BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between psychosocial stress, alcohol expectancy, drinking refusal self-efficacy, and drinking behaviors with problematic sexual behaviors in college students. METHODS: Participants were college students (129 males, 67 females) with a mean age of 22.6 years old. Data analysis was done with SPSS 13.0 for descriptive statistics and LISREL 8.53 program for path analysis. RESULTS: The path model showed a good fit to the empirical data (chi2=10.14, P=0.71, GFI=0.98, AGFI=0.94, CFI=0.96, RMSEA=0.07). Our analysis showed that psychosocial stress, drinking refusal self-efficacy, and alcohol expectancy had a significant direct effect on drinking behaviors and that drinking behaviors had a significant direct effect on problematic sexual behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that alcohol prevention or education programs should emphasize stress management and refusal skills training to prevent college students from drinking behaviors and problematic sexual behaviors at the highest risk for various stressors and heavy drinking.
Alcohols ; Disulfiram ; Drinking ; Drinking Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Sexual Behavior ; Statistics as Topic

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Aged* ; Humans

Nurses working with families who has a hospitalized child are aware of the complexity of the tasks and stresses they deal with new setting of environment. The challenge is to assess the family coping activity that require the most immediate intervention for the effective nursing care for child and family. This study describe the family coping inventory for the clinical guidance to identify a family coping with stressors. The purpose of this study was to look at the factors related to the family's coping activity when the child was hospitalized. The data were collected with a questionnaire between July and August, 1999, in a sample of 106 families who have hospitalized child. Family coping was assessed using Family Crisis Oriented Personal Evaluation Scale(F-COPES). Data was analyzed using correlation coefficent and analysis of variance. Positive correlation was found between social support, reframe with mobilizing the family to acquire and accept help in sub-domain of family coping. Strongest correlation existed between the family's spiritual support and total family coping. The type of diagnosis, the level of family income, religion, and child's age were significantly different in family coping. The result show that the family coping is affected by the characteristics of child and family, as well as the factors of coping activity. Therefore, early assessment of family coping skill and activity is important to the prevention of problem with function toward wholeness as a unit and child's well being. It can be used with a broad range of child's hospitalization process. It also serve as a nursing record and planning tool for documenting issues that may become priorities for future interventions.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Child ; Child, Hospitalized* ; Diagnosis ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Nursing Care ; Nursing Records ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This study was to test the reliability and validity of a Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire-Revised (DRSEQ-R) in Korean college students. METHODS: The DRSEQ-R was designed to assess an individual's belief in their ability to refuse drinking alcohol by Oei et al. (2005) and consisted of three factors (social pressure, opportunity, and emotional relief). A methodological study design with an exploratory factor analysis for validity and correlation coefficients for reliability was used. DRSEQ-R was translated into Korean and a translation equivalency was obtained. DRSEQ-R was tested with a sample of 201 college students in Korea. The subjects consisted of 106 males and 95 females. Principal component factor analysis was used for construct validity and Cronbach's alpha was used to evaluate for internal consistency of the instrument. RESULTS: The factor analysis showed three factors explaining 66.3% of total variance and the corresponding factors were emotional relief (48.01%), drinking contextual opportunity (11.18%), and social pressure (7.14%). The internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach's alpha=.937). All three factors of DRSEQ-R negatively correlated with alcohol dependency and a heavy drinker showed a lower DRSEQ-R than a moderate drinker. CONCLUSION: Based on the findings, DRSEQ-R is a reliable and valid instrument to measure for drinking refusal self-efficacy in Korean college students.
Alcohol Drinking/*prevention & control ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; *Questionnaires ; Reproducibility of Results ; *Self Efficacy ; Social Behavior ; Students/*psychology ; Translating ; Universities ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Ovarian Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: This study was to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and risk factors in elderly people (old vs oldest-old) with arthritis. METHODS: The Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) was used with a sample of 1,084 elderly people with arthritis aged 65 or above. RESULTS: We found that the prevalence of depressive symptom was greater for oldest-old people (66.7%) compared to old people (56%). Significant differences between old people and oldest-old people were found for education, living with spouse, number of generation, regular exercise, body mass index (BMI), ADL limitation, self-rated health, and depression. Significant differences existed between depression and non-depression in terms of all variables except region and BMI among old people. But, among the oldest people, ADL limitation and self-rated health showed differences. The Logistic regression analysis revealed that religion, medical comorbidity, ADL limitation, self-rated health were significantly associated with depressive symptoms in old people. But, in oldest-old people, none of the variables were associated with depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION: The findings show that there are age differences in depression and related factors in elderly people with arthritis. Longitudinal studies, which covered depressive symptom severity and which are controlled for a large number of potential confounders, will need to complement the results of this study in the future.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthritis/*psychology ; Body Mass Index ; Comorbidity ; Depression/*psychology ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Socioeconomic Factors

