Objective To study the effect of fosinopril on the expression of NADPH oxidase subunit p22phox mRNA and the extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in the kidneys of rats with diabetes mellitus . Methods Diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin were randomly divided into control group(DM group) and fosinopril group (fosinopril 10 mg'kg-1·d-1) (DM+Fosin group) and treated for 12 weeks . Expression of p22phox mRNA of NADPH oxidase in kidneys was measured by RT-PCR . The expression of fibroneetin was studied by immunohistochemistry and matrix metalloproteinases 9 activity was detected by Zymography . Meanwhile, the kidney hypertrophy index, serum creatinine level and 24-hour urinary protein excretion were evaluated . Results The expression level of p22phox mRNA in the kidneys of DM+Fosin group rats was decreased by 45% than that of DM group at week 4 (P＜0 .05) . At week 8 fosinopril significantly decreased the expression of glomerular and tubulointerstitial fibronectin by 52,5% and 42 .9% respectively (P＜0 .05), while increased MMP-9 activity by 29 .6% (P＜0 .05) compared with DM group . Fosinopril significantly decreased 24-hour urinary protein excretion of diabetic rats from week 8 . Serum creatinine level, 24-hour urinary protein excretion and kidney hypertrophy index were significantly decreased by 35 .9%, 50 .2% and 17 .2% in rats of DM+Fosin group than those of DM group at week 12 (P＜0 .05) . Fosinopril did not affect blood sugar significantly . Conclusion Fosinopril has beneficial effect on diabetic nephropathy partly through inhibiting the expression of NADPH oxidase p22 phox mRNA .

AIM: To observe the effect of partial liquid ventilation with perfluorocarbon on gas exchange, hemodynamics and lung histological change in the piglets with surfactant depletion-induced acute lung injury. METHODS: 12 piglets were treated by lung lavage to a partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO 2) below 100 mmHg for one hour and randomly divided into gas ventilation group (control group) and partial liquid ventilation (PLV) group, in PLV group, piglets received PFC (FC3280) intratracheally at doses of 15 mL/kg. The parameters of gas exchange and hemodynamics were measured before lung lavage, after lung lavage when the acute lung injury (ALI) was established, and 1 hour, 2 hours after ALI. Animals underwent euthanasia at the end of the study, lung histologic analysis followed. RESULTS: Surfactant depletion by lung lavage induced a stable acute lung injury.Gas exchange increased markedly in the animals that underwent PLV, less hemodynamic damage was observed in PLV group compared with the animals in GV group. Lung histologic analysis demonstrated a less lung damage, including atelectasis, neutrophil excudation, intra-alveolar hemorrhage and interstitial edema in PLV group compared with control group. CONCLUSION: In piglets with surfactant depletion-induced acute lung injury, partial liquid ventilation with perfluorocarbon can improve the gas exchange with less adverse hemodynamic effect and less lung injury compared with conventional gas ventilation.

ObjectiveTo investigate the immune tolerance function and significance of allogene bone marrow injection to the small intestines transplantation of rats.MethodsInbreeding line rat F344/N and Wistar/A were selected to perform heterotopic graft of the whole small intestine. 7 days before allogene transplantation, donator bone marrow cells (BMC) were injected into thymus of acceptor (the testing group). According to the isogene and allogene rat transplant model, it was comprehended whether injecting allogene donator marrow into acceptor thymus could decrease the acute rejection after transplantation.Results3, 5 or 7 days after allogeneic rat dystopia whole small intestine transplantation, typical reject reaction appeared, but there was no reject reaction in isogenome and testing group. 3 days after allotransplantation, serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and tumor necrotic factor-α (TNF-α) levels were significantly higher than the other groups (P<0.01). The level of serum sIL-2R and TNF-α in the allogene marrow injecting group were only slight higher on the 3rd or 5th day, and getting downtrend, and there was no significant difference compared with isogenic transplantation group.ConclusionAllogenic donator bone marrow intrathymic injecting into acceptor 7 days before small intestina transplantation, can reduce the reject reaction after the grafting. The levels of serum sIL-2R and TNF-α can be selected as a sensitive early diagnosis index of acute rejection after small intestine transplantation.

