No abstract available.
Brain ; Brain Abscess ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Head

BACKGROUND: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to yield alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG) with production of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). Dysfunctional IDH leads to reduced production of alpha-KG and NADH and increased production of 2-hydroxyglutarate, an oncometabolite. This results in increased oxidative damage and stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor alpha, causing cells to be prone to tumorigenesis. METHODS: This study investigated IDH mutations in 61 Ewing sarcoma family tumors (ESFTs), using a pentose nucleic acid clamping method and direct sequencing. RESULTS: We identified four cases of ESFTs harboring IDH mutations. The number of IDH1 and IDH2 mutations was equal and the subtype of IDH mutations was variable. Clinicopathologic analysis according to IDH mutation status did not reveal significant results. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to report IDH mutations in ESFTs. The results indicate that ESFTs can harbor IDH mutations in previously known hot-spot regions, although their incidence is rare. Further validation with a larger case-based study would establish more reliable and significant data on prevalence rate and the biological significance of IDH mutations in ESFTs.
Carcinogenesis ; Constriction ; Decarboxylation ; Humans ; Incidence ; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase ; NAD ; Prevalence ; Sarcoma, Ewing*

Papillary thyroid carcinoma with nodular fasciitis-like stroma (PTC-NFS) is a rare variant of PTC. The term 'PTC with fibromatosis-like stroma' has been used as a synonym to describe this variant. It is characterized by extensive proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the tumor stroma, which occurs in up to 80% of the tumors. We herein describe a case of PTC-NFS which developed in a 49-year-old woman with the demonstration of findings of ultrasonography, fine needle aspiration cytology and histological examination of the lesion. To characterize the stromal components, we investigated the expression of several immunohistochemical markers which have been shown to be expressed differently in nodular fasciitis (NF) and fibromatosis (FM). The immunostaining results demonstrated nuclear and cytoplasmic accumulation of beta-catenin, cytoplasmic transforming growth factor-beta expression and nuclear Smad expression in the stromal cells, suggesting that the stromal cells in this case have similar molecular profiles to those of FM rather than NF.
beta Catenin ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Cytoplasm ; Factor IX ; Fasciitis ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Fibroma ; Humans ; Myofibroblasts ; Stromal Cells ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms

PURPOSE: Helicopter parenting is emerging in parenting as a way of rearing adolescents and adult children. The aims of this study were to develop a Korean version of the Helicopter Parenting and Autonomy Supportive Behaviors Scale (HPASB). METHODS: The HPASB questionnaire items were translated into Korean and reviewed by experts and Content Validity Index (CVI) in a preliminary study with 10 university students. During September and October, 2014 data were collected from 229 nursing students from five different universities in different locations. For data analysis, SPSS 21.0 statistics which included exploratory factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA were utilized. RESULTS: Content validity was over CVI .8. The 6 factors of K-HPASB were extracted and accounted for 59.30% of variance. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was .71 indicating high reliability. CONCLUSION: The Korean version of the HPASB was identified as a scale with a high degree of validity and reliability. The results of this study provide a valuable scale which can be useful in the study of parenting as a way of rearing adolescents and adult children in Korea. To enhance the positive aspect of helicopter parenting, we suggest the development of intervention programs on parenting.
Adolescent ; Adult Children ; Aircraft* ; Humans ; Korea ; Parenting* ; Parents* ; Reproducibility of Results* ; Statistics as Topic ; Students, Nursing

PURPOSE: To determine the baseline clinical characteristics associated with dose escalation of solifenacin in patients with overactive bladder (OAB). METHODS: We analyzed the data of patients with OAB (micturition frequency > or =8/day and urgency > or =1/day) who were treated with solifenacin and followed up for 24 weeks. According to our department protocol, all the patients kept voiding diaries, and OAB symptom scores (OABSS) were monitored at baseline and after 4, 12, and 24 weeks of solifenacin treatment. RESULTS: In total, 68 patients (mean age, 60.8+/-10.0 years) were recruited. The dose escalation rate by the end of the study was 41.2%, from 23.5% at 4 weeks and 17.6% at 12 weeks. At baseline, the dose escalator group had significantly more OAB wet patients (53.6% vs. 20.0%) and higher total OABSS (10.2+/-2.4 vs. 7.9+/-3.5, P=0.032) than the nonescalator group. OAB wet (odds ratio [OR], 4.615; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.578-13.499; P<0.05) and total OABSS (OR, 1.398; 95% CI, 1.046-1.869; P<0.05) were found to be independently associated with dose escalation. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who have urgency urinary incontinence and high total OABSS have a tendency for dose escalation of solifenacin.
Elevators and Escalators ; Humans ; Muscarinic Antagonists ; Solifenacin Succinate ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive* ; Urinary Incontinence

