3 was (1.93?0.47) nmol/L, TT 4 (53.56?8.4) nmol/L preoperatively. The levels of TT 3 and TT 4 significantly decreased at 24 hour postoperatively, and gradually rose at 48 hour and up to normal levels in the first month postoperatively. The level of insulin rapidly rose immediately after operation, and began to decrease in the first week, and returned to the preoperative level in one month after operation. Conclusions The syndrome of normal thyroid disease and the syndrome of non thyroid disease can occur after hemihepatectomy; and hyperinsulinemia also can occur after hemihepatectomy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the applications of percutaneous screw fixation for the treatment of pelvic fractures and its related surgical considerations.

METHODSFrom June 2010 to June 2012,19 patients with pelvic fractures were treated with percutaneous hollow screws. There were 13 males and 6 females, with an average age of 41 years (ranged from 22 to 58 years). Fractures were caused by traffic accidents in 11 cases, by falling down from high place in 8 cases. Based on the Tile classification, there were 15 cases of Tile C type and 4 case of Tile B type. The indexes such as screw inserting time, intraoperative blood loss, complications, functional recovery and reduction conditions were observed. Fixation methods included sacroiliac screws, cannulated screw fixation of the pubic ramus and cannulated screw fixation of the pubic symphysis separation.

RESULTSAnatomical reduction achieved in 7 cases, satisfactory reduction 11 cases, and unsatisfactory reduction 1 case. Union time of fracture union ranged from 8 to 12 weeks (mean 10 weeks). Wound infection,ununion of fracture and nerve injuries were not found. According to the Majeed standards, 12 patients obtained an excellent results, 6 good and 1 fair.

CONCLUSIONPercutaneous screw fixation for the treatment of pelvic fractures under fluoroscopy has several advantages such as less trauma, less blood loss, fewer rates of complications, reliable fixation and no blood transfusion, which can reconstruct the stability of the pelvic ring, but it needs adequate preoperative preparation and high requirements for the surgeon.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvic Bones ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; surgery ; Radiography ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate a method named “one-step procedure”,i.e.,combined duode-noscopy,laparoscopy and choledochoscopy for choledocholithiasis accompanied with cholecystolithiasis.Meth-ods Fifty-three cases with gallbladder stones combined with common bile duct stones diagnosed from February 2012 to February 2014 were assigned to two groups,29 cases in “one-step procedure”group,who underwent duodenoscopy,laparoscopy and choledochoscopy in one operation,and 24 cases in the control group,who first-ly underwent endoscopic sphincterotomy to remove common bile duct stones,and then LC was performed after several days.The rate of complications related to the procedure,success rate of complete stone removal,length of hospital stay and hospitalization expenses were compared between the two groups.Results All 53 patients underwent the surgery and ERCP procedure successfully.There were no significant differences between the“one-step procedure”group and the control group in complication rates[3.4%(1 /29)VS 12.5%(3 /24),P =0.21],complete stone removal rates[96.6%(28 /29)VS 100.0%(24/24),P =0.37].Differences were sig-nificant in length of hospital stay (6.7 ±1.3d VS 10.9 ±1.6d,P <0.01 )and hospitalization expenses (15 724 ±1 613 yuan VS 19 829 ±2 433 yuan,P <0.05)between the “one-step procedure”group and the control group.Conclusion The “one-step procedure”,the combined duodenoscopy,laparoscopy and chole-dochoscopy,is safe,effective,and has smaller length of hospital stay and lower hospitalization expenses.

2cm~2.Conclusions The auto-cranial pedicle flap via endonasal repairing blow-out fractures of or- bital inferior wails is an effective technique.The results are good for improving eye movement especially for fracture ranged≤2cm~2. (Ophthalmol CHN,2007,16:388-390)

Objective To analyse the effect of holmium laser incision through ureteroscopy and simple ureteroscopy treatment for refrac-tory hemospermia. Methods From December 2003 to April 2013,the data of 67 cases with refractory hemospermia were retrospectively ana-lyzed. All the patients underwent semen analysis,transrectal ultrasonography,seminal vesicle ultrasonography,some patients underwent pelvic CT or MRI. Results Simple ureteroscopy were done for 24 cases,holmium laser incision through ureteroscopy were done for 43 cases. Var-ying degrees of ejaculatory duct stenosis or obstruction were observed. Postoperative follow-up was from 6 months to 8 years,in 24 cases of simple ureteroscopy,2 cases experienced recurrence 6 or 8 months later. The ejaculatory duct narrow were found when they received reopera-tion,with holmium laser incision,hemospermia disappeared. No complications such as retrograde ejaculation,urinary incontinence or rectal injury occurred postoperatively. Conclusion The effect of holmium laser incision through ureteroscopy for refractory hemospermia is better than simple ureteroscopy,which is worthy of clinical application needs further observation and summary.