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between stroke volume variation (SVV) and blood volume during hypovolemia.MethodsTwenty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 20-64 yr,with body mass index 20-30 kg/m2,scheduled for elective orthopedic operation,were studied.Anesthesia was induced with dexamethasone,midazolam,propofol,fentanyl and cisatracurium and maintained with sevoflurane,fentanyl and cisatracurium.The patients were tracheal intubated and mechanically ventilated.HR,MAP,CVP,arterial pressure-based cardiac output (APCO),SVV,systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and cardiac index (CI) were recorded 5 min after tracheal intubation.Blood was taken from central vein at a rate of 30-50 ml/min,the volume was 5％ of the whole blood volume and the haemodynamic parameters mentioned above were recorded after the haemodynamics was kept stable for 5 min.Blood was taken again as the method mentioned above and the haemodynamic parameters were recorded.6％ HES 130/0.4 was then infused at 50-70 ml/min via right internal jugular vein,the volume was equal to 5 ％ of the whole blood volume and the haemodynamic parameters were recorded after the haemodynamics was kept stable for 5 min.Fluid replacement was performed again using the method mentioned above and the haemodynamic parameters were recorded.Linear correlation of the change in blood volume (difference between the blood volume at each time point and the baseline value) with dSVV (difference between the value monitored at each time point and the baseline value) was analyzed.ResultsThere was significant change in SVV,APCO and CI after each change in blood volume ( P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01),while there was not always significant change in HR,MAP,CVP and SVR after each change in blood volume.The change in blood volume was negatively correlated with dSVV ( r =- 0.875,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionThere is high correlation between SVV and blood volume during hypovolemia and SVV can reflect the change in blood volume accurately and be used for volume therapy during hypovolemia.

Objective To investigate the correlation between stroke volume variation (SVV) and blood volume during hypovolemia.Methods Twenty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 20-64 years,with body mass index (BMI) of 20-30 kg/m2,scheduled for elective orthopedic operation were enrolled in this study.Anesthesia was induced with dexamethasone,midazolam,propofol,fentanyl and cisatracurium,and maintained with sevoflurane,fentanyl and cisatracurium.Then the patients received endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation.Heart rate (HR),mean arterial blood pressure (MAP),central venous pressure (CVP),arterial pressure-based cardiac output (APCO),SW,systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and cardiac index (Cl) were recorded 5 minutes after endotracheal intubation.Blood was taken from the central vein at a rate of 30-50 ml/min and the volume was 5％ of the whole blood volume,and then haemodynamic parameters mentioned above were recorded after the haemodynamics were kept stable for 5 minutes.Blood was taken again with the method mentioned above and the haemodynamic parameters were recorded.Then 6％ hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 was infused at 50-70 ml/min via the right internal jugular vein,and the volume was equal to 5％ of the whole blood volume,and then haemodynamic parameters were recorded after the haemodynamics was kept stable for 5 minutes.Fluid replacement was performed again using the method mentioned above and the haemodynamic parameters were recorded.Linear correlation of the changes in blood volume (difference between the blood volume at each time point and the baseline value) with dSVV (difference between the value monitored at each time point and the baseline value) was analyzed.Results Significant changes were found in SW,APCO and Cl after each change in blood volume (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01),while no significant changes were found in HR,MAP,CVP and SVR after each change in blood volume.The change in blood volume was negatively correlated with dSVV (r =-0.875,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion There is high correlation between SVV and blood volume during hypovolemia.And SVV can reflect the changes in blood volume accurately and can be used for volume therapy during hypovolemia.

