PURPOSE: This study is to assess the quality of life(QOL) of hematic cancer survivors after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT) and received chemotherapy(RC) to prepare basic information for nursing interventions in order to improve the patients' QOL. METHOD: The data were collected by self-reporting questionnaire from January to March, 2003 intended for outpatients at the Cancer center of D university hospital in Busan. All 44 of them were diagnosed as hematic cancer and had spent 100 days after getting HSCT and complete remission(CR) throughout RC. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test. ANOVA using SPSS/WIN 10.0 program. RESULTS: The total mean score of the QOL was moderate. In case of survivors in HSCT, the total mean score of the QOL was 5.81+/-.08, and that of survivors in RC was 5.94+/-.13. The facts above has not been considered statistically as the result of analysis of differences in each domain of the QOL depending on the general characteristics of the objects of this study. CONCLUSION: The total mean score of the QOL was at moderate levels, indicating that the survivors after HSCT and RC were perceiving their QOL as moderate. In the nursing business aspect, the most important thing is to understand the QOL which the 2 groups of the survivors perceive, and the plans of nursing intervention that can be helpful to more qualitative life should be studied constantly.
Busan ; Commerce ; Drug Therapy* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells* ; Humans ; Nursing ; Outpatients ; Quality of Life* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Survivors*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate breastfeeding effectiveness scale to measure effectiveness of breastfeeding for mothers in the early postpartum period. METHODS: A conceptual framework was constructed from properties of effective breastfeeding (Yang and Seo, 2011), and item construction was derived from literature review and analysis of the data along with interviews with breastfeeding mothers. Content validity was tested by experts. Each item was scored on a five-point Likert scale. The preliminary questionnaire was administered to 248 breastfeeding mothers. Data were analyzed using item analysis, factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Cronbach's α. RESULTS: From the factor analysis, 20 items in seven factors were derived. The factors were identified as mother's satisfaction, suckling, assurance of milk quantity, infant's satisfaction, latching on, infant's feeding desire, and breastfeeding positioning. The seven factors explained 65.1% of total variance, Cronbach's α of the total items was .83 and the factors ranged from .44 to .75. CONCLUSION: Results of this study suggest that breastfeeding effectiveness scale is a reliable and valid instrument to measure breastfeeding effectiveness of mothers in the early postpartum period.
Breast Feeding* ; Humans ; Milk ; Mothers ; Postpartum Period ; Weights and Measures

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and test the validity and reliability of the Ethical Sensitivity Scale for Clinical Nurses (ESSCN). Methods: 40 items for the preliminary instrument of ESSCN were developed through a literature review and deep interviews with 8 clinical nurses. The scale validation was conducted with a convenience sample of 344 nurses recruited from four general hospitals in Busan and the Gyeongnam area. Content validity, construct validity, criterion validity, convergent validity and discriminative validity were used to evaluate the validity. Cronbach’s ⍺ and test-retest were used to evaluate the reliability of ESSCN. Results: The 36-item ESSCN was found to have eight subscales- patient respect, professional ethics, nursing practice responsibilities, willingness to do good, ethical contemplation, ethical burden, perception of ethical situation and empathy- explaining 61.4% of the total variance. The correlation coefficient between ESSCN and the Korean Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire was .52 (p<.001). Criterion-related validity was supported by known-group comparison. The Cronbach's ⍺ reliability coefficient was .92 and test-retest reliability coefficient was .89 (p<.001). Conclusion The results of this study suggest that the ethical sensitivity scale is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring ethical sensitivity by clinical nurses.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to analyze and clarify the concept of the effective breastfeeding. METHODS: This study used Walker and Avant's process of concept analysis. RESULTS: Effective breastfeeding is how to give infant adequate milk, which fulfills needs of mother and infant, from her breast so that they can be satisfied with the process and results. It included the effective breastfeeding properties as follows: feeding behaviors (positioning, latch on, and suckling), transferring a breast milk to an infant, mother-infant interaction, and satisfying their desires (satisfaction, comfort, mother's self-confidence, infant's adequate weight gain and defecation, adequate breastfeeding interval). The antecedent of effective breastfeeding were anatomical and functional normal breast, breastfeeding knowledge and steady-state of mother, and feeding desire, rooting reflex and normal oral cavity of infant. The consequences of effective breastfeeding were exclusive breastfeeding, infant and maternal health and wellbeing, and achievement of mother and infant attachment. CONCLUSION: The meaning of effective breastfeeding defined in this study will contribute to develop the effectiveness breastfeeding assessment tool and the nursing intervention for ineffective breastfeeding.
Achievement ; Breast ; Breast Feeding ; Defecation ; Feeding Behavior ; Humans ; Infant ; Maternal Health ; Milk ; Milk, Human ; Mothers ; Mouth ; Reflex ; Weight Gain

