Objective To study the effect of glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) on the absorption- related genes [ sodium dependent glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1) and dipeptide transporter 1 (PEPT1)] mRNA expressions of residual small bowel in a rat model of short bowel syndrome. Methods Rats undertaken 75% small bowel resection were randomly assigned into 3 groups: short bowel control (SBC) group, growth hormone (GH) group and GLP-2 group. Another weight-matched normal rats with normal diet was used as normal (NC) group. All rats were given normal chow on the 1st postoperative day (POD). On the 6th POD, partial segment of terminal ileum was harvested to evaluate the mRNA expressions of SGLT1 and PEPT1 by semiquantified reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results The mRNA expressions of both SGLT1 and PEPT1 in SBC group were significantly higher than that of NC group(P0.05). Conclusions A short term GLP-2 adiministration in early postoperative days may has no significant effect on mRNA expressions of SGLT1 and PEPT1 in residual ileum in rats with short bowel syndrome.

Objective: To explore the protections of GLP-Ⅱ pretreatment on mouse intestinal mucosal immunity after ischemia/reperfusion insult. Methods: Thirty ICR mice were randomly divided into three groups: namely normal control (N), control (C) and GLP-Ⅱ pretreatment (P). Group C and group P were inflicted with ligation of superior mesenteric artery for twenty minutes. The morphology of distal ileum mucosa, the rate of intestinal bacteria translocation, the level of plasma endotoxin and intestinal IgA were determined. Results: After ischemia/reperfusion insult, there were obvious damage at distal ileum mucosa in group C and obvious proliferation in group P.The rate of intestinal bacteria translocation and the level of plasma endotoxin were significantly increased (P

BACKGROUND: With the development of tissue engineering, more attention has been paid to tooth regeneration. However, the resource of best seed cells is still uncertain. Therefore, alternative sources should be attached to intensive investigation. OBJECTIVE: To review the feasibility of stem cells from umbilical cord blood as seed cells for tooth regeneration. METHODS: A PubMed search was performed for articles published between January 1998 and January 2009. Key words were "tooth regeneration, seed cells, tissue engineering, umbilical cord blood, mesenchymal stem cells". Only studies written in English were included. Simultaneously, databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and VIP published between January 1998 and January 2009 were also retrieved, using the key words of "tooth regeneration, seed cells, tissu engineering, umbilical cord blood, mesenchymal stem cells". Only studies written in Chinese were included. Totally, 40 literatures were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Seed cells, such as odontoblasts from dental germ, stem cells from dental pulp and deciduous teeth, and ectomesenchymal cells from the firstbranchial arch showed odontogenic differentiation potential in basic research. However, these cells are not practical to harvest in clinic. Although bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have odontogenic capacity, their differentiation abilities significantly decrease with the increasing age of the donors. Stem cells from umbilical cord blood have many clinical advantages over bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and exhibited typical mesenchymal stem cells characteristics. Thus, we propose the hypotheses that stem cells from umbilical cord blood could be induced into odontogenic lineage and might be used as suitable seed cells for tooth regeneration to replace the lost tooth.

Objective: To study the effect of GLP-Ⅱ on residual bowel absorption of glucose in a rat model of short bowel syndrome. Methods: Rats undertaken 75% small bowel resection were randomly assigned to SB group and SB/GLP-Ⅱ group. Another group of weight-matched normal rats(Normal) received normal diet ad libitum was used as control group for SB group. All rats were allowed normal chow on the 1st postoperative day(POD). On the POD6,the intestinal glucose absorption data per unit length as well as per unit weight of ileum were measured by in vivo circulatory perfusion experiment. Results: Length of perfused ileum in 3 groups of rats were not significantly different. Wet weight to length ratio of perfused ileum in SB group was significantly higher than that of normal group,but significantly lower than that of SB/GLP-Ⅱ group. 45min glucose absorption of per cm ileum in SB/GLP-Ⅱ group was significantly higher than that of SB group(P0.05). Conclusions: In a rat model of SBS, GLP-Ⅱ can enhance the intestinal glucose absorption measured as per unit length of resudial ileum and GLP-Ⅱ manifests a trend to increase the glucose absorption measured as per unit wet weight of resudial ileum.

