Spontaneous abortion is one of the most common gestational conditions, with the morbidity of 1% to 5% in married women. It is a serious problem troubling women at the reproductive age. There are many factors causing spontaneous abortion, among them, spontaneous abortion resulting from endocrine abnormalities can be detected and treated. Prolactin is a major endocrine hormone participating in reproductive regulation and playing an important role in early pregnancy implantation and pregnancy maintenance. When there are unusual levels it is closely related to spontaneous abortion, leading to a necessity to further study the relationship between them. International and domestic research developments in recent years about the correlation between prolactin and spontaneous abortion are discussed in this paper.

In recent years,with the deepening research on autoinflammatory diseases (AID),more and more diseases have been found and included in the AID category.The clinical manifestations of AID are various,but most of them are not specific.Therefore,it is difficult to distinguish AID from infectious diseases,tumors and other autoimmune diseases,which causes misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis.This article aims at discussing about the clinical diagnosis and treatment procedure of AID.

Abstracting and Indexing as Topic ; Academic Dissertations as Topic

The atrio-ventricular valves of the normal heart in 200 Chinese cadavers of different ages were studied. The right atrioventricular valves were classified into three types and the left were classified into two types, according to the number of the main cusps. It was found that percentage of the second type (53.5%) of the right atrio-ventricular valves was higher than that of the first type (43.5%) and the first type (83.0%) of the left atrio-ventricular valves is in the majority, while the second type (17.0%) represents only a small percentage.An accessory cusp is situated between two main cusps. The accessory cusp was found in the right atrio-ventricular valves of 132 cases (66.0%), the majority of which had only one accessory cusp (95 cases. 72.0%), and among them there were 65 cases (37.4%) in which antero-medial accessory cusps were present. The accessory cusps were found in the left atrio-ventricular valves of 103 cases (51.5%), most of them also had only one cusp (92 cases 89.3%) and among them there were 71 cases (62.3) in which postero-medial accessory cusps were present.If the total number of the main and the accessory cusps was considered, in the right ventriculus, four cusps were found in 40.5% of the cases, five in 29.0%, three in 19.5%, six in 9.0%, two in 1.5%, seven in 0.5%; while in the left ventriculus, three cusps were found in 51.5% of the cases, two in 37.0%, four in 11.0% and five in 0.5%.The size of the valves was measured. In the right ventriculus the postero-medial valve is the broadest (40.1 mm), the postero-lateral valve is the highest (24.5 mm). In the left ventriculus the postero-lateral valve is the broadest (36.9 mm), the antero-medial valve is the hightest (20.8 mm). The associated valves are usually larger than the other common main valves, the diameters of which are larger than that of the accessory valves. The perimeter of left artrio-ventricular ring is 79.69 mm and the right is 97.79 mm.

Scoliosis surgery includes fusion and non-fusion techniques.Fusion technique includes posterior fusion technique and video-assisted anterior thoracoscopic fusion.Non-fusion technique is suitable for children patients with growing potential of the spine.It includes growing rod,vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib(VEPTR),U-shape screw,and multi-vertebral wedged osteotomy(for severely rigid scoliosis).Short term outcome from these techniques has been encouraging,but medium and long term outcomes are still need investigation.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the rational use of TCM injections. METHODS:The related data of using TCM injections was drawn from May 2009 to May 2014. And the data of 5 TCM injections,including Shengmai and Shenmai in-jection,were statistically analyzed,the indications of 8 TCM injections,including Shengmai and Shenmai injection,were also sta-tistically analyzed. RESULTS:In solvents evaluation,the 5 TCM injections were used 501 times,in which 391 times(78.04%)of the solvents used were rational,381 times(76.05%)of the solvent doses used were rational;in clinical indications evaluation,the 8 TCM injections were used for 2 579 patients,in which 1 120 cases were in accordance with the instructions while the other 1 459 cases were not,the qualification ratio was 43.43%. CONCLUSIONS:There were still some problems in using TCM injection in our hospital in the aspects of solvent as well as indications.

