Cytokinesis ; Micronucleus Tests

Objective To objectively analyze the manifestation of sleep disorders in patients with Parkinson' s disease (PD) using polysomnogram (PSG) and multiple sleep latency test (MSLT). Method Twenty-six patients (PD group)with PD and 31 controls without CNS diseases( control group) underwent all night ambulatory video-polysomnographic monitoring and MSLT on the next day. Sleep architecture, mean sleep latency,sleep onset rapid eye movement (REM) periods(SOREMPs) and sleep attacks(Sas) of the two groups were analyzed. Results When compared to the controls, percentage of NREM stage 2 sleep,percentage of REM sleep, mean sleep latency in the PD patient group were significantly decreased (32.8% ±13.1% vs40.2% ±9.1%,t = -2.515;8.6% ±5.3% vs 11.5% ±5.1%,t = -2.054;(9.6 ± 4. 4) min vs ( 15.7 ± 3. 1 ) min, t = - 6. 1 64, all P ＜ 0. 05 ), while arousal index was significantly increased ( (41.8 ± 32. 1 )/h vs ( 28.6 ± 1 1. 0 )/h, t = 2. 151, P ＜ 0. 05 ). The prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS; 7/26, 26. 9% ) was higher in the PD patient group than in the controls (1/31,3. 2%; ×2 =4. 764,P＜0. 05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that after adjusting for sleep efficiency, apnea hypopnea index, arousal index, decreasing mean sleep latency in PD patients was significantly associated with both age( β = -0. 328) and levodopa equivalents( β = -0. 008; t = -2. 829,-2. 352,all P ＜ 0.05). SOREMPs occurred in 5 of 26 (19.2%) PD patients and Sas occurred in 3 ( 11.5% ) PD patients but did not occur in the controls. Conclusion Changes in sleep architectures and EDS are more common in PD patients. Physicians should be highly vigilant in recognizing Sas, which are uncommon in PD patients.

Objective To compare the appearances between chronic mastitis and breast cancer on MRI and investigate the differ-ential diagnostic value.Methods MRI data of 20 patients with chronic mastitis pathologically proved by biopsy or operation were ret-rospectively analyzed.30 cases of breast cancer were contemporaneously chosen as the control group.Morphological feature and dy-namic contrast-enhanced(DCE)manifestation of the lesions were evaluated and statistical difference was compared between mastitis and breast cancer.Morphological feature included configuration,spiculated sign,ring-like enhancement,peri-focal edema,skin thick-ening,nipple involvement and axillary lymph nodes enlargement.DCE manifestation contained calculating early enhancement ratio and drawing time-intensity curve (TIC).Results There were significant statistical differences among configuration,ring-like en-hancement and peri-focal edema between mastitis and breast cancer,respectively.No statistical differences could be found among spiculated sign,skin thickening,nipple involvement and axillary lymph nodes enlargement.Early enhancement ratio in the group of mastitis was 1.1 56±0.635 while 1.253±0.499 in the group of breast cancer and there was no statistical difference between them. There were 1 1 cases with type Ⅰ TIC,6 with type Ⅱ,3 with type Ⅲ in the lesions of mastitis,while 4 with type Ⅰ,1 1 with typeⅡ,1 5 with type Ⅲ in the lesions of breast cancer and significant statistical differences could be found between two groups.Conclu-sion Mastitis usually manifests as non-mass-like lesions on MRI.Ring-like enhancement,peri-focal edema and benign type TIC can be applied to discriminate mastitis from breast cancer.

