OBJECTIVE:To investigate therapeutic efficacy and recurrence rate of vaginal administration of lactobacillus com-bined with chlorquinaldol-promestriene for senile patients with atrophic vaginitis. METHODS:150 senile patients with atrophic vag-initis were selected and divided into group A,B,C according to random number table,with 50 cases in each group. Group A was given Lactobacillus vaginal capsules,2 capsules,qd (at bedtime);group B given Chlorquinaldol-promestriene vaginal tablets,1 tablet,qd(at bedtime);group C given Chlorquinaldol-promestriene vaginal tablets,1 tablet,qd(at bedtime),and Lactobacillus vaginal capsules,2 capsules,qd,next morning,implanting into vagina. 3 groups received treatment for 18 d. Clinical efficacy, vaginal health score,vaginal symptom score and vaginal pH value were observed in 3 groups,and the occurrence of ADR and re-currence rate during follow-up period (12 months) were recorded. RESULTS:The total effective rate of group C was 94.00%, which was significantly higher than group A(72.00%)and B(74.00%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). Before treatment, there was no statistical significance in vaginal health score,vaginal symptom score and vaginal pH value among 3 groups (P>0.05). After treatment,vaginal health score of 3 groups were increased significantly,while vaginal symptom score and vaginal pH value were decreased significantly;and the improvement of above indexes in group C were significantly better than in group A and B,with statistical significance(P<0.05). No obvious ADR was found in 3 groups during treatment. The recurrence rate of group C during follow-up period(4.00%)was significantly lower than that of group A(18.00%)and group B(20.00%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Vaginal administration of lactobacillus combined with chlorquinaldol-promestriene for se-nile patients with atrophic vaginitis can effectively relieve clinical symptoms and signs,improve vaginal cleanliness,regulate the lo-cal pH value and reduce the risk of recurrence,with good safety.

? amyloid protein(A?) including A?40 and A?42 are the important bioactive substances in vivo.Their toxic and beneficial attributes in the body depend on its concentration.The brain A? level is maintained by two balances under the physiological condition.The first balance is the generation involved in ?-secretase and ?-secretase and the degradation involved in neprilysin(NEP) and insulin-degrading enzyme(IDE) of A?. The second one is the balance between the receptor for advanced end glycation products(RAGE)-mediated influx and low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein 1(LRP1)-mediated efflux of A? across the blood-brain barrier(BBB).Breakdowning any one of the two balances would result in the aggregation and precipitation of A? in the brain,which is a crucial event in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease(AD).This paper reviews the regulation of brain A? level under the physiological condition and the reducing strategies on the level of brain A? under the pathological condition for developing new drugs in the treatment of AD.

Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; methods ; Humans ; Proteomics ; methods ; Urinalysis ; methods

The present study visualized the knowledge map of research hotspots and changes of keywords by importing literatures from The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2000 ～ 2011) into CiteSpace.Analysis of the research hotspots (keywords),evolution of clinical nutrition,and front-line research based on tf-idf algorithm was then performed.

Objective To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters and bioavailability of puerarin in Yufeng Ningxin tablets in mice by determining dose-time curve and by comparing with the pharmacokinetics of puerarin injection.Methods NIH mice were randomized into different groups. 6 %HClO4 was used to precipitate plasma protein and the plasma concentration of puerarin in mice was determined by HPLC.The PK solutions 2.0 program,a non-compartmental model software,was applied to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters and bioavailability.Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters of puerarin injection by i.v.in mice were:t1/2=98.359 min,CL=35.548 mL?min-1,AUC(0-∞)=281.3 ?g?min?mL-1;the main pharmacokinetic parameters of puerarin in Yufeng Ningxin tablets by o.p.were:t1/2 =35.562 min,CL=898.685 mL?min-1,Cmax=9.3 ?g?mL-1,Tmax=30 min,AUC(0-∞)=222.5 ?g?min?mL-1 ,F(bioavailability value)=3.95 %comparing to puerarin injection.Conclusion As compared with puerarin injection,the absorptive content of puerarin in Yufeng Ningxin tablets is very poor and the bioavailability is also low,indicating that enhancement of bioavailability of Yufeng Ningxin tablets will be beneficial to the clinical application.

A new ionizing-radiation resistant strain WGR702 was isolated from arid soils which had been ra-diated. The strain WGR702 was Gram-positive and coccus, the diameter of the cell was 1.5 ?m～2.5?m.The strain WGR702 was pink-pigmented, motile, facultative anaerobe and non-spore forming. The range tem-perature and pH for strain WGR702 growth were 10℃～35℃ and pH 5.0～10.0 respectively. The strain WGR702 had a G+C content of 60.5 mol%. UV and gamma radiation survival curves showed the strain WGR702 had highly ionizing-radiation resistant. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA gene sequences (EU315117) showed 94.79%～98.53% similarities with other recognized Serratia species. Primary charac-teristics that distinguish isolate WGR702 from the species of genus Serratia include the cells are spherical and Gram-positive. Based on the phenotypic, biochemical and physiological characteristics differences it is proposed that the new isolated strain WGR702 might be classified as a novel species of Serratia.

