No abstract available.
Aged* ; Humans

Fracture of acetabular are relatively uncommon, but when they occur they seem to pose management difficulties for attending surgeon. They are, however, important injuries because they may give rise to disabling symptoms. Furthermore, they are increasing in frequency due to the increasing number of traffic accidents. Forty cases of acetabular fracture were treated in the National Medical Center during the period 1980 to 1987. The short summary of observation were as follows : 1) There was a preponderance of young patients, the majority being in the 31–40 age group(68%). The ratio between males and females was 2.6:1. 2) The most common cause of injury was traffic accident(68%). 3) The most common associated fracture was pelvic bone fracture(48%), and most common associated other injury was abdominal visceral injury(30%). 4) The most common fracture was posterior wall fracture(28%) following to Judet & Letournel's anatomocal clsssification. 5) Twenty-five fracture(63%) were treated by conservative measures, and 15 fractures (37%) were treated by open reduction and internal fixation. 6) The results were as follows : excellent in 13(33%), good in 19(47%), fair in 5(13%), and poor in 3(7%). 7) The complication of acetabular fracture were traumatic arthritis in 6 cases, sciatic nerve injury in 2 cases, avascular necrosis of femoral head in 2 cases. 8) Not only choice of treatment but also determination of surgical approch require accurate assessment of the fracture pattern in this region of complex bony architecture by careful radiologic analysis.
Accidents, Traffic ; Acetabulum ; Arthritis ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Necrosis ; Pelvic Bones ; Sciatic Nerve

High tibial osteotomy is now an accepted procedure in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. Since the effect of this procedure is to shift the line of weight bearing from one compartment of the other, the procedure is of value in knees with osteoarthritis only when there is predominant involvement of one compartment. The osteoarthritis of knee developed bilaterally in many case, so simultaneous bilateral high tibial osteotomy under one anesthetic was considered. Eight cases of osteoarthritis with genu varum deformity were treated by simultaneous bilateral high tibial osteotomy at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of NMC during the,period from January, 1984 to December, 1987. The results were as follows: l. All case were female, and the mean age was 56 years old. 2. Preoperative mean varus angle were 4° in right, 3.4° in left, and postoperative mean valgus angle were 8° in right, 6° in left at final follow-up. 3. The results after average 2.2 years of follow-up were as follows: good in 5 cases(63%), fair in 1 cases(12%), poor in 2 cases(25%) 4. The complications were one proximal tibial fracture, one displacement of distal fragment, and one transient peroneal nerve palsy. 5. Mean immobilization period was 7 wks and mean hospitalization period was 48 days. 6. More rigid internal fixation was recommended in simultaneous procedure to reduce the period of hospitalization and early ambulation.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Early Ambulation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genu Varum ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Knee ; Osteoarthritis ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; Osteotomy ; Paralysis ; Peroneal Nerve ; Tibial Fractures ; Weight-Bearing

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Sleep duration and diet quality are reportedly associated with the risk of diabetes. This study aimed to examine the risk of diabetes according to sleep duration and diet quality in middle-aged Koreans. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019–2020, raw data from 2,934 participants aged 40–64 yrs (1,090 men and 1,844 women) who were not diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were analyzed. With a sleep duration of 7–7.9 h per night as the referent category, diet quality was assessed using the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI), which comprises adequacy, moderation, and energy balance. RESULTS: The study results showed that individuals with a short sleep duration had significantly higher blood glucose (P = 0.034) and HbA1c levels (P < 0.001) than those had by individuals with a sleep duration of 7–7.9 h. Within the group with a sleep duration of 7–7.9 h, the lowest quintile of the KHEI score had a significantly higher risk of prediabetes than that had by the highest quintile of the KHEI score (Model 1: odds ratio [OR], 1.775; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.072–2.939; P < 0.05 and Model 2: OR, 1.731; 95% CI, 1.040–2.882; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that achieving the sleep duration of 7–7.9 h and eating good diet are associated with the lowest risk of prediabetes. We recommend that the results of this study be used to educate adults aged 40–64 yrs on diet and lifestyle habits to prevent diabetes.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Sleep duration and diet quality are reportedly associated with the risk of diabetes. This study aimed to examine the risk of diabetes according to sleep duration and diet quality in middle-aged Koreans. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019–2020, raw data from 2,934 participants aged 40–64 yrs (1,090 men and 1,844 women) who were not diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were analyzed. With a sleep duration of 7–7.9 h per night as the referent category, diet quality was assessed using the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI), which comprises adequacy, moderation, and energy balance. RESULTS: The study results showed that individuals with a short sleep duration had significantly higher blood glucose (P = 0.034) and HbA1c levels (P < 0.001) than those had by individuals with a sleep duration of 7–7.9 h. Within the group with a sleep duration of 7–7.9 h, the lowest quintile of the KHEI score had a significantly higher risk of prediabetes than that had by the highest quintile of the KHEI score (Model 1: odds ratio [OR], 1.775; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.072–2.939; P < 0.05 and Model 2: OR, 1.731; 95% CI, 1.040–2.882; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that achieving the sleep duration of 7–7.9 h and eating good diet are associated with the lowest risk of prediabetes. We recommend that the results of this study be used to educate adults aged 40–64 yrs on diet and lifestyle habits to prevent diabetes.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Sleep duration and diet quality are reportedly associated with the risk of diabetes. This study aimed to examine the risk of diabetes according to sleep duration and diet quality in middle-aged Koreans. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019–2020, raw data from 2,934 participants aged 40–64 yrs (1,090 men and 1,844 women) who were not diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were analyzed. With a sleep duration of 7–7.9 h per night as the referent category, diet quality was assessed using the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI), which comprises adequacy, moderation, and energy balance. RESULTS: The study results showed that individuals with a short sleep duration had significantly higher blood glucose (P = 0.034) and HbA1c levels (P < 0.001) than those had by individuals with a sleep duration of 7–7.9 h. Within the group with a sleep duration of 7–7.9 h, the lowest quintile of the KHEI score had a significantly higher risk of prediabetes than that had by the highest quintile of the KHEI score (Model 1: odds ratio [OR], 1.775; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.072–2.939; P < 0.05 and Model 2: OR, 1.731; 95% CI, 1.040–2.882; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that achieving the sleep duration of 7–7.9 h and eating good diet are associated with the lowest risk of prediabetes. We recommend that the results of this study be used to educate adults aged 40–64 yrs on diet and lifestyle habits to prevent diabetes.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Sleep duration and diet quality are reportedly associated with the risk of diabetes. This study aimed to examine the risk of diabetes according to sleep duration and diet quality in middle-aged Koreans. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019–2020, raw data from 2,934 participants aged 40–64 yrs (1,090 men and 1,844 women) who were not diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were analyzed. With a sleep duration of 7–7.9 h per night as the referent category, diet quality was assessed using the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI), which comprises adequacy, moderation, and energy balance. RESULTS: The study results showed that individuals with a short sleep duration had significantly higher blood glucose (P = 0.034) and HbA1c levels (P < 0.001) than those had by individuals with a sleep duration of 7–7.9 h. Within the group with a sleep duration of 7–7.9 h, the lowest quintile of the KHEI score had a significantly higher risk of prediabetes than that had by the highest quintile of the KHEI score (Model 1: odds ratio [OR], 1.775; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.072–2.939; P < 0.05 and Model 2: OR, 1.731; 95% CI, 1.040–2.882; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that achieving the sleep duration of 7–7.9 h and eating good diet are associated with the lowest risk of prediabetes. We recommend that the results of this study be used to educate adults aged 40–64 yrs on diet and lifestyle habits to prevent diabetes.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Sleep duration and diet quality are reportedly associated with the risk of diabetes. This study aimed to examine the risk of diabetes according to sleep duration and diet quality in middle-aged Koreans. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019–2020, raw data from 2,934 participants aged 40–64 yrs (1,090 men and 1,844 women) who were not diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were analyzed. With a sleep duration of 7–7.9 h per night as the referent category, diet quality was assessed using the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI), which comprises adequacy, moderation, and energy balance. RESULTS: The study results showed that individuals with a short sleep duration had significantly higher blood glucose (P = 0.034) and HbA1c levels (P < 0.001) than those had by individuals with a sleep duration of 7–7.9 h. Within the group with a sleep duration of 7–7.9 h, the lowest quintile of the KHEI score had a significantly higher risk of prediabetes than that had by the highest quintile of the KHEI score (Model 1: odds ratio [OR], 1.775; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.072–2.939; P < 0.05 and Model 2: OR, 1.731; 95% CI, 1.040–2.882; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that achieving the sleep duration of 7–7.9 h and eating good diet are associated with the lowest risk of prediabetes. We recommend that the results of this study be used to educate adults aged 40–64 yrs on diet and lifestyle habits to prevent diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: Teeth discoloration is a rare orthodontic complication. The aim of this study was to report the clinical progression of discoloration during orthodontic treatment. METHODS: Discolored teeth, detected during orthodontic treatment between January 2003 and December 2012 by a single dentist using similar techniques and appliances, were analyzed. RESULTS: The total number of teeth that showed discoloration was 28. Progression of discoloration was evaluated in only 24 teeth that were observed without any treatment. During the observation period, the discoloration “improved” in 8 of the 24 teeth (33.3%) and was “maintained” in 16 (66.6%). The electric pulp test performed at the time of initial detection of discoloration showed 14.3% positivity, which improved to 21.4% at the final follow-up. None of the initial and final follow-up radiographic findings showed any abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: When teeth discoloration is detected during orthodontic treatment, observation as an initial management is recommended over immediate treatments.
Dentists ; Esthetics ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Tooth*

Microsatellite mutator phenotype (MMP) tumors were reported in a subset of gastrointestinal carcinomas. The molecular pathogenesis of MMP tumors shows defects in the DNA mismatch repair genes, and also many germline and somatic mutations were reported in the MMP tumors. However, the detection of genetic defects in the MMP tumors is very difficult, mainly because many genes are included in the DNA mismatch repair genes. This study was undertaken to determine the best strategy for detecting defects in the DNA mismatch repair genes in gastrointestinal carcinomas. One of the effective ways for detecting defects in DNA mismatch repair genes is to screen the MMP tumors and evaluate the products of DNA mismatch repair genes by performing the multiplex RT-PCR method. We have screened the MMP tumors by using 5 microsatellite markers in the 12 cancer cell lines, 120 colon carcinomas and 99 gastric carcinomas and found 6 MMP cell lines, 10 MMP colon cancers, and 9 MMP gastric carcinomas. In addition, we evaluated 6 DNA mismatch repair gene products (hMSH2, hMSH3, hMSH6, hMLH1, hPMS1 and hPMS2) by multiplex RT-PCR analysis and found decreased expression of the DNA mismatch repair genes in 5 (hMSH6 in DLD-1 and HCT-15; hMSH2 in LoVo; hMLH1 and hMSH3 in HCT-116; hMLH1 in SNU-638) out of 6 MMP cell lines. We also found a decreased expression of hMLH1 in 3 out of 10 MMP colon carcinomas, and in 6 out of 9 MMP gastric carcinomas. Our results indicate that the expression analysis of the DNA mismatch repair genes by multiplex RT-PCR method can reduce the number of genes subjected to mutational analysis and is convenient for screening the responsible DNA mismatch repair genes.
Cell Line ; Colon ; Colonic Neoplasms ; DNA Mismatch Repair* ; DNA* ; Mass Screening ; Microsatellite Repeats* ; Phenotype*