OBJECTIVETo observe the regulatory effect of assorted use of Chinese drugs for detoxifying and activating blood circulation on serum high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in apolipoprotein E gene knock-out [ApoE (-/-)] mice.

METHODSApoE (-/-) mice of 13-week old were devided into two groups, 12 in Group A fed with common forage and 98 in Group B with high lipid forage. Besides, 12 C57 BL/6J mice, 13-week old, were set as Group C fed with common forage. After being fed for 19 weeks, and the formation of vulnerable plaque had been confirmed in 2 mice of Group B, the other 96 mice were sub-divided into 8 groups, 12 in each group. Except that 0.4 mL normal saline was infused to the Group B1 as well as Group A and C, the other 7 sub-groups of Group B were respectively medicated with various drugs as follows: B2, Polydatin (PD, an extract from giant knotweed rhizome for detoxicating) 26. 6 mg/kg; B3, Xiongshao Capsule (XS, a Chinese herbal preparation for activating blood circulation), 110 mg/kg; B4, PD 53.2 mg/kg + XS 220 mg/kg; B5, PD 26. 6 mg/kg + XS 110 mg/kg; B6, PD 13.3 mg/kg + XS 55 mg/kg; B7, Lovastatin 3.3 mg/kg; and B8, Xuezhikang (XZK, a Chinese patent drug) 0.2 g/kg, all were administered by dissolving in 0.4 mL of distilled water for gastrogavage. The serum contents of hs-CRP were detected, with blood sample drawing from inferior vena cava, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 17 weeks after medication.

RESULTSThe hs-CRP level was significantly higher in Group B1 than in Groups A and C (P <0.05, P <0.01). Comparisons between various sub-groups of Group B in hs-CRP content showed that hs-CRP in Group B2, B4 and B7 was lower than that in B1 (P <0.01), hs-CRP in Group B4 was the lowest, and hs-CRP was lower in Group B2 than in Group B3.

CONCLUSIONAssorted use of Chinese drugs for detoxifying and activating blood circulation could reduce serum hs-CRP level in ApoE (-/-) mice.

Animals ; Apolipoproteins E ; genetics ; metabolism ; Atherosclerosis ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Blood Circulation ; drug effects ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Random Allocation

OBJECTIVETo explore the in vitro anti-tumor effect and mechanism of dendritic cell (DC) tumor vaccine induced by astragalus polysacharin (APS).

METHODSPeripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from human peripheral blood. DCs obtained from human peripheral blood were cultivated and added with culture solution for in vitro inducing them to immature DCs. On the 5th day of culture, 100 microg/mL (as the final concentration) APS was added to cells in the APS group. DCs were induced to mature in the cytokine groups by adding 20 ng/mL rhTNF-alpha (as the final concentration). Changes of morphology and phenotype of DCs were observed. Mature DCs were sensitized with tumor antigen SGC-7901 and co-cultured with allogeneic T cells. The proliferative function of T lymphocytes was detected by MTT assay. Levels of IL-12 and IFN-gamma in co-cultured supernatant were detected by ELISA. Cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTL) activated by DC were co-cultured with tumor cell SGC-7901. The specific killing capacity of CTL to target cells was detected by LDH release assay.

RESULTSThe morphological observation and phenotypic identification of APS induced DCs were in accordance with the characteristics of mature DCs. APS induced mature DCs could stimulate the proliferation of allogeneic T lymphocytes. The proliferation index of T cells increased with increased ratio of stimulator cells to effector cells (P < 0.05). Levels of IL-12 and IFN-gamma in co-culture supernatant significantly increased in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). CTL cells activated by sensitization of DCs could significantly kill tumor cells, and the killing effect increased along with increased effector-to-target ratio.

CONCLUSIONAPS could in vitro induce DCs to mature, promote its antigen-presenting capacity, effectively activate CTLs, and enhance anti-tumor function of the organism.

Antigen-Presenting Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; Cancer Vaccines ; immunology ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Coculture Techniques ; Dendritic Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; immunology ; Interleukin-12 ; immunology ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; cytology ; immunology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; cytology ; drug effects

The diagnosis,surgical treatment,and comprehensive treatment of renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus have advanced rapidly in recent years. Both the survival and quality of life of the patients have remarkably improved. Further advance in basic research may provide new direction of management of renal cell carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Embolism ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Venae Cavae