Background and purpose:Ara-C is one of the most effective and common agents in the treatment of acute nonlyphocytic leukemia. Telomerase is a unique complex of ribonucleoprotein. It plays an important role in the pathogenesis and development of cancer. In this study, we investigate the changes of mRNA expression of telomerase subunits in HL-60 cells induced by Ara-c and try to come up with a theory that could help to assess the efficacy of Ara-C. Methods:The combinations of various Ara-C concentration and the incubation time were used to treat HL-60. The ratios of apoptotic cell to necrosis cell were determined by flow cytometry and the expressions of telomerase subunits mRNA were evaluated by RT-PCR.Results:① There was no influence on transcription of telomerase subunits gene after HL-60 cells was cultured with 0~0.2ug/ml Ara-C for 12 hours;② 2ug/ml and 10ug/ml of Ara-C could down regulate the expression of hTERT from 0.80+0.07 to 0.50+0.04 and 0.39+0.03, not hTR and hTP1;③ with longer incubation with 10ug/ml of Ara-C, the percentage of apoptosis could be increased. The maximal induction of apoptosis (18.16+4.25%) could be reached at 12hrs treatment of Ara-C, then gradually decreased later on. The rate of necrosis increased with time, the maximal percentage(57.94+12.03%) of necrosis was observed at 48hrs of incubation time with drug. The mRNA level of hTERT gene also decreased along with the cultured time , the lowest value (0.18+0.03) has been documented at 48hrs time point, but not hTR、TP1.Conclusions:① Ara-C could down-regulate the expression of hTERT mRNA in a dose-and time-dependent manner, but not hTR、hTP1;② There might be no relationship between the percentage of apoptosis induced by Ara-C apoptosis and the expression of telomerase hTERT gene mRNA, but a close relationship between necrosis and the expression of hTERT mRNA has been found.

Objective To investigate MR imaging features of femoral marrow in treated ?-thalassemia major.Methods MR imaging of the proximal femoral marrow was performed in 35 cases of ?-thalassemia major and 45 age-and sex-matched normal children as control.Coronal images of femoral marrow with the techniques of spin echo and fast field echo(FFE)were obtained.On T_1-weighted imaging the red and yellow femoral marrow were judged and marrow distribution was classified into five groups.The hemosiderosis of marrow was judged on the basis of signal intensity of marrow on FFE imaging.The marrow distribution classification and the hemosiderosis on MR imaging were correlated with clinical features.Results On FFE,marrow hemosiderosis occurred in 15 patients with a marked hypo-intensity signal and was related to the age(P=0.032).On T_1-weighted imaging,the femoral marrow in 35 patients was classified as groupⅢand IV,while the marrow distribution was groupⅠorⅡin all normal children,there was statistically significant difference(P

Objective To investigate the imaging features of sarcomatoid carcinoma(SC)of lung on chest radiography and CT and to improve knowledge of SC.Methods The chest plain films,CT images and clinical data of all 7 cases of pathologically proved lung SC were retrospectively analyzed.Results All cases presented with a spheroid solid lung mass ranged from 3 to 11 cm in diameter(average 7 cm).All the lesions were located in middle and lower fields of the lung:3 lesions in right lower lobe,2 in right middle lobe,and the other 2 in left lower lobe.Among the 7 cases:6 cases were of peripheral type and 1 case was of central type.The peripheral-typed lesions of 5 cases had clear margin and 3 of them were lobulated.Three massess were homogenous in density,and the other 4 were inhomogeneous in density with formation of central cavity or calcification.After intravenous contrast administration.Three lesions showed homogeneous enhancement,and the other 4 lesions had inhomogeneous enhancement.The lesions with diameter larger than 6 cm showed marginal or patch-like enhancement.Five cases had pleural or chest walls invasion.Two cases had mediastinal lymph nodes metastases.One case had multiple remote metastasis.Conclusion There are some relatively specific features of lung SC on chest radiography and CT,which may be helpful for diagnosis.

