Objective To study the effects of pirfenidone on total enzyme and isoenzyme of liver microsomal cytochrome P450 in rats. Methods The activites of liver microsomal dimethyl nitrosamine N-demethylase( NDMA )and erythromycin demethylase( ERD ) were determined. Fifty-six SD rats were randomly divided into six groups,in which they received CMC,dexamethasone 100 mg·kg-1 ,ketoconazole 40 mg·kg-1 ,pirfenidone 25,50,100 mg·kg-1 ,respectively. After administration for 6 and 12 days,livers were prepared liver microsome,the concentration of proteinum in microsome and shade selection to plasma samples were determined by spectrophotometer. Results After administration of pirfenidone for 6 days, cytochrome P450 was significantly increased in 50 and 100 mg·kg-1 pirfenidone groups,as compared with solvent control group (1%sodium carboxymethylcellulose)(P﹤0. 01). After administration of pirfenidone for 6 and 12 days,NDMA of liver microsome was not changed significantly(P﹥0. 05). ERD of liver microsome was significantly increased in 100 mg·kg-1 pirfenidone group after administration for 12 days(P﹤0. 01). Conclusion Pirfenidone can induce P450 and ERD activities in a dose-and time-dependent manner.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of attention in children with comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and tic disorder (TD) (CAT). Methods 60 children with comorbid ADHD and TD (CAT), 79 children with ADHD, 60 children with TD and 71 normal control children (NG) were collected. All of those cases were evaluated with the integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test (IVA-CPT). Results It was slightly higher for visual response control quotient (VRCQ) in CAT group(85.15 ±21.10) than those in ADHD group(78.52 ± 21.85) (P ＜ 0.05), there was no significant different in the other five scores between CAT group and ADHD group (P＞0.05). It was significantly lower for the full response control quotient (FRCQ), auditory response control quotient (ARCQ) ,visual response control quotient (VRCQ), full attention quotient (FAQ), auditory attention quotient (AAQ) and visual attention Quotient (VAQ) in CAT group (83.43 ± 20.98,86.12 ± 19.88,85.15 ± 21. 10,64.88 ± 16.88,67.92 ± 17. 11 ,67.97 ± 20.04) than those in TD group(96.47 ± 17.83,97.50 ± 17.62,95.72 ± 18.87,85.37 ± 18.54,86.47 ± 17.32,87.43 ± 19.89) and those in normal control group(98.42 ± 12.67,101.50 ± 15.39,95.92 ± 11.79,99.33 ± 12.98,98.50 ± 12.09,100.00 ± 16.12) (P＜0.01). Conclusion There have serious reduced control ability and attention deficit in children with CAT. The attention deficit is attributed to the existence of ADHD.

Objective To investigate the expression of CD147 and its significance in human cervical carcinoma. Methods Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect CD147 expression in cervical cancer or normal cervix uteri tissues. Results CD147 protein was expressed in all of cervical carcinomas (41/41, 100.0%) and most of normal cervix uteri tissues (11/12, 91.7%). CD147 with different molecular weights were present in cervical tissues. The percentage of CD147-positive cells and the expressional level of CD147 were higher in cervical carcinomas than in normal cervix (P<0.05). Conclusion CD147 might be recognized as a marker of cell proliferation. High expression of CD147 in cervical carcinomas suggests that it might be a potential target for cervical carcinoma therapy.

Objective To confirm the performance of rate method for detecting ALT in blood donors to verify that it meets the requirements of ISO15189 .Methods according to the requirements of CNSA‐CL02 :2012 the Medical Laboratory Quality and Abili‐ty Recognized Standards and the Blood Station Technical Operation Regulations(edition 2012) ,the precision ,accuracy ,sensitivity , reportable range ,biology reference interval and measurement uncertainty of the detection system were verified .Results The intra‐batch imprecision for the ALT quality control serum and 2 concentrations of blood donor sample detected for 20 times and 20 d was<5 .0% and the inter‐batch imprecision was <6 .7% ;the correct estimates passed the external quality assessment results of the original Ministry of Public Health in 2014 and calibration results analysis .The relative bias was less than 1/2 of CLIA′88 permissi‐ble error;the regression equation of reportable range obtained by the linear regression was Y =0 .995 1X -5 .618 4 ,r=0 .999 7 (R2 =0 .999 4) ,the results within the detection range were correct ;the biological reference interval was 0 .0 -32 .7 U/L and the measurement uncertainty was (74 .90 ± 3 .32)U/L .Conclusion The performance indexes of ALT detection method conform to the expected requirements of ISO15189 .This method can be used as a blood screening test method in laboratory .