Objective To investigate the nursing and effect of combined hemoperfusion and hemodialysis in uremia patients. Methods 40 uremia patients maintaining hemodialysis for over 6 months were randomly divided two groups: A group ( 21 cases ) were treated with hemodialysis; B group ( 19 cases ) were treated with combined hemoperfusion and hemodialysis. The course of the treatment was six months. The serum Alb 、Hb 、BUN、P、iPTH levels were measured and assessment of the nutritional status was anglicized by modified quantity subjectglobal analysis (MQSGA) before and after six months of the treatment. Nursing guide of the nutrition was applied simultaneously in both groups. Results Assessment of the nutritional status with MQSGA for both groups before treatment indicated that incidence of malnutrition were 61.9% and 68.4% separately; The levels of serum Alb、Hb were obviously decreased, but the levels of serum BUN 、P、iPTH were obviously increased in both groups.There were no significant difference in the incidence of malnutrition and the related laboratory indexes between A and B groups before treatment. After treatment for six months, above-mentioned incidence of malnutrition and related laboratory indexes were notable improved in A group,there were no marked significance (P ＞0. 05 ). The level of serum BUN was decreased; while the levels of serum Alb、Hb were increased and the levels of serum BUN 、P 、iPTH were decreased in B group, there were marked difference ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions Malnutrition was prone to happen in patients maintaining hemodialysis. Pathologic mechanism may be involved in many aspects, including water-dielectric and acid-alkaline disorder, accumulation of the uremia toxins and the microinflammation, et al. The blood purified method of combined hemoperfusion and hemodialysis play mutually role overall in marked improvement above-mentioned pathological status, markedly decreasing the incidence of malnutrition and may be benefit to the living quality as compared with the single hemodialysis.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of transurethral holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) for prostate adenoma greater than 100 g.

METHODSSixty BPH patients with the prostate larger than 100 g were randomized to two treatment groups of HoLEP (n = 32) and open prostatectomy (n = 28). Comparisons were made between the two groups in operating time, blood loss, bladder irrigating time, catheterization time and hospital stay, as well as in the international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life (QOL) score, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) and postvoid residual volume (PVR) before and 3 months after the surgery.

RESULTSCompared with the open prostatectomy group, the operating time was significantly longer (P < 0.01) but the blood loss, mean bladder irrigating time, catheterization time and hospital stay were significantly less in the HoLEP group (P < 0.01). Three-month follow-up revealed that HoLEP and open prostatectomy resulted in a similarly significant improvement in IPSS, QOL, Qmax and PVR (P < 0.01 ), with no statistical difference between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONHoLEP and open prostatectomy are equally effective procedures for removal of large prostate adenomas, but the former is a better surgical option for prostate adenomas larger than 100 g for its greater safety, less pain and faster recovery.

Aged ; Holmium ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; Male ; Prostate ; surgery ; Prostatectomy ; methods ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; surgery ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

Translocating protein and translocating peptides have therapeutic potential against tumors by exposing the cytotoxic domains of toxic proteins to the cell cytosol. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of N-terminally fused PE translocating peptides on granzyme B (GrBa) activity. PE II-GrBa fusion protein genes were constructed by replacing N-terminal signal and acidic dipeptide sequence of human granzyme B gene with two truncated translocating sequences of Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE II aa 280-364/358) by recombinant PCR, and then cloned into pIND inducible expression vector. The resulting pIND-PE II-GrBa expression vectors were co-transfected with assistant plasmid pVgRXR into HeLa cells through lipofectamine, followed by selection on G418 and zeocin. The resistant cells were collected and induced with ponasterone A. Western blot analysis demonstrated that ponasterone A induction caused the expression of PE II-GrBa fusion proteins, and indirect immunofluorescence detected giant sized multinucleated cells, suggesting cytoskeletal and mitotic abnormalities as reported in our previous studies. Western blot, enzymatic activity assay and cell counting analysis indicated that two types of PE II-GrBa fusion proteins were capable of cleaving both endogenous and exogenous substrates of granzyme B, and inhibiting the growth of cells. The PE II (aa 280-358)-GrBa was shown to have higher serine protease activity and stronger growth inhibitory effect. Such inhibition was presumably associated with G2 arrest as determined by cell cycle analysis. These data prove that PE II-GrBa fusion proteins have cell inhibitory effect similar to GrBa, and that the shorter PE-derived peptide exerts less influence on GrBa activity. This study helps to optimize the construction of recombinant protein comprising translocating peptides and cytotoxic molecules for tumor cell killing.
ADP Ribose Transferases ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Bacterial Toxins ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Exotoxins ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Granzymes ; genetics ; pharmacology ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; pharmacology ; Virulence Factors ; genetics ; pharmacology

AIMTo observe the effect of mesenteric lymph duct ligation on free radical and inflammatory mediator of myocardium with severe hemorrhagic shock in rats at different period, and explore the effect of intestinal lymphatic pathway on myocardium injury pathogenesis in shock rats.

METHODS78 male Wistar rats were divided into the sham group, shock group and ligation group. The model of serious hemorrhagic shock was established in shock group, ligation group, and mesenteric lymph was blocked by ligating mesenteric lymph duct in ligation group after resuscitate. All rats were executed and taken out heart making for homogenate of 10 percent to determine the MDA, SOD, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), myeloperoxidase (MPO), NO and NOS at after shock 90 min, after transfusion and resuscitate 0 h, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h etc. different times, and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA in myocardium was detected by RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe contents of MDA, TNFalpha, IL-6, MPO, NO, NOS and iNOS expression in myocardium of shock group were rising after transfusion and resuscitate, and that was higher level at 3 h to 12 h, and that was significantly higher than sham group, the activity of SOD was significantly lower than sham group. The contents of MDA, TNFalpha, IL-6, MPO, NO, NOS and iNOS expression in myocardium of ligation group were significantly lower than that of shock group at sameness points, and the SOD activity was higher.

CONCLUSIONThe mesenteric lymph duct ligation and blocking mesenteric lymph could reduce the PMN detaining, decrease the discharging of TNFa and IL-6, reduce the NO and expression of iNOS mRNA, and reduce the releasing of free radical and consuming of SOD.

Animals ; Free Radicals ; metabolism ; Inflammation Mediators ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Lymphatic Vessels ; metabolism ; Male ; Mesentery ; metabolism ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neutrophils ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; metabolism ; Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection among pigs in Henan province.

METHODSA total of 623 swine sera, collected from 5 districts, were divided into two groups, under 3-month of age and over 3-month of age. They were tested for HEV antigen and antibody by using ELISAs, respectively. The sera positive for HEV antigen were tested for HEV RNA with RT-PCR. The positive products of RT-PCR were cloned and sequenced.

RESULTSThe positive rates of anti-HEV antibody of the groups under 3-month and over 3-month of age were 90.27% and 92.55%, respectively, without statistical difference, while those of HEV antigen were 15.93% and 5.69%, respectively, with significant difference. The positive rates of anti-HEV antibody and HEV antigen were significantly different among different districts. HEV RNA was detectable in 5 of 47 HEV antigen positive samples. The sequence analysis showed that in 4 of 5 specimens the sequence belonged to genotype 4 while in the remaining one the sequence was genotype 1.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence rate of HEV infection in pigs was high in Henan province and the rate differed in different districts.

Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; analysis ; immunology ; Antigens, Viral ; analysis ; immunology ; China ; Genotype ; Hepatitis E ; epidemiology ; immunology ; veterinary ; virology ; Hepatitis E virus ; genetics ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Viral ; analysis ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Swine ; virology ; Swine Diseases ; epidemiology ; immunology ; virology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the possible protection provided by oral quercetin pretreatment against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

METHODSThe quercetin (0.13 mmol/kg) was orally administrated in 50 min prior to hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Ascorbic acid was also similarly administered. The hepatic content of quercetin was assayed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Plasma glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration were measured as markers of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Meanwhile, hepatic content of glutathione (GSH), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and xanthine oxidase (XO), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MDA, DNA fragmentation were also determined.

RESULTSHepatic content of quercetin after intragastric administration of quercetin was increased significantly. The increases in plasma GPT, GOT activities and MDA concentration after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury were reduced significantly by pretreatment with quercetin. Hepatic content of GSH and activities of SOD, GSH-Px and TAOC were restored remarkably while the ROS and MDA contents were significantly diminished by quercetin pretreatment after ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, quercetin pretreatment did not reduce significantly hepatic XO activity and DNA fragmentation. Ascorbic acid pretreatment had also protective effects against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by restoring hepatic content of GSH, TAOC and diminishing ROS and MDA formation and DNA fragmentation.

CONCLUSIONIt is indicated that quercetin can protect the liver against ischemia-reperfusion injury after oral pretreatment and the underlying mechanism is associated with improved hepatic antioxidant capacity.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Antioxidants ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Ascorbic Acid ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Biological Availability ; Biomarkers ; blood ; DNA Fragmentation ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Liver ; blood supply ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Quercetin ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Reperfusion Injury ; blood ; enzymology ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Transaminases ; blood ; Xanthine Oxidase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical safety and effectiveness of percutaneous embolization in treating the late failed renal allograft in patients with graft intolerance syndrome (GIS).

METHODSTranscatheter embolization of renal graft artery was performed in 18 patients with late graft dysfunction and GIS. The subsequent complications, postoperative symptom remission rate, and prognosis were assessed.

RESULTSGIS was relieved in 15 patients (83.3%), of which 6 patients (33.3%) had severer fever and pain in the area of renal graft after embolization, which lasted for a mean of 3.5 days (range: 2-5 days). GIS persisted for more than 2 weeks in 3 patients (16.7%), who ultimately underwent surgical removal of grafts. No severe embolism-associated complications were noted.

CONCLUSIONPercutaneous embolization can effectively avoid surgical graft removal in patients with late renal allograft failure, and therefore can be used as a safe and effective treatment for the late failed renal allograft combined with GIS.

Adult ; Aged ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Female ; Graft Rejection ; complications ; therapy ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; therapy ; Renal Insufficiency ; complications ; therapy ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult