No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Interleukins* ; Sepsis* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*

Purpose: To report two cases of malignant glaucoma after Ahmed valve implantation.Case summary: (Case 1) A 76-year-old female with angle closure glaucoma in the right eye underwent Ahmed valve implantation. To reduce the risk of corneal endothelial failure, the tube tip was located in the sulcus. Eight days after surgery, surgical iridectomy was performed due to intraocular pressure elevation and a shallow anterior chamber. Three weeks later, vitrectomy was performed due to intraocular pressure elevation with a shallow anterior chamber. Recurrent intraocular pressure elevation was resolved after tip reposition into the vitreous cavity. (Case 2) A 93-year-old female with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma underwent Ahmed valve implantation in the left eye. Five days after surgery, the intraocular pressure increased with a shallow anterior chamber; the remnant cortex and prolapsed vitreous body were present in the anterior chamber. She underwent anterior chamber washing and surgical iridectomy; however, the increase in intraocular pressure with a shallow anterior chamber worsened after 1 month; thus, anterior vitrectomy was performed. Conclusions Malignant glaucoma after Ahmed valve implantation is considered very rare. However, if risk factors such as short axial length, zonular weakness, old age, or female gender are present, as in these cases, there may be an increased risk of malignant glaucoma developing after Ahmed valve implantation.

Purpose: This study explored the types and incidences of adverse ophthalmic adverse events after COVID-19 vaccination and their associations with such vaccination in patients who presented to the sole local, tertiary, general hospital in region Ulsan of South Korea complaining of ophthalmic discomfort after COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Ulsan University Hospital, which is the only tertiary general hospital in Ulsan city. All participants visited the hospital from March 2021 to August 2022 complaining of ophthalmic discomfort after COVID-19 vaccination. Clinical variables were collected from both our clinical data warehouse and the electronic medical records of the hospital. Results: To date, 2,766,569 COVID-19 vaccine doses have been administered in Ulsan city. A total of 97 cases of vaccination-related adverse ophthalmic events have been confirmed. In 21 of these cases, irreversible sequelae persisted after the side-effects. Most symptoms developed within 1 week after vaccination (mean 5.06 ± 6.86 days). The most common symptom was visual disturbance (67 cases), followed by ocular pain (19 cases) and double vision (16 cases). The most frequent diagnoses associated with irreversible sequelae were neurological diseases (7 cases), retinal diseases (5 cases), and glaucoma (5 cases). The frequencies of side effects were highest for those of BNT162b2 status (34 cases), followed by those of ChAdOx1 (30), mRNA-1273 (20), and Ad26.COV2.S (4). Conclusions In contrast to other vaccinations, COVID-19 vaccination was viewed as urgent; a few known ophthalmic side effects developed after vaccination. Although such adverse events are rare, affected patients must be closely monitored; the sequelae may be irreversible.

PURPOSE: we performed this study to determine whether early and low dose ribavirin therapy for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis in previously healthy infants may reduce the duration of hospital stay. METHODS: Thirty-four Previously healthy infants with RSV bronchiolitis were enrolled in this study. Early in the course of illness, less than 5 days, aerosol ribavirin was administered at a low, single-dose (3 g/150 mL/day) and then we assessed the duration of hospital stays for 16 infants treated with ribavirin (ribavirin group) and 18 infants who received conservative treatment (control group). RESULTS: The baseline characteristics of each group were not significantly different with respect to gestational age, birth weight, age, sex, weight, and height. On admission, there were no significant differences between the two groups in the respiratory rate and body temperature. Duration of hospitalization was significantly shorter in the ribavirin group (4.4+/-0.3 days) as compared to the control group (5.5+/-0.3 days) (P=0.02). CONCLUSION: Early and low-dose ribavirin therapy for RSV bronchiolitis in previously healthy infants may decrease duration of hospital stay.
Birth Weight ; Body Temperature ; Bronchiolitis* ; Gestational Age ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infant* ; Length of Stay ; Respiratory Rate ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses* ; Ribavirin*