Objective To determine the prevalence of female urinary incontinence among Chinese people in different areas. Methods A sampling survey of urinary incontinence was conducted on 668 female adults in a Beijing community,the Uygur region and a residential district inside the First Hospital of Peking University with questionnaire. Results The prevalence of female urinary incontinence was 46.5%(94/202) in the Beijing community,43.8%(134/306) in the Uygur Region and 40.6%(58/143) in the residential district inside the First Hospital of Peking University.The ratios of those who consulted with doctors to the separate surveyed population were 24.5%(23/94),29.1%(39/134),13.8%(8/58),respectively. Conclusions The prevalence of female urinary incontinence is similar in different population.Only a few of these women went to doctors,especially among the hospital staff and workers.

Objective To verify the reference interval for D-dimer assay and analyze the influence of age and gender on the ref-erence interval.Methods Inclusion criteria for reference individuals were established.60 healthy males and 63 females were enrolled and divided to three groups by age,including 20 to 39 years old group (20 males and 20 females),40 to 59 years old group (20 males and 23 females)and above 60 years old group (20 males and 20 females).Blood samples were drawn in cit-rate sodium anticoagulated tubes and D-dimer concentration was determined by three different coagulation analyzers using o-riginal reagents.According to CLSI guideline C-28-A3,the reference interval for each measurement system from reagent manufacturer was verified and the difference of D-dimer concentration between different age-group and sex-group was ana-lyzed using non-parameters tests.Results All reference intervals were verified for people under age 40,while one reference interval cannot be verified for people from 40 to 59 years old as same as one for people above 60 years old.D-dimer concen-tration increased with age and there was significantly different between 20~39 years old group and 40~59 years old group or above 60 years old group(P<0.05).There was only a significant difference between sex-group for people under age 60(P<0.05).Conclusion D-dimer concentration was associated with age and sex.For people under age 40,the reference inter-val from reagent manufacture can be verified and directly used in laboratory,while for people above age 60,the reference in-terval from reagent manufacture cannot be verified.The cause should be investigated and a new reference interval should be established separately when necessary.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of magnifying chromoendoscopy combined with narrow band imaging (NBI) for screening inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer(CRC).Methods In colonoscopic examinations of long-term IBD patients,magnifying colonoscopy was used to make the consecutive observation with white light,NBI,and indigo carmine spraying.Targeted biopsies or endoscopic resections were performed for histological diagnosis as the golden standard of this study.Results Sixteen cases (17 lesions) with dysplasia or colorectal cancer in 45 long-term IBD patients were detected,including 12 (26.7％) cases of low-grade dysplasia (LGD),4 (8.9％) cases of high-grade dysplasia (HGD),and 1 (2.2％) case of CRC.Targeted biopsy yielded a positive rate of 13.2％ (17/129).Detection rates of NICE and Kudo classification were 81.3％ (13/16) and 75.0％ (12/16),respectively,and were 100.0％ when combined together.Age (P =0.027) and prolonged disease course (P =0.013)were associated with advanced histology in those with dysplasia or CRC.Lesions of HGD and CRC have larger diameters (2.5 ± 1.4 cm) than LGD (0.6 ± 0.4 cm) (P =0.003).Conclusion Magnifying chromoendoscopy with NBI is effective to detect and differentiate colitis-related neoplastic lesions,thus allowing rational therapeutic plans.

Objective: To analyze and review the clinical efficacy of acupuncture (including electroacupuncture) alone for allergic rhinitis (AR) and to compare its efficacy with antihistamines and Chinese patent medicineBi Yan Kang Tablet. Methods: The search strategy, inclusion and exclusion criteria were made according to the principle of evidence-based medicine. We performed a systematic search on China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Academic Journal Full-text Database (Wanfang), Chongqing VIP Database (CQVIP), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for allergic rhinitis between January 1990 and December 2015. The quality was evaluated by Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1, and the meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.3 version. Results: Twenty eligible RCTs were included into the meta-analysis after selection. Compared with antihistamines, the meta-analysis showed RR=1.24>1, 95%CI[1.15, 1.33],P<0.00001, indicating that acupuncture achieved a better total effective rate for AR than antihistamines; MD=–0.93<0, 95%CI[–1.22, –0.63],P<0.00001, indicating that acupuncture is better than antihistamines in decreasing the total nasal symptom score (TNSS) in AR patients; and MD=1.46>0, 95%CI[–10.84, 13.75],P=0.82, indicating that there was no statistical difference between acupuncture and antihistamines in regulating immunoglobulin E (IgE) in AR patients. Compared withBi Yan Kang Tablet, the meta-analysis has shown RR=1.50>1, 95%CI[1.30, 1.73],P<0.00001, indicating that acupuncture achieved a better total effective rate for AR than Chinese patent medicineBi Yan KangTablet. Conclusion: Acupuncture alone can achieve a better total effective rate for AR than antihistamines andBi Yan Kang Tablet. It is also better than antihistamines in improving clinical symptom scores; however, whether acupuncture is better thanBi Yan KangTablet needs further proof. As far as current data are concerned, there was no statistical difference between acupuncture and antihistamines in improving serum IgE; further study is needed in this regard. The risk of bias due to absent randomization methods or blinding implementation decreased the evidence level of the overall conclusion.