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to explore the balance of work-life and parenting experience of nurses. METHODS: This qualitative study used the phenomenological methodology proposed by Giorgi. In-depth interviews were conducted on a total of 10 participants working at hospitals in Seoul and Gyeongnam province in 2017 to collect data. RESULTS: Four main issues were deduced: “complex situation between work and parenting,” “conflict situation of being in a double bind between work and parenting,” “the power to endure both work and parenting,” and “finding hope between work and parenting. CONCLUSION: The findings in this study provide an in-depth understanding on the work-life balance and parenting experience of nurses. These findings should help in the development of solutions to the conflict between work and family for nurses and enable them to develop effective strategies.
Hope ; Humans ; Parenting ; Parents ; Qualitative Research ; Seoul

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to explore the balance of work-life and parenting experience of nurses. METHODS: This qualitative study used the phenomenological methodology proposed by Giorgi. In-depth interviews were conducted on a total of 10 participants working at hospitals in Seoul and Gyeongnam province in 2017 to collect data. RESULTS: Four main issues were deduced: “complex situation between work and parenting,”“conflict situation of being in a double bind between work and parenting,”“the power to endure both work and parenting,” and “finding hope between work and parenting. CONCLUSION The findings in this study provide an in-depth understanding on the work-life balance and parenting experience of nurses. These findings should help in the development of solutions to the conflict between work and family for nurses and enable them to develop effective strategies.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of a physical activity-behavior modification combined intervention(PABM-intervention) on metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese elementary school children. METHODS: Thirty-two participants (BMI> or =85 percentile or relative obesity> or =10) were allocated to the PABM-intervention group and behavior modification only intervention group. The PABM-intervention was composed of exercise intervention consisting of 50 minutes of physical activity(Hip-hop dance & gymbased exercises) twice a week and the behavior modification intervention consisted of 50 minutes of instruction for modifying lifestyle habits(diet & exercise) once a week. Effectiveness of intervention was based on waist circumference, BP, HDL-cholesterol, TG, and fasting glucose before and after the intervention. RESULTS: The proportion of subjects with 1, 2, 3 or more metabolic risk factors were 28.1, 43.8, and 15.6%, respectively. After the 8-week intervention, waist circumference, systolic BP, diastolic BP, and HDL-cholesterol changed significantly(p<.01) in the PABM group. CONCLUSION: This provides evidence that a PABM-intervention is effective in changing metabolic risk factors such as waist circumference, systolic BP, diastolic BP, and HDL-cholesterol in overweight and obese elementary school children.
*Behavior Therapy ; Blood Pressure ; Body Composition ; Child ; Combined Modality Therapy ; *Exercise Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Lipids/blood ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome X/*etiology ; Obesity/complications/*therapy ; Overweight/*therapy ; Physical Fitness ; Program Evaluation ; Risk Factors

Families of children with cancer face many illness-related demands. The perceived social support is a critical resource for the family adaptation process. And the patterns of family adaptation to childhood cancer varies as characteristics of disease, which is prognosis, the influence of cognition function, and treatment process. The conceptual definition of social support is not unidimensional. However, most studies focus on general aspect of mediating effects on adaptation. Diverse dimensions of perceived social support should be considered in its effectiveness for intervention. Therefore, this study was undertaken to determine whether family's perceived social support influences the family adaptation of family with pediatric cancer and what dimension influences mostly in family adaptation as the characteristics of disease in the family of children with cancer. The subject was consisted of 102 families with pediatric cancer who had been diagnosed as leukemia or brain tumor last 2 years. Those families had participated in the education program or meetings for family who have with pediatric cancer children. The measurement for this study were Personal Resource Questionnaire (PRQ) Part- ll developed by Brandt and Weinert to measure parents' perceived social support, and the McCubbin's Coping Health Inventory for Parents (CHIP) to measure family coping. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; Regression analysis showed that perceived social support has effect on family adaptation with beta=.43, p < .01. In the group of family of child with leukemia, social support as general has effect on adaptation (beta=.40, p < .01) and specially, social support perceived as intimacy was strongly effect on family adaptation. And In the group of brain tumor, Social support has effect on adaptation(beta=.46, p < .01) and among the social support domains, the self esteem dimension was most predictable to family adaptation. In conclusion, the perceived social support is a predictor on family adaptation and useful vehicle to help family who has child with pediatric cancer. An important clinical implication is that specified support program for intervention may be useful and critical for the family who has diverse pediatric conditions of childhood cancer. Further studies should stress the effects of family support for clinical intervention and is needed with diverse stage of development and pediatric conditions.
Brain Neoplasms ; Child* ; Cognition ; Education ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Negotiating ; Parents ; Prognosis ; Self Concept ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires