BACKGROUND:The phenomenon of temporary ischemia of the tissues and organs caused by injury is common in the clinic. However, there are few studies on the treatment of ischemia/reperfusion injury. It is significant to investigate the effect of TanshinoneⅡA on improving uterine ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of TanshinoneⅡA intervention on improving uterine ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS:The rat models of uterine ischemia/reperfusion injury were established by suture method. The rats that were intraperitonealy injected with Sodium Tanshinone IIA Silate injection (20 mg/kg) at 5, 3, 1 days and 30 minutes before the operation were included in the experimental group. Model and sham operation groups were established for comparison. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Spectrophotometry and immunohistochemical staining results showed that at 1 and 3 hours of ischemia/reperfusion, the malondialdehyde concentration and Bax protein expression in the injuried rat uterine tissue were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and Bcl-2 protein expression were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the experimental group than in the model group. The results confirm that TanshinoneⅡA has a protective effect on uterine ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.

Objective To investigate the effect of conductive education applied in water exercise on cerebral palsy. Methods 58 children with cerebral palsy who could accept conductive education were divided into observation group (n=29) and control group (n=29) randomly. All the children accepted routine rehabilitation, and the observation group accepted water exercise in the model of conductive education. They were assessed with muscular strength, muscular tension (modified Ashworth Scale) and the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) before and after training. Results The score of GMFM improved more in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05), as well as the incidence of improvement of muscle tension (released 1 grade or more, 75.9% vs. 44.8%, P<0.05) and muscle strength (increased 1 grade or more, 82.8% vs. 58.6%, P<0.05). Conclusion Water exercise with the conductive education model can improve the gross motor function and muscle strength, release the spasticity in children with cerebral palsy.

BACKGROUND: A latest research indicates that γ~δ T cells following touching with microbe products show characteristics as dendritic cells and antigen-presenting cells (APC) and induce intensive immune response of CD4~+ CD8~+ γ~δ T cells.OBJECTIVE: To verify APC-like functions of γ~δ T cells during transplantation rejection, investigate a simple and effective method to amplify γ~δ T cells in vitro, and to infect γ~δ T cells with FasL retrovirus system.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An animal experiment was performed at Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from August 2007 to August 2008. MATERIALS: A total of 60 healthy adult Wistar rats of clean grade and weighing 200-320 g were used to establish donor and receptor models with segmental heterotopic small intestine transplantation.METHODS: Models of segmental heterotopic small intestine transplantation were established using three sleevelet vascular anastomosis. γ~δ T cells were obtained using flow cytometry and its function was demonstrated. Mononuclear cells were routinely separated and amplified with Mtb-Ag. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cell proliferation was observed; percentage of γ~δ T cells for lymphocytes was detected using TCRγ~δ magnetic beads kit; γ~δ T cells following transfection were detected using pLXSN FasL retrovirus system. RESULTS: Activated γ~δ T cells showed dendritic cell-like adhesion function and APC-like functions during transplantation rejection. γ~δ T cells accounted 4.5% for mononuclear cells, the purification of γ~δ T cells was up to 72.2% on the 10~(th) day after activated by Mtb-Ag, and the purification of γ~δ T cells was up to 99.1% through positive magnetic sorting. 285 bp FasL fragment demonstrated that the gene integration was observed in PA317 cells. The ration of FasL+ cells was 97.3% after infected by pLXSN FasL retrovirus system.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated APC-like functions of γ~δ T cells during transplantation rejection. γ~δ T cells were successfully amplified in vitro. PA317/ pLXSN2FasL+ retrovirus system was successfully constructed and γ~δ T cells were modified by FasL retrovirus system.

Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens isolated from blood culture of children in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU),provide reference for empirical treatment of bloodstream infection in critically ill children.Methods Pathogenic bacteria isolated from blood culture of children in a PICU in 2011-2015 were identified and performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing.Results A total of 180 strains of pathogens were isolated from 3 215 blood specimens,the positive rate was 5.60 ％,153 (85.00 ％) of which were grampositive bacteria and 27 (15.00 ％) were gram-negative bacteria.The top five isolated pathogens were Staphylococcus epidermidis (26.67 ％),Staphylococcus hominis (25.00 ％),Staphylococcus haemolyticus (11.66 ％),Escherichia coli (5.55 ％),and Staphylococcus aureus (3.89 ％).The resistance rates of Staphylococcus spp.to linezolid,vancomycin,and quinupristin/dalfopristin were all 0;the detection rates of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCNS) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) were 70.18％ and 42.68％ respectively;Escherichia coli had high resistance rates to ampicillin,cefazolin,ceftriaxone,gentamycin,and compound sulfamethoxazole (50.00 ％-80.00 ％).Conclusion CNS and Escherichia coli are the main pathogens in blood culture of children in PICU,differences in antimicrobial resistance exist among different types of CNS.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) in the placental trophoblast cells and the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods All the patients were recruited from Qingdao Municipal Hospital from May 2013 to May 2014.Among them, fifty women with GDM were assigned to the GDM group, and fifty healthy women were defined as the control group.All of them received cesarean section because of breech presentation, contracted pelvis, scarred uterus or on mother's demand.Real-time PCR was conducted to analyze the expression of GRP78 mRNA in the trophoblasts.Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the localization of GRP78 protein in the placentasl trophoblast cells.Results (1) GRP78 mRNA expressed in the cytoplasm of trophoblasts of both the GDM group and the control group.The GRP78 mRNA levels in the GDM group and the control group were 15.6±0.4 and 6.0±0.7, respectively.The relative expression level of GRP78 mRNA in the GDM group was 2.6 times of that in the control group, with statistically significant difference (P＜0.01).(2) The expression of GRP78 protein was found in the cytoplasm of the trophoblasts of the GDM group.It showed in deep, light brown or yellow after staining, according to the expression degree.The expression of GRP78 protein was also found in the cytoplasm of the trophoblasts of the control group, but it mainly showed yellow color (38/50).The strong positive rate of GRP78 protein in the GDM group (96％, 48/50) was higher than that in the control group (22％, 11/50;P＜0.01).Conclusion The expression of GRP78 increased in the placental trophoblast cells of GDM patients.It might suggest that GRP78 had some effect on the pathogenesis of GDM.