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to propose finite element (FE) modeling methods for predicting stress distributions on teeth and mandible under chewing action. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For FE model generation, CT images of skull were translated into 3D FE models, and static analysis was performed considering linear material behaviors and nonlinear geometrical effect. To find out proper boundary and loading conditions, parametric studies were performed with various areas and directions of restraints and loading. The loading directions are prescribed to be same as direction of masseter muscle, which was referred from anatomy chart and CT image. From the analysis, strain and stress distributions of teeth and mandible were obtained and compared with experimental data for model validation. RESULTS: As a result of FE analysis, the optimized boundary condition was chosen such that 8 teeth were fixed in all directions and condyloid process was fixed in all directions except for forward and backward directions. Also, fixing a part of mandible in a lateral direction, where medial pterygoid muscle was attached, gave the more proper analytical results. Loading was prescribed in a same direction as masseter muscle. The tendency of strain distributions between the teeth predicted from the proposed model were compared with experimental results and showed good agreements. CONCLUSION: This study proposes cost efficient FE modeling method for predicting stress distributions on teeth and mandible under chewing action. The proposed modeling method is validated with experimental data and can further be used to evaluate structural safety of dental prosthesis.
Dental Prosthesis ; Finite Element Analysis ; Mandible ; Masseter Muscle ; Mastication ; Pterygoid Muscles ; Skull ; Sprains and Strains ; Tooth

Mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction which may lead to heart failure or shock include ruptute of left ventricular free wall, ventricular septum and papillary muscle. The clinical characteristics of these lesions vary conservative management alone has high mortality rate, for which reason surgical repair of these defects are essential. Structural defects including rupture of the left ventricular free wall, ventricular septum, and papillary muscle, accout for 5% to 20% of all deaths from acute myocardial infarction. Among these, ventricular septal defects occur in approximately 1% of all myocardial infarction, and account for up to 2% of deaths subsequent to myocardial infarction. Rupture of the ventricular septum following acute myocardial infarction(AMI) is associated with high mortality rate, as 54% of the patients succumb within two weeks, 87% within two months and 92.5% during the first year. We experienced two cases of postinfarct ventricular septal defects(VSD) which had been repaired within 1 week after AMI due to progressive deterioration of patients` conditions, and were to be reoperated because of repeated septal ruptures in postoperation period and development of cardiogenic shock.
Heart Failure ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction ; Papillary Muscles ; Rupture ; Shock ; Shock, Cardiogenic ; Ventricular Septum

Dental caries is the most common chronic disease in the dental field. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is the most important bacteria in the formation of dental plaque and dental caries. In a previous study, we confirmed that the essential oil of Chrysanthemum boreale has antibacterial activity against S. mutans. Alpha-pinene is one of the major chemical components of Chrysanthemum boreale essential oil. In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of α-pinene on cariogenic properties such as growth, acid production, biofilm formation, and bactericidal activity on S. mutans. Alpha-pinene at a concentration range of 0.25-0.5 mg/mL significantly inhibited the growth of S. mutans and acid production of S. mutans. Biofilm formation was significantly inhibited at < 0.0625 mg/mL α-pinene, similar to the data from scanning electronic microscopy. Under confocal laser scanning microscopy, the bacterial viability was decreased by α-pinene in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggested that α-pinene may be a useful agent for inhibiting the cariogenic properties of S. mutans.
Bacteria ; Biofilms ; Chronic Disease ; Chrysanthemum ; Dental Caries ; Dental Plaque ; Microbial Viability ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Plants* ; Streptococcus mutans

Endocervicosis refers to the presence of benign mucinous glands of endocervical type in ectopic site. It is rare and usually detected incidentally by histologic examination. The urinary bladder is the most common site, but peritoneum, small bowel, abdominal scar, outer wall of the cervix, vagina, and lymph nodes have been documented. Because this is the first documented report of endocervicosis arising in the rectus muscle in korea, we report this with a brief review of the concerned literatures.
Abdominal Wall ; Cervix Uteri ; Cicatrix ; Female ; Korea ; Lymph Nodes ; Mucins ; Muscles ; Peritoneum ; Urinary Bladder ; Vagina