Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Europe ; Humans ; United States

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Consensus ; Humans

Objective To study the relationship of surgical procedures with clinical effect in herniat-ed lumbar disc in order to improve operative methods and obtain a better outcome.Methods Retrospec-tive analysis was carried out in7235patients with herniated lumbar disc,who had been operated by removal of nucleus pulposus using small incision and fenestration in our hospital since1983,313cases of whom re-ceived second operation because of postoperative complications.There were187males and126females aging from27to62years(mean,45.8years),the incidence of morbidity was4.32%.During the same period,552patients,who had less approved operative result primarily treated in other hospitals,were admitted to our hospital.There were317males and235females aging from31to64years(mean,46.0years).Results The postoperative complications could be divided into short term(within1month after operation)and mid-dle to long term(more than1month after operation)groups.The total446cases with short term compli-cation were133cases primarily treated in our hospital and313cases in other hospital,including of re-herni a-tion or incomplete nuclear extirpation in77treated with second operation,discitis in106treated with con-servative therapy for 67and second operative management for 39,canal hematoma compression in76treated surgi cally,multi-level herniation and leakage in21and mislocalization in59re-operated,injury of nerve root or cauda equina in85treated with nerve exploration,release and anastomosis,residual materials in canal in17with removal of foreign body,venous thrombus in2,and arachnoiditis in3.The total424cases with middle to long term complications were185cases primarily treated in our hospital and239cases in other hospitals,including of nerve root adhesion in159,recurred disc herniation in122,segmental instability in81,and ia-trogenic spinal stenosis in62.Conclusion Many factors may influence the outcome of herniated lum bar disc which can be abolished by sufficient preparation,careful operation and proper managememt.

This experiment was based on a full-length SAMDC sequence from the drought stress induced cDNA library of Cleistogenes songorica.Two methods,absolute quantification and relative quantification,were used to analyze the gene expression under different tissue and drought stress treatment by real-time quantitaive PCR experiments and were compared each other,while CsSAMDC gene was used as a case.Leaves and roots tissue were sampled from the plants at 0,4,6,8,and 10 d of drought stress and 1 and 4 d after rewatering.The 2-CT method was used to analyze the relative changes in gene expression from quantitative real-time PCR experiments.A standard curve was generated by the purified plasmid DNA.The primer concentration in the realtime PCR was optimized.All absolute quatification data were normalized by the normalization factor from the most stable house-keeping genes in C.songorica.Relative quantification results using 2-CT method showed that CsSAMDC transcripts increased 5.93?0.71 fold in roots,down regulated 0.62?0.13 fold in leaves,under drought stress.Absolute quantification results showed that CsSAMDC transcripts up-regulated in roots significantly under drought stress as 1ong as 8 to 1 0 days after drought stress,while down-regulated in both roots and leaves after drought stress within 6 days and 1 to 4 days after rewatering,compared with control.CsSAMDC transcipt showed similar tendency of gene expression compared by using relative and absolute quantification methods.

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is initiated intraoperatively and may display symptoms postopera- tively following total hip or total knee arthroplasties. Pulmonary embolism (PE) and DVT cause morbidity and mortality. It has been established that patients who undergo a major lower-extremity joint replacement should receive prophylaxis due to the increased risk of DVT. Despite use of thrombo-prophylaxis, elective replacement surgery carries a high risk of venous thromboembolic complications. The early detection of DVT and treatment with systemic anticoagulation to pre- vent DVT are essential in the management of patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty. Extended medical throm- bo-prophylaxis is indicated for some high-risk patients. Routine postoperative duplex surveillance for DVT may be clinically useful. In the early post-operative phase, combined prophylaxis such as low-molecular-weight heparins and mechanical methods may be more effective than single intervention measures. However, the efficacy and safety of an- ticoagulation therapy, using various medicines administered after total arthroplasty of large joints are still undetermined and controversial.We should also be alert to the frequency and extent of postoperative hematomas. There are still many uncertainties in treatments to prevent DVT in terms of safety and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, prospective, ran- domised, controlled and multicenter studies may be necessary to obtain valuable information according to evidence based medicine.

Objective To explore the clinical features and therapeutic strategies of neuralgia after subfrontal craniotomy.Methods 132 neurosurgical patients undergoing selective subfrontal craniotomy without the pain of the incision of scalp were involved. The onset, severity, and characters of the neuralgia were recorded. The therapeutic effects of medicine and nerve block on neuralgia were observed.Results Supraorbital neuralgia (9.8%) and superficial temporal neuralgia (3%) occurred 3～4 days and aggravated 4～7 days after subfrontal craniotomy. The headache could be persistent and become more serious intermittently and irradiated to frontal, parietal, temperal, and para-orbital region. Physical examination revealed homolateral tenderness of supraorbital notch and para-arteria temporalis superficialis. Severity of headache improved dramatically after nerve block therapy.Conclusion It is important to identify whether supraorbital neuralgia and superficial temporal neuralgia are onset after subfrontal craniotomy. Nerve block therapy gets excellent clinical result in treating post-craniotomy neuralgia.

HH (hedgehog) signal pathway consists the hedgehoge ligand (Shh、Ihh and Dhh), the Patch and Smo membrane protein complex and Zinc finger transcription factor Gli (Gli1, Gli2, Gli3). In HH (hedgehog) signaling pathway, Gli1 not only plays a dominant and decisive role in the zinc finger transcription factor Gli (Glioma-associated oncogene homolog) family, but also includes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and oral squamous cell carcinoma, tumor invasion and metastasis. The research on oral squamous cell carcinoma and Shh/Gli1 signal axis is rare. In this paper, the squamous cell carcinoma of oral epithelial mesenchymal transformation and correlation study of quality Gli1 is reviewed.

[Abstract] Objective: To explore the inhibitive effect of asiatic acid (AA) on paclitaxel (PTX)-resistant glioma cells and its possible mechanism. Methods: The effects of AA on the proliferation and apoptosis of glioblastoma U87MG cells were detected by CCK-8 assay, Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting. The drug-resistant glioma cell line PR-U87MG was established by culturing the cells in concentration-increasing PTX. With U87MG cells as control, the PTX-resistance of PR-U87MG cells was confirmed using CCK-8 assay, and the mRNA and protein levels of MDR1 and LRP were measured with qPCR and western blotting. PR-U87MG cells were treated with AA, PTX or AA+PTX, and then the cell viability and apoptosis of each group were measured with CCK-8 assay, qPCR and Western blotting. Results: PTX-resistant PR-U87MG cell line was successfully established. AA inhibited the viability of U87MG and PR-U87MG cells in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01) and significantly promoted their apoptosis (P<0.01). Compared with the group treated with AA or PTX alone, the group treated with the combination of AA and PTX had significantly decreased protein levels of PARP1 (P<0.01), drug-resistant related proteins (Pgp-1 and LRP [lung resistance protein], all P< 0.01), and markedly increased caspase 3 (P<0.01). Conclusion: AA could effectively enhance the sensitivity of U87MG cells to PTX, and the mechanism may be related to the suppressed expression of drug efflux-associated proteins Pgp-1 and LRP.

Objective: To prepare a composite membrane by chitosan/β-sodium glycerophosphate(CS/β-GP) thermosensitive hydrogel combined with stromal cell derived factor-1(SDF-1) and observe its biological characteristics in vitro. Methods: Different doses of SDF-1 were added into CS/β-GP solution and then the thermosensitive gel time was measured. The SDF-1/CS/β-GP solution was membrane paved and dried to prepare composite membranes. The morphological characteristics were observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM). Composite membranes were placed into cell culture medium, and the supernatant(n=3) was extracted after standing at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 h, respectively. The concentration of SDF-1 in the solution was measured. Bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) were cultured in the Transwell room, and the composite membranes containing different concentrations of SDF-1 were placed in the lower chamber. There were four groups(n=3): Group M0 used CS/β-GP membrane(control group), Group M1, M2, M3 used SDF-1/CS/β-GP membrane(SDF-1 was 100, 200, 400 ng/mL respectively). After culture for 6, 12 and 24 h, the cells under the membrane were preserved and Giemsa stained and counted. The absorbance(OD) value was measured by MTT method to calculate the cell proliferation rate. SPSS 19.0 was used for multi-factor analysis of variance. Results : After adding a certain amount of SDF-1 into CS/β-GP solution, the gel time did not change significantly(P>0.05). The SDF-1/CS/β-GP membrane was translucent and porous at 37 ℃. In this experiment, the volumic mass of SDF-1 released by SDF-1/CS/β-GP composite membrane increased gradually with the experimental time(P<0.01). Transwell cell chemotaxis test showed that the number of BMSCs cells with directional migration increased with the prolongation of observation time(P<0.01) and the increase of SDF-1 volumic mass(P<0.01). In MTT test, the OD value of migration cell solution increased with the prolongation of time(P<0.01) and the increase of SDF-1 volumic mass(P<0.01). Conclusion The SDF-1/CS/β-GP composite membrane has a porous structure and biological activity of chemotactic BMSCs directional migration. It is a potential membrane for guided tissue regeneration.

Objective To construct a fusion protein that used for treatment of resistance and palindromia in leukemia and studied its biological activity. Methods IL-3 and LP gene fragments were amplified by PCR. After enzymatic digestion and T4 ligation, the fusion gene was cloned into expression vector pAYZ. The product was purified by exchange chromatography and anti-Etag affinity chromatography. IL3-G4SLP fusion protein was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Protein biological activity was detected by FACS. Results The fusion protein was expressed as soluble protein by E.Coli 16C9. The protein expression level was about 1 mg/L, its purity was over 95 %, and the expression level was about 1 mg/L. The fusion protein can combined specificely with CD123 on leukemia stem cells. Conclusion Fusion protein IL-3-G4S-LP can target on leukemia stem cells and maybe as a potential drug used for treatment of resistance and palindromia in leukemia.