Objective To observe the clinical application of extraperitoneal cesarean section(ECS) plus forceps vs transperitoneal cesarean sections(TCS) in repeated cesarean section.Methods 98 multiparous women with scar uterus for elective repeated cesarean sections were recruited retrospectively,47 cases for ECS plus forceps(group A),and 51 cases for TCS(group B).The multiparous women with hyperglycemia not controlled,severe preeclampsia,heart disease,placenta previa,premature rupture of membrane,a history of ＞ 1 cesarean section,myoma and/or ovarian neoplasm were excluded.Results Skin incision to baby delivery time and total operation time of group A were (7.7 ± 2.8) min and (42.8 ± 9.7) min,respectively,which were significantly shorter than (9.3 ± 3.2) min and (47.6 ± 9.4) min of group B,(t =2.700,2.497,P =0.008,0.014).There was significant difference in blood loss volume during the operation and postoperative 2 hours,which was (310.4 ± 106.3) mL,(365.3 ± 142.8) mL respectively(t =2.142,P =0.035).The Visual Analog Scale for pain (VAS pain) was (2.8 ± 1.8) in group A and (4.1 ± 1.9) in group B,respectively (t =3.252,P =0.002).The gastrointestinal function recovery mean time of group A was significantly shorter than that of group B (12.5 h versus 16.0h,t =2.771,P =0.007).And the postoperative febrile morbidity was significantly lower in group A than in group B(8.5％ versus 25.5％ ;x2 =4.918,P =0.033).The patients with chronic pelvic pain followed up after operation was 3 versus 12,and the difference was significant (x2 =5.143,P =0.026).There were no differences in neonatal Apgar score at 1 minute,birth asphyxia and wound healing rates.Conclusion ECS plus forceps can be safely used for repeated cesarean section,with the advantages of less operation time,less bleeding volume,lower postoperative morbidity,and fewer complications than TCS.

Objective To explore the epidemiology,etiology and prevention strategy of early respiratory infections (≤1 month) in lung transplantation recipients with donation after cardiac death donors.Method The clinical data of donors and recipients,particularly on early respiratory infections,were retrospectively analyzed in 17 lung transplantations.Result From Jan.2015 to Apr.2015,12 episodes of early respiratory infections (≤ 1 month) in 17 lung transplantation recipients occurred (12/17,70.6％).The organisms most frequently involved were bacteria:Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4/26,15.4％),Klebsiella pneumoniae (4/26,15.4％),Staphylococcus aureus (3/26,11.5％),and Acinetobacter baumannii (3/26,11.5％).Of 26 bacterial strains,3 were Methecillin resistant Staphlococcus aureus,3 were carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumanni,2 were carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas cepacia,2 were extended spectrum b-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae,and one was carbapenem and quinolone resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Conclusion The morbidity of early infections is high in lung transplantation recipients.In our experience,bacterial respiratory infections are most common in the early post-transplant period (≤ 1 month).Incidence of Aspergillus spp.and Cytomegalovirus pneumonia is lower than before lung transplantation,probably due to the spread of universal prophylaxis.

Computer science and technology has been used to promote the development of objectification of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which is also required for international development of TCM. In this paper, on the basis of current situation of Chinese medicine tongue objective research, the analysis was made on involved computer-related technology, relevant standards, and the future trend was discussed.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and the drug resistance changes of the pathogenic bacteria isolated from the blood culture specimens collected during the period of 2006-2008.METHODS Blood culture of patients in our hospital was performed by BacT/Alert 240 and the isolated bacteria were identified by API and Microscan and tested for drug resistance against antimicrobial agent by K-B method.A retrospective analysis was made to the blood culture results during the period of 2006-2008 with WHONET 5.4 software.RESULTS Gram-negative rods were the predominant bacteria which caused sepsicemia.The isolated rates of Escherichia coli took the first place during the period of 2006-2008.Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus(SAU) were also the most important pathogens which caused blood infection.The infection rate of coagulase negative staphylococcus(CNS) and P.aeruginosa had increasing tendency.Imipenem and meropenem were the most effective antibiotics(100%) to E.coli and K.pneumoniae.Then amikacin and cefoxitin also had high susceptibility to E.coli and K.pneumoniae.Furthermore,drug susceptibility in 2008 was higher than that of two years before.All antibacterials had low drug susceptibility to P.aeruginosa,and its drug resistance rate rised obviously.The drug resistance situation of Acinetobacter baumannii was serious.Except imipenem and meropenem had relatively higher susceptibility(20-69.2%),the susceptibility to other antibacterials was lower than 41.7%.Vancomycin,teicoplanin and quinupristin/dalfopristin were the most effective antibiotics to(SAU).CONCLUSIONS The species and drug resistance of the bacteria isolated from blood specimens have changed.More attention should be paid to the detection and surveillance of bacterial resistance in blood culture to promote the rational use of antibiotics.

Biomarkers ; blood ; Biopsy, Needle ; utilization ; Hepatitis C ; complications ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; diagnosis ; pathology