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to analyze and clarify the concept of 'motivation for vocational rehabilitation in persons with mental disabilities'. METHODS: A hybrid model was used to analyze the concept of motivation for vocational rehabilitation in persons with mental disabilities. The model included a comprehensive literature review and field study. Field study was conducted through in-depth interviews with 5 persons with mental disabilities who had employment experience and participant observation in rehabilitation facilities. RESULTS: The concept of motivation for vocational rehabilitation in persons with mental disabilities was found to be a complex phenomenon having meaning in two dimensions: Goal-oriented and cognitive dimensions. Five attributes and fourteen indicators were defined. Motivation for vocational rehabilitation in these persons was defined as a recognition of the need to get a job, and the willingness and confidence to get and keep a job in order to achieve normal life, happiness, economic stability, and their value. CONCLUSION: The findings from this study will contribute to the development of assessment tools and nursing interventions to reinforce the motivation for vocational rehabilitation in persons with mental disabilities.
Employment ; Happiness ; Humans ; Mentally Disabled Persons ; Motivation* ; Nursing ; Occupations ; Rehabilitation ; Rehabilitation, Vocational*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that influence children's mental health state. METHODS: The subjects were 127 boys and 132 girls in the 5th and 6th grades of elementary school. Data were collected through Child Problem-Behavior Screening Questionnaire, Parental Behavior Rating Scale, Conflict Tactics Scales, Self-Esteem Scales, and Index of Peer Relations. Subjects were divided into the risk group and normal group of the mental health state by the scores of CPSQ and were analyzed by chi2 test, t-test, and logistic regression using SPSS/WIN 14.0. RESULTS: The risk group was 70.3% and normal group was 29.7% of the subjects. Self-esteem, peer relationship, and academic achievement were important factors influencing children's mental health state. CONCLUSION: Results of this study suggest interventions to improve self-esteem, peer relationship, and academic achievement for promoting children's mental health state.
Child ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Mass Screening ; Mental Health* ; Parents ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Weights and Measures

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that influence children's mental health state. METHODS: The subjects were 127 boys and 132 girls in the 5th and 6th grades of elementary school. Data were collected through Child Problem-Behavior Screening Questionnaire, Parental Behavior Rating Scale, Conflict Tactics Scales, Self-Esteem Scales, and Index of Peer Relations. Subjects were divided into the risk group and normal group of the mental health state by the scores of CPSQ and were analyzed by chi2 test, t-test, and logistic regression using SPSS/WIN 14.0. RESULTS: The risk group was 70.3% and normal group was 29.7% of the subjects. Self-esteem, peer relationship, and academic achievement were important factors influencing children's mental health state. CONCLUSION: Results of this study suggest interventions to improve self-esteem, peer relationship, and academic achievement for promoting children's mental health state.
Child ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Mass Screening ; Mental Health* ; Parents ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Weights and Measures

PURPOSE: The study was conducted to explore experience of using humor among psychiatric-mental health nurses. METHODS: Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to collect data from 30 nurses working in community mental health centers or psychiatric wards. Data were categorized and coded using content analysis. RESULTS: The findings confirm that 11 categories, 43 sub-categories, and 104 statements were drawn from 4 domains. The four domains included effectiveness of humor, effective use of humor, ineffective use of humor, and barriers and promotive strategies to the use of humor. Nurses experienced positive and negative effects of humor. Popular fad words, jokes, imitation, and compliments were identified as effective types of humor. Discounting humor and belittling humor were identified as ineffective types of humor. Effective humor was humor that was used after establishing a trust relationship and when the patient's mental status was stable. Barriers to using humor were heavy workload, nurses' careful character, and nurses' concern about patients' responses. CONCLUSION: Nurses should assess the nurse-patient relationship and patients' mental status when they plan to use humor. In addition, hiring more nurses and providing education about humor are suggested to improve sense of humor and recognize the effectiveness of humor.
Community Mental Health Centers ; Education ; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide ; Mental Health ; Psychiatric Nursing

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify effects of 'mental illness education using movies' on the perceptions and attitudes toward mental illness held by middle and high school teachers. METHODS: The participants were 66 middle and high school teachers, 33 in the experimental group and 33 in the control group. The 'mental illness education using movies' was given to the experimental group twice a week for two weeks. The perceptions and attitudes toward mental illness were measured using the Knowledge and Attitude toward Mental Illness Questionnaire developed by Park, Paik, and Kwack (1995). RESULTS: After the mental illness education, there was a significant difference between the experiment and control group for psychological and environmental concepts toward mental illness (t=7.10, p<.001). CONCLUSION: 'Mental illness education using movies' has limited effects on the perceptions and attitudes of middle and high school teachers toward mental illness. The results of this study indicate that further research is needed with a revised contents of 'the mental illness education using movies' if perceptions and attitudes are to be changed.
Education* ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The study was performed to identify the process of change, decisional balance and self-efficacy corresponding to the stage of smoking cessation behavior based on Transtheoretical Model in industrial workers. METHOD: A convenience sample of 146 industrial workers except for the never smokers, were recruited at a H industry in Ulsan. Data were collected from February 1 to 28, 2002. The research instruments were Stages of Change of Smoking Cessation Measure(DiClemente et al, 1991), Process of change(Prochaska, 1988), Smoking Abstinence Self Efficacy (SASE: DiClemente et al, 1985) and Decisional balance(SDB; Kim, 1999). RESULT: The results of this study were as follows; 1. The subjects were distributed in each stage of smoking cessation change: There were 64 subjects (43.0%) in the precontemplation stage, 35 subjects(23.5%) in the contemplation stage, 28 subjects(18.8%) in the preparation stage, 14 subjects(10.1%) in the action stage and 7 subjects(4.7%) in the maintenance stage. 2. Analysis of variance showed that experiental process(F=2.808, p=.042), behavioral process (F=4.567, p=.004) self-efficacy(F=9.809, p=.000), pros(F=11.107, p=.000), cons(F=6.686, p=.000), pros- cons(F=3.446, p=.018) were significantly associated with the stages of smoking cessation change. 3. Through discriminant analysis, it was found that 'PROS' was the most influential variable in discriminating the four stages of change. CONCLUSION: This study can provide the basis of staged matching smoking cessation program using TTM for more effective and useful intervention.
Self Efficacy* ; Smoke* ; Smoking Cessation* ; Smoking* ; Ulsan