Objective To evaluate the expression levels of peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PADI4)and B-cells pecific Moloney leukemia virus insert site-1 (BMI-1 )in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues and pericarcinous tissues.To explore the function and clinical significance in the development of ESCC and their association.Methods The expression levels of PADI4 and BMI-1 were measured by immunohisto-chemistry,Western blotting and quantitative real time PCR in ESCC tissues and pericarcinous tissues from 86 patients.The relationships between the expressions of PADI4 and BMI-1 and the clinicopathologic characte-ristics were analyzed.Results The immunohistochemistry showed that the expressions of PADI4 and BMI-1 in ESCC tissues (68.6% and 73.3%)were significantly higher than those in pericarcinous tissues (37.2% and 30.2%,χ2 =1 7.01 1 ,P =0.000;χ2 =31 .876,P =0.000).Western blotting indicated that the levels of PADI4 and BMI-1 were higher than those in pericarcinous tissues (0.91 9 ±0.098 vs.0.71 8 ±0.1 03,t =2.462,P =0.021 ;0.975 ±0.074 vs.0.71 7 ±0.071 ,t =2.640,P =0.01 4).The expressions of BMI-1 and PADI4 mRNA in ESCC tissues were higher than those in pericarcinous tissues,but the differences were not sta-tistically significant (0.091 ±0.005 vs.0.038 ±0.002,t =1 .701 ,P =0.1 01 ;0.1 1 4 ±0.075 vs.0.048 ± 0.003,t =1 .499,P =0.1 46)by the quantitative real time PCR.The expression of PADI4 was correlated with lymph node metastasis (χ2 =5.771 ,P =0.01 6),depth of invasion (χ2 =6.672,P =0.01 0)and clinical stage (χ2 =5.771 ,P =0.01 6).The BMI-1 gene expression had a correlation with lymph node metastasis (χ2 =7.1 76,P =0.007),the differentiation degree (χ2 =1 3.787,P =0.001 )and clinical stage (χ2 =7.1 76,P =0.007).In addition,there was a positive correlation between PADI4 and BMI-1 expression in ESCC by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real time PCR (r =0.21 4,P =0.047;r =0.534,P =0.005).Conclusion The expression levels of PADI4 and BMI-1 are significantly higher in ESCC compared to pericarcinous tissues.PADI4 and BMI-1 are positively correlated and may contribute to the diagnosis and prog-nosis of the ESCC.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of cutaneous branches of reverse second and third dorsal metacarpal artery fasciocutaneous flaps for repair of distal- and middle-segment finger soft tissue defects. MethodsA total of 14 patients with distal- and middle-segment finger soft tissue defects complicated by exposure of the phalanx or tendon were repaired by using cutaneous branches of second and third dorsal metacarpal artery fasciocutaneous flaps ranging between 2.0 cm × 4.5 cm and 3.0 cm × 7.0 cm.ResuitsAll of the skin flaps survived after surgery.Follow-up data during a 6-40 month period showed that the flaps exhibited a satisfactory appearance.They were not fat or clumsy,with a 2-point discrimination of 59 mm,and there was good recovery of finger function.The donor site was able to be directly sutured without dermoplasty.Pigmented linear surgical streaks appeared in the donor site.Conclusion The cutaneous branches of Second and third dorsal metacarpal artery fasciocutaneous flaps provide a good approach for the repair of distal- and middle-segment finger soft tissue defects and functional reconstruction because of convenient dissection,little trauma,sufficient use of the dorsal metacarpal artery.

2cm~2.Conclusions The auto-cranial pedicle flap via endonasal repairing blow-out fractures of or- bital inferior wails is an effective technique.The results are good for improving eye movement especially for fracture ranged≤2cm~2. (Ophthalmol CHN,2007,16:388-390)

Objective To identify the effect of glucose regulating protein 75 expression in PC12 cells under glucose deprivation.Methods MTT method was used to monitor the cell viability.The leakage of LDH was represented as the index of cell injury.Flow cytometry was applied for cell cycle analysis,apoptosis and necrosis.Using RT-PCR detected and quantified mRNA.Western blot to measure relative amounts of the protein.Results Cell viability decreased and the LDH leakage increased.While the treated PC12 cells had two main forms of apoptosis and necrosis.GRP75 mRNA and protein levels were upregulated.Conclusion GRP75 has protective function during glucose deprivation.

Objective To compare the preoperative and postoperative dosimetric results of radioactive seed implantation assisted by 3D printing template in the treatment of chest malignant tumor, and to examine the effect this technique on the precision of radioactive seed implantation.Methods A total of 21 patients who received 3D printing template-assisted CT-guided 125I seed implantation for chest tumors in 2016 were included in the study.The prescribed dose of the treatment was 110-180 Gy.Preoperative planning, individual template production, and puncture and seed implantation were performed in all patients, and the postoperative dosimetric results were then compared with the preoperative plan by assessing various dosimetric parameters including D90, MPD, V100, V150, CI, EI, and HI of gross tumor volume (GTV), D2cc of the spinal cord and aorta, and Dmean and V20 of the affected side of the lung.Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon non-parametric test.Results A total of 21 3D printing templates were designed and produced.The mean GTV volume (preoperative) of all patients was 77.1 cm3, and the mean number of implanted seeds was 68.In addition, the mean D90 of the postoperative GTV was 147.3 Gy.There were slight changes in the dosimetric parameters after treatment (P>0.05).Conclusions 3D printing template allows for accurate positioning and implantation of radioactive seeds during the treatment of chest tumor.Postoperative dosimetric parameters were consistent with those in the preoperative planning, indicating that the 3D printing template provides high precision for the treatment of chest tumor.