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological characters and seize the diagnostic main points of minimal deviation adenocarcinoma of cervix to improve the accuracy of pathological diagnosis. Methods A clinic pathological review of 6 cases with minimal deviation adenocarcinoma was analyzed retrospectively. Results The main clinical symptoms were watery leucorrhagia, enlargement of the cervix with erosin and hardening. The pathological findings included hyperplasic and mild abnormality of the glands, invasion effects into the stroma could be observed in some glands and abortive glands with desmoplastic changes, or edema and inflammatory infiltration around the glands were also observed. Conclusion The detection rate of minimal deviation adenocarcinoma may increase by triple combination of clinic, cytology and histology.

Objective To study the effect of vitamin D3 on breast cancer xenografted on a nude mouse model. MethodBalb/c nude mouse was injected subcutaneously with 10 6 human breast cancer cell line MCF-7.Two thousand units Vitamin D3 was administered in mice i?m every the other day. Tamoxifen (5 mg/kg) was fed per mouse daily. Mice were divided into four groups with ten mice in each group: Vitamin D3 group, Vitamin D3 and tamoxifen group, tamoxifen group and control group. After 4 weeks, mice were killed to measure volume of tumor and calcium and phosphorus levels in serum. Tumor cells were analyzed with flow cytometery to detect apoptosis and cell cycle. Results Calcium levels in serum of mice treated with vitamin D3 were higher than that of other two groups, but phosphorus levels in serum were lower . Apoptosis rate was higher than that of control group and tumor cells were arrested in G0/G1 phase, especially those treated with vitamin D3 and tamoxifen. ConclusionsVitamin D3 could significantly induce apoptosis of breast cancer cells and arrest tumor cells in G0/G1 phase. It is synergic with tamoxifen and this may have clinical significance in the treatment of breast cancer.

The patient doctor relationship,as the essential part of medical relationship, is inevitably influenced by the medical views and develops with the evolvement of medical modes. Understanding the inner logical relationships between the medical mode and the patient-doctor relationship can facilitate the further research on the patient-doctor relationship. Currently, we should choose the mode of the patient-doctor relationship on the basis of respecting patient, emphasizing the obligation, motivating the activity of patients, and constructing an honesty-trust relationship between patient and doctor, which will make it easy to understand the ethical request of the constructing of patient-doctor relationship and make the definition of the patient doctor relationship clearer.

Purpose To investigate the presence of perineural invasion (PNI) and the expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) in patients with advanced gastric cancer.To discuss the correlation between PNI and the expression of HER-2 and their prognostic significance.Methods Paraffin sections of surgical specimens from 100 patients who underwent gastric resection were selected,and then PNI were detected by HE staining and the expression of HER-2 were detected by immunohistochemical (IHC).The correlation of perineural invasion with the clinicopathological features and HER-2 expression were performed.Results PNI was positive in 42 cases of 100 patients (PNI positive rate was 42％),the occurrence of PNI has significantly related with lymph node metastases,infiltrating depth,tumor emboli,TNM stage and expression of HER2.The difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Univariate analysis showed that total survival rate of advanced gastric cancer was associated with T stage,tumor emboli,N stage,TNM stage,PNI and HER-2 expression (P ＜ 0.05).The overall survival of the PNI-negative patients was 45.3 months on average,much better than the PNI positive patients who was 15.4months in average (P ＜ 0.05).The overall survival of the HER2-negative patients was 43.2 months on average,much better than the HER-2-positive patients who was 22.7 months in average (P ＜ 0.05).By muhivariable Cox proportional hazards model of overall smvival,the positivity of PNI and HER-2 appeared to be new independent prognostic factors (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The detection of PNI and HER-2 expression maybe helpful for the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer.In addition,HER-2 may be responsible for the presence of perineural invasion.