Background Bevacizumab has been widely used in the treatment of new blood vessel disease in ophthalmology.The investigation of the pharmacokinetics and safety after intracameral injection of bevacizumab can offer the basis for the management of iris neovascularization and neovascular glaucoma.Objective The present study was to observe the distribution of bevacizumab(avastin)in eye tissue and toxic effects following the injection of anterior chamber.Methods Twenty-four New Zealand albino rabbits were divided into two groups randomly.0.05 ml (1.25mg)of Bevacizumab was intracamerally injected into the left eyes in the experimental group,and a balanced salt solution of 0.05 ml was injected in the same way into the left eyes of the control group.The anterior segment of eyes and ocular fundus were examined by slit-lamp microscope and direct ophthalmoscope after injection.Intraocular pressure was measured and corneal endothelial microscopy was performed before and after the injections.Five rabbits of the two groups were sacrificed on the first day,the fourth day,the seventh day,the fourteenth day,and the thirtieth day after injection,and the eyeballs were enucleated for histopathological examination.The ultrastructure of eye tissue was observed under the transmission electron microscope on the fourth day and the thirtieth day,and then immunofluorescence staining were performed to assess the distribution of bevacizumab in the eye tissues.This experiment complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission(Version 1988).Results No abnormality in the cornea,lens,vitreous and retina was observed after the injection of bevacizumab under the slit lamp microscope and direct ophthalmoscope.No significant differences were found in intraocular pressure and corneal endothelial cell density in the bevacizumab group compared with the control group before injection and 2 hours,1 day,7 days,14 days,30 days after injection(P =0.760,P =0.956).No histopathological and ultrastructural changes of the cornea,lens,chamber angle,iris,ciliary body and retina were seen after the injection in the experimental group and control group under the light microscope and transmission electron microscope.Bevacizumab was distributed in the anterior chamber angle,iris,ciliary body,choroid and retina in injected eyes and fellow eyes after intracameral injection with red fluorescence and presented the dynamic changes with the lapse of time.The immunofluorescence response of eye tissue to bevacizumab was weaker in the fellow eyes compared with injected eyes.Bevacizumab was mainly distributed in the vessel wall and lumen.Conclusions Bevacizumab can quickly distribute in the vascular tissue of the anterior chamber angle,iris,ciliary body,choroid and retina in injected eyes after intracameral injection without obvious toxic effects to eye tissue.Bevacizumab administered intracamerally may be a new strategy or a joint strategy for iris neovascularisation.

Background:Diagnosis of liver cirrhosis in early stage with early intervention may stabilize disease progression, avoiding or delaying the occurrence of decompensation. Seeking non-invasive serum biomarkers is becoming an important topic in the diagnosis and assessment of liver cirrhosis. Aims:To study the value of serum miR-192 and miR-29a as non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis. Methods:Differentially expressed serum miRNAs between patients with liver cirrhosis and healthy controls were screened through online literature retrieval and then confirmed by real-time PCR. Serum levels of two confirmed miRNAs,miR-192 and miR-29a were analyzed in 120 patients with liver cirrhosis and 76 healthy volunteers by real-time PCR. A mathematical model of combined detection of miR-192 and miR-29a for diagnosis of liver cirrhosis was established by binary logistic regression. The diagnostic performance of various non-invasive serum indicators was evaluated by ROC curve analysis. Results:Compared with healthy controls,expression level of serum miR-192 in cirrhotic patients was significantly increased and that of serum miR-29a was significantly reduced(P ﹤ 0. 001). The diagnostic performance of risk score obtained from mathematical model of combined detection of serum miR-192 and miR-29a was superior to that of single miRNA detection or other non-invasive serum indicators,such as APRI,FIB-4 and ARR,the areas under ROC curve of the above mentioned indicators were 0. 968,0. 887,0. 933,0. 796,0. 793,and 0. 571,respectively. Serum levels of miR-192,miR-29a and the risk score of their combined detection were significantly correlated with the stage of liver cirrhosis according to the Child-Pugh classification( P ﹤ 0. 05). Conclusions:Serum miR-192,miR-29a and the risk score of their combined detection might be novel non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis and assessment of liver cirrhosis.

Objective To evaluate the prevention of glucocorticoid -induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head(ANFH)with Tongluo Shenggu Capsule(TSC).Methods One hundred and twenty adult SD rats were randomized into six groups:normal control group,model group,clofibratum group and three -dose TSC groups(high -,moderate -and low -dose respectively).ANFH rat models were established by injection of glucocorticoid once per week and the med-ication groups were given drugs by ga stric infusion one time a day.The rats were killed in the fourth,eighth and twelfth week respectively.Then the macrosc opic and microscopic feature of the f emoral head were observed,and ink -p erfused specimens of the femoral head were detected and analyzed by auto -photograph software of Metamoph to evaluate the pre-ventive effect of TSC.Results In TSC groups,bone trabecula grew we ll,similar to the normal group;lacu nar bone per-centage was lower than that in the mod el group;fatty degeneration in marrow cavity of the femoral head was redu ced,andthe number of subcartilaginous bloo d vessels and their diameter were increased as compared with those in the model group(P

Objective To study the clincial effectiveness and safety of endoscopic sphincteropapillotomy combined with balloon dilation for decompensated cirrhosis accompanied with choledocholithiasis.Methods Data of 79 cases of decompensated cirrhosis patients with choledocholithiasis who underwent limited endoscopic sphincterotomy plus endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (ESBD,the ESBD group) and 42 cases who underwent endoscopic papillary balloon dilation(EPBD,the EPBD group)were retrospectively analysed and compared for complete stone clearance rate,one-time stone clearance rate and complications.Results The rate of complete stone clearance and one-time stone clearance were 94.9％ (75/79) and 77.2％ (61/79)in ESBD group,and those were 88.1％ (37/42) and 59.5％ (25/42) in EPBD group respectively.The rate of complete stone clearance was a little higher in ESBD group than that in EPBD group.In ESBD group,ERCP-related bleeding occurred in 3 patients (3.8％),post-ERCP hyperamylasemia in 3 (3.8％)and post-ERCP pancreatitis in 2 (2.5％) ; while in EPBD group,post-ERCP hyperamylasemia occurred in 8 patients(19.0％),post-ERCP pancreatitis in 6(14.3％) and ERCP-related bleeding did not occur.There were no significant difference in ERCP-related bleeding between ESBD group and EPBD group (P =0.551).However,the rates of post-ERCP pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia in ESBD group were significantly lower than those in EPBD group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion ESBD is a safe and effective procedure for choledocholithiasis accompanied by decompensated cirrhosis,with several advantages over EPBD in terms of higher one-time stone clearance rate,reduced risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia,and without noticeable increase in the risk of bleeding related to ERCP.

Objective To find out the prevalence of bullying behaviors among urban middle school students in China. Methods An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among middle school students selected by multiply stage cluster random sampling in 18 provinces in China. 187 328 self- administration questionnaires were finished by students from grade 7 to 12 in urban middle school(male,86 472; female, 91 106), in which 177 578 were valid. Results Bullying was common in urban middle school students in China. Multiple bullying behavior also existed. About 66.1% of boys and 48.8% of girls suffered from one or more kinds of bullying; 8.1% of boys and 2.9% of girls suffered from four or more kinds of bullying. Boys were more likely to be bullied than girls. Malicious teasing was the most common bullying behavior(43.2%), followed by sexual bullying behavior(27.0%). In addition to malicious teasing and sexual bullying, the prevalence of other types of bullying declined when the grade was increasing. Residential students were more likely to be maliciously teased, excluded or isolated and sexual bullied than non-residential students. Students from single-parent or recomposed-families were more likely to be bullied than other students. Male and ordinary school students, students living with single or step-parents were more likely to suffer multiple bullying behaviors at the same time. Conclusion The suggesting among students was associated with personal, familiar and social factors, mobilize more social forces and comprehensive actions to be taken to prevent bullying among students.

Objective To summarize the advantage and application of evaporative light scattering detector(ELSD) for the analysis of natural drugs .Methods The application of ELSD in natural medicine analysis was reviewed in the article .Results ELSD in analysis of natural drugs ,natural drugs quality standards research ,fingerprint ,multi‐spectrum combination technology and high‐throughput screening had been widely applied .Conclusion Evaporative light scattering detector had a broad applica‐tion prospect .