The purpose of foreign language teaching in Chinese medicine is not only translation,but also clearly the role and the purposes of translation.Inputing a culture to another culture is not culture exchange,but cultural coagulation.Expressions with modem scientific system allow speculative natural philosophy freed from the ancient Chinese-style paper into the theory expressed by modem scientific language in order to solve the problems of teaching foreign languages of traditional Chinese medicine texts.

Objective To synthesize an iron-based metal organic framework(MOF) material and investigate its adjuvant effect on immune response in mice. Methods The iron-based MOF material was synthesized via the hydrothermal reaction method, of which the morphology and composition were characterized by transmission electron microscope(TEM), scanning electron microscope(SEM), dynamic light scattering particle analyzer(DLS), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer(XPS), and specific surface area analysis(Brunauer Emmett Teller, BET). Using ovalbumin(OVA) as immunogen, 20 female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into iron-based MOF + OVA group(60 μg iron-based MOF + 20 μg OVA), Alu + OVA group(50 μg Alu+ 20 μg OVA), OVA group(20 μg OVA), and blank group(0. 9% normal saline), and were injected intramuscularly through the lateral thigh at 0, 14 and 28 d, respectively, with 100 μL/mouse. Blood samples were collected from the tail vein at 7, 21 and42 d after the initial immunization, the serum was separated, and the specific IgG antibody level was determined by ELISA.At 42 d after the initial immunization, the levels of specific IgG subtype antibodies in serum, IFNγ secreted by splenocytes,as well as IFNγ, IL-2 and IL-4 secreted by CD4~+T and CD8~+T cells were detected by ELISA, ELISPOT and flow cytometry,respectively. The body mass of mice at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 d after the initial immunization was measured, and the behavior of mice in various groups was observed. Results The synthesized iron-based MOF material exhibited a spherical morphology, an average particle size of approximately 129. 4 nm, a specific surface area of 16. 7 m~2/g and a pore diameter of7. 73 nm, containing C, N, S and Fe elements with more content of Fe element. At 42 d after the initial immunization, there was no significant difference in IgG level between iron-based MOF + OVA group and Alu + OVA group(F = 1. 00, P > 0. 05),but IgG2a and IgG2b levels increased significantly in iron-based MOF + OVA group(F = 16. 90 and 16. 57, respectively,each P < 0. 05);the level of IFNγ secreted by spleen cells increased significantly(F = 19. 47, each P < 0. 05);the level of IFNγ secreted by CD4~+T cells increased significantly(F = 14. 94, P < 0. 01), but that secreted by CD8~+T cells had no significant difference(F = 1. 00, P > 0. 05), and the levels of IL-2 and IL-4 secreted by CD8~+T cells increased significantly(F =100. 00 and 945. 80, each P < 0. 001). During the whole immunization process, there were no abnormal behaviors such as depilation or refusal to eat, and the body mass of mice in various groups changed little. Conclusion The prepared iron-based MOF material is simple to synthesize, stable in structure with nano-scale size, which can elicit humoral and cellular immune responses in mice, and is expected to become a new vaccine adjuvant.

Based on the report of previous clinical study which showed cholinergic receptor antagonist scopolamine had antidepressant activity, this study was to investigate the antidepressant activity of scopolamine and explore its effective dose in mice, and to evaluate the effect of scopolamine on the central nervous system and learning/memory ability at its antidepressant effective dose. Tail suspension test, forced swimming test, step-down passive avoidance test and open field test were used to evaluate its effects on mice. Compared with the vehicle control group, single-dose administration of scopolamine (0.1-0.4 mg x kg(-1), ip) significantly decreased the immobility time (P < 0.01 or P < 0.001) in tail suspension test, and significantly decreased the immobility time (P < 0.001) in forced swimming test, but had no effect on the step-down latency and errors in step-down passive avoidance test. Scopolamine (0.1 and 0.2 mg x kg(-1), ip) had no influence on the locomotor activity in open field test, while at dose of 0.4 mg x kg(-1) significantly increase the locomotor activity. These results showed that scopolamine produced reliable antidepressant effect at doses of 0.1 and 0.2 mg x kg(-1), without impairment on learning and memory, as well as excitory or inhibitory effect on central nervous system in mice.

OBJECTIVE In order to explore and control the risk factors of nosocomial infection in intracerebral hemorrhage.METHODS To study prospectively in 837 hospitalized patients with intracerebral hemorrhage in our hospital from Jan.1997 to June 1999. RESULTS It was showed 215 cases of the nosocomial infection were found among 837 cases with the intracerebral hemorrhage(25.8%).Among them,nosocomial lower respiratory tract infection was the highest(39.1%),the second one was the urinary tract(27.8%).Nosocomial infection was closely related with such factors as the aging,location and volume of intracerebral hematoma,disturbance of consciousness, smoking,blood sugar,invasive operation,antibiotic prophylaxis,bed-days.Whereas serum cholesterol was a protective factor.CONCLUSIONS Nosocomial infection was still a high frequent complication in intracerebral hemorrhage and it should be paid attention.This is the most important step to control nosocomial infection of intracerebral hemorrhage in the hospital.

BACKGROUND: Fetal microchimerism is a kind of stem cells which comes from fetus in pluripara. The research on fetal microchimerism is a hotspot because it may affect the health condition of pluripara.OBJECTIVE: To introduce the methods of how to detect fetal microchimerism, and the function of fetal microchimerism during disease and tissue repair of the mother.METHODS: Fetal microchimerism was used as a key word, and papers published before 2011-05-20 were retrieved in PubMed. Repetitive papers were eliminated.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totally 655 papers were retrieved, and finally 26 were reviewed. There are several methods used for fetal microchimerism detecting, and fetal microchimerism may pay an important role in the pathomechanism of pluripara autoimmune diseases, cancer and tissue repair.

Objective To improve the current method of spermatogonial cells transplantation, and make the new method become more operative and easy to carry out. Methods The spermatogonial cells in rC57BL6/tg14 (act-EGFO-Osb Y01) mice that expresse GFP protein were collected as the donor cells, and by using a modified syringe, and then were injected into the seminiferous tubules of pretreated wild type GFP-null mice through testicular efferent duct. The transplantation outcome was evaluated by trypan blue stainting and fluorescent microscopic examination and pathohistological analysis of transplanted testis. Results The transplanted testis of recipient mice showed green fluorescence signal, and the signal of seminiferous tubules was found significantly higher than that of the surrounding tissues. The transplanted GFP-positive cells generated colonies and spermatogenesis but pretreated wild type GFP-null mice were not found. Conclusion The expressed GFP protein spermatogonial cells in rC57BL6/tg14 mice were successfully transplanted in the wild type GFP-null recipient mice, fourthermore the improved transplantation method simplified the triditional one and achieved the same transplantation results.

BACKGROUND: The endothelial-mesenchymal transition is known to play a central role in the pathological process of heterotopic ossification. OBJECTIVE: To verify the inhibitory effect of SMAD7 on endothelial-mesenchymal transition such as myofibroblast transformation and to explore whether it is a potential target for heterotopic ossification.METHODS: A lentivirus overexpressing SMAD7 was contructed and the optimal titre and transfection efficiency in rat aortic endothelial cells were determined. The lentivirus was then injected into a rat model of Achilles tendon injury, while the controls were given the injection of normal saline. Expressions of endothelial and mesenchymal markers at the injured site were analyzed by quantitative PCR and western blot assay. The heterotopic ossification was observed radiologically and histologically.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Local injection of SMAD7-delivering lentivirus resulted in an upregulation of CD31 and VE-cadherin, and a downregulation of N-cadherin and vimentin, suggesting that the endothelial-mesenchymal transition is blocked due to local SMAD7 overexpression. The inhibitory effect became more evident at 10 weeks than at 6 weeks after modeling. Radiology and histological staining further confirmed that the ossified structures in the tendon tissue disappeared after injection of SMAD7-delivering lentivirus, as opposed to the control group. These data suggest that local overexpression of SMAD7 can prevent postoperative heterotopic ossification with no effect on wound healing.

Objective To screen a thermostable urate oxidase-producing strain, optimize the fermentation conditions and study the enzymatic properties.Methods A urate oxidase-producing strain was screened from high temperature starter based on transparent circle method.Its 16S rDNA sequence was then amplified and analyzed.Meanwhile, the phylogenetic trees were built.Optimization of the fermentation conditions from this strain was carried out.The enzymatic properties of urate oxidase were studied.Results A urate oxidase-producing strain, named Bacillus subtilis ZX-6 by molecular identification, was obtained.The production of urate oxidase under the optimized conditons (135.9 U/L) was 133.7%higher than before.The optimum reaction temperature and pH were 45℃ and 7.6 respectively.The residual activity of urate oxidase at 37℃ for 48 h was still 17.2%.Conclusion The successful screening of a thermostable urate oxidase-producing strain and optimization of the fermentation conditions will lay a foundation for the further research.

The patient doctor relationship,as the essential part of medical relationship, is inevitably influenced by the medical views and develops with the evolvement of medical modes. Understanding the inner logical relationships between the medical mode and the patient-doctor relationship can facilitate the further research on the patient-doctor relationship. Currently, we should choose the mode of the patient-doctor relationship on the basis of respecting patient, emphasizing the obligation, motivating the activity of patients, and constructing an honesty-trust relationship between patient and doctor, which will make it easy to understand the ethical request of the constructing of patient-doctor relationship and make the definition of the patient doctor relationship clearer.

Research of oncogenes related to thyroid cancer has an important significance to reveal pathogenesis and identify benign and malignant lesions.At the mean time,these genes are helpful to find the reliable and feasible detection means of early diagnosis for thyroid cancer.