Objective:To investigate the clinic-cytology and histopathology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in breasts. Mothods:Twelve cases of NHL of the breast were studied by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAC), histopathology and immunohistochemistry, and whose clinical data were analysed at the same time. Results:In 12 cases of NHL, 3 cases were T-cell NHL and 9 cases were B-cell NHL. Cytologically, the T-cell NHL cells were mostly arranging in diffuse patterns. The tumor cells were oval and pleomorphism. Some of them had distorted nucleus and thin nuclear envelope.The nucleus showed irregular course chromatin and visible nueleoic. Histopathologically, some of the tumor cells distributed around the blood vessels, and there was an obvious phenomenon of “blood-vessel-closing”. B-cell lymphoma cells were arranginy in diffuse pattern, and showed round and ellipse in shape with a clot and course granular chromatin and visible nueleoic and karyoknesis. Lymphoepithelia lesions were seen. Immunohistochemistry showed that CD3, CD43, and CD 45RO in T-cells NHL were positive.CD20, CD74 and CD79a in B-cells NHL were negative. CK, EMA, ER and PR in NHL were all negative. Conclusion:NHL of breast is extremely rare, and its definite diagnosis depends on various examination methods.

Objective: To investigate the advantage of ThinPrep cytological test in tumor diagnosis by fine needle aspiration cytology. Methods: Using fine needle aspiration for smears,some of smears were made in conventional smears,the remains aspirating needles were washed with a transport washing solution.ThinPrep slides were made using the ThinPrep Processor. Results: In 84 cases FNA samples,49 cases were breast,29 cases were lymph node and 6 cases were others.Comparing with conventionally prepared specimens,ThinPrep processed samples showed the advantage in sensitivity or specificity.The lack of cellular debris,blood and exudates improve the ability to detect cellular abnormalities and speed up the time required for screening in ThinPrep processed samples.Rapid cell transfer from the sampling device to the transporing fluid containing the fixative ensure preservation of cell details with minimal artifactual changes. Conclusion: The use of Thinprep and by combination of FNAC and immunocytochemistry cytopathological diagnosis can be improved significantly.

Objective The periacetabular tumor has a low rate of incidence, but its special location poses a challenge to clinical treatment.The aim of this study was to discuss the methods, effects, and complications of surgical treatment of periacetabular tumors. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 36 cases of periacetabular tumor surgically treated in our depart-ment, including 21 males and 15 females, aged 15 to 64 (45.2 ±6.3) years.Among them, there were 8 cases of benign tumor (4 ca-ses of simple bone cyst, 1 case of desmoplastic fibromas, 1 case of osteofibrous dysplasia, and 2 cases of hemangioma) and 28 cases of malignant tumor (5 cases of osteosarcomas, 12 cases of chondrosarcomas, 2 cases of giant cell tumor of the bone, 1 case of malignant chondroblastoma, 2 cases of malignant fibrohistiocytoma, and 5 cases of metastatic tumor of the bone).The benign cases received sim-ple tumor resection plus bone graft and steel plate system internal fixation, while malignant cases underwent reconstruction by combined pedicle screw fixation system with bone cement. Results No patients died perioperatively and controllable complications occurred in 5 cases after operation.All the patients were followed up for 5 to 96 months except for 1 case of benign tumor.None of the benign cases experienced recurrence, and all of them achieved normal hip function.Lung metastases occurred in 10 malignant cases (4 cases of os-teosarcomas and 6 cases of chondrosarcomas) , who died of respiratory failure, and the other 18 remained tumor-free after surgery.Of the 2 patients with malignant fibrohistiocytoma, 1 died 2 years postoperatively and the other survived with tumor.Neither local recur-rence nor lung metastasis was found in the patients with chordoma and malignant chondroblastoma till the end of follow-up.The 5 pa-tients with metastases died within 3 years after operation.At 3 months after surgery, the Harris scores after total hip replacement were >90 in the 7 benign cases, 70-79 in 9 malignant cases, and <70 in the other 19 malignant cases. Conclusion For the treatment of malig-nant tumors, reconstruction by combined pedicle screw fixation system with bone cement does not affect the general daily activities of the pa-tients.Preoperative embolization of the internal iliac artery can reduce bleeding and improve operation safety, and measures should be taken to minimize postoperative complications.

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical efficacy on upper limb motor impairment in stroke between the interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture therapy and the traditional scalp acupuncture therapy.

METHODSThe randomized controlled trial and MINIMIZE layering randomization software were adopted. Seventy patients of upper limb with III to V grade in Brunnstrom scale after stroke were randomized into an interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture group and a traditional scalp acupuncture group, 35 cases in each one. In the interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture group, the middle 2/5 of Dingnieqianxiexian (anterior oblique line of vertex-temporal), the middle 2/5 of Dingniehouxiexian (posterior oblique line of vertex-temporal) and Dingpangerxian (lateral line 2 of vertex) on the affected side were selected as the stimulation areas. Additionally, the rehabilitation training was applied during scalp acupuncture treatment. In the traditional scalp acupuncture group, the scalp stimulation areas were same as the interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture group. But the rehabilitation training was applied separately. The rehabilitation training was applied in the morning and the scalp acupuncture was done in the afternoon. The results in Fugl-Meyer for the upper limb motor function (U-FMA), the Wolf motor function measure scale (WM- FT) and the modified Barthel index in the two groups were compared between the two groups before treatment and in 1 and 2 months of treatment, respectively.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the U-FMA score, WMFT score and the score of the modified Barthel index were all apparently improved as compared with those before treatment (all P < 0.01). The improvement in the U-FMA score after treatment in the interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture group was better than that in the traditional scalp acupuncture group (P < 0.05). For the patients of IV to V grade in Brunnstrom scale, WMFT score in 2 months of treatment and the score of Barthel index after treatment in the interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture group were improved apparently as compared with those in the traditional scalp acupuncture group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). But, for the patients of III grade in Brunnstrom scale, WMFT score and the score of Barthel index after treatment in the interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture group were not different significantly as compared with those in the traditional scalp acupuncture group (both P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFor the patients of IV to V grade in Brunnstrom scale in stroke, the interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture therapy achieves the superior improvements of the upper limb motor function and the activity of daily life as compared with the traditional scalp acupuncture therapy, and the longer the treatment lasts, the more apparent the improvements are. For the patients of III grade in Brunnstrom scale, the interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture therapy achieves the similar improvement in the upper limb motor impairment as compared with the traditional scalp acupuncture therapy.

Activities of Daily Living ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Therapy ; Scalp ; Stroke ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Stroke Rehabilitation ; Treatment Outcome ; Upper Extremity ; physiopathology

Clinical trial is the most direct and the most effective way to test the performance of medical equipments.The Belmont Report is the statement of the basic moral principles and guidelines,used to help solve the moral problems produced in scientific researches involving human subjects.This apaper examines the ethical issues in clinical trials for medical equipments from the perspective of the Belmont report.It first introduces the background and basic concepts of Belmont report,background concept and the concept and the basic process of medical equipment clinical trials.Then the three principles of the Belmont Report is presented and how to apply the Report to solve ethical problems arising in medical equipment trials.Application of informed consent risk and benefits assessment,and selection of subjects participants and the distribution of research results to address the ethical issues arising in clinical trials.

Objective This study was designed to compare the safety and efficacy of fast track surgery (FTS) with conventional perioperative management in colonl cancer patients undergoing radical resection.Methods From May 2011 to May 2013,66 patients with colorectal cancer were randomly assigned to FTS group and control group.Outcomes were assessed by length of postoperative hospital stay,medical cost,nutritional status,gut function,and postoperative complication.Results FTS group was associated with a significantly shorter postoperative hospital stay,lessmedical cost,earlier first passage of flatus,less loss of body weight in the postoperative period compared with control group,and there were no differences in morbidity or mortality between two groups.Conclusion The radical resection under the guidence of fast track rehabilitation is safe and effective method.Significantly reduce patients' perioparative stess response and accelerate the recovery.