Objective To explore the effective method for treatment of fracture of scapular neck.Methods A retrospective analysis of 40 patients with fractures of scapular neck was done.The patients were treated by operation or non-operation from August 1995 to August 2005.According to the degree of displacement,40 cases included 22 mild displaced fractures(≤10 mm,≤40°),and 18 severe displaced fractures (＞10 mm,＞40°),26 cases were non-operation and 14 cases by operation.Herscovici score was adopted.Results Forty patients were followed up for 1-3 years.Among 26 patients treated by non-operation,Herscovici score showed that 16 cases achieved the excellent result,2 cases good,3 cases fair and 5 cases poor.of 14 patients treated by operation,Herscovici score showed that 12 cases achieved the excellent result,2 cases good. Conclusion Fractures of scapular neck with mild displacement can be treated by non-operation while fractures of scapular with severe displacement or associated with ipsilateral clavical fractures should be treated by operation to reconstruct the stabihty of shoulder and minimize the complications.

Objective To evaluate the relation between lung dosimetric parameters and the risk of symptomatic radiation pneumonitis (RP) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had re-ceived postoperative radiotherapy. Methods From November 2002 to March 2006, 90 patients with NSCLC who had received postoperative 3-dimentinal conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) were retrospectively analyzed, including 53 with stage ⅢA disease, 25 with stafe ⅢB disease and 12 with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ disease but positive margins. Seventy (78%) patients underwent lobectomy, 20 ( 22% ) underwent pneumonectomy, and 38 ( 46% ) received adjuvant chemotherapy. The median radiation dose was 60 Gy given in 30 fractions of 2 Gy using 6 MV X-ray. The percentage of the whole lung volume ( Vx ) and the ipsilateral absolute lung volume ( Vipsi-dosewhich received more than a certain dose were calculated. The endpoint was grade 2 and above RP based on CTC AE 3.0. The relation between the dosimetric factors and RP was also analyzed with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Nine patients ( 10% ) developed symptomatic RP ( grade 2 in 7 and grade 3 in 2), and all of them were in the lobectomy group. No RP was observed in patients who received pneumonectomy. Both V30 and V35 were higher in patients with RP than those without ( 19% vs 14% ,U= -2.16,P=0.030, and 15% vs 11%,U= -2.65,P =0.007, respectively). The area under curve in receiver operating characteristic curves based on the relation between incidence of RP and the value of Vipsi-dose was 0. 757. Using Vipsi-30 of 340 cm3 as a cut-off to predict RP, the sensitivity and specificity were 88% and 70%, respectively. The incidence of RP was 3% in patients with Vipsi-30< 340 cm3 compared with 29% in those with Vipsi-30>340cm3 ( X2 = 9.75 , P = 0.003 ) . Conclusions More than340 cm3 of the ipsilateral lung receiving 30 Gy is significantly related to the risk of RP in patients undergoing lobectomy. It is safe for patients who undergo pneumonectomy to receive postoperative 3DCRT if lung V20 is less than 10%.

Objective To recognize the CT manifestations of benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML).Methods Four cases of BML proved by pathology were retrospectively analysed.Among these, 2 cases were pulmonary BML,1 ease was leiomyomatosis peritonealis diseminata(LPD),and 1 case was combined with pulmonary BML and LPD.All of them were female,and had a history of hysterectomy,the average age were 45.The CT findings of them were analyzed.Results The CT of pulmonary BML in three cases showed multiple rounded,well-defined discrete nodules,0.2—2.0cm in diameter,random distribution,and no calcification in the nodules.No hilum or mediastinum lymphadenopathy,and no pleural effusion.There were no enhancement after intravenous contrast examination.The CT findings of LPD in two cases were many masses around the vena cava,abdominal aorta and/or iliac artery.The masses were 4— 5cm in diameter with smooth margin and homogeneous density.No lymph node or ascites were found.One case who got intravenous contrast enhanced CT scan showed significant enhancement of the lesions;another case who got PET CT study showed no significant tracer concentration.Conclusion When multiple metastasizing nodular lesions with sharp margin and homogeneous density were found in the lungs or abdomen,they should be considered the possibility of BML in women with hysterectomy history.