The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with skipping breakfast of Korean children by analyzing the 24-hour recall intake data from the 2001 National Health and Nutrition Survey. The sample of this study consisted of 1,600 children aged 7 to 18 years. About 17% of the children skipped breakfast, consuming no food or beverage at all. About 30% of children reporting breakfast skipping in a self-administered survey were shown to have eaten some foods as a result of analysis of the 24-hour recall data. Students having eaten breakfast consumed 21% of Estimated Energy Requirement at breakfast. The multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that age was associated with skipping breakfast both in elementary and middle/high school students; older students were more likely to skip breakfast. Elementary school students from low-income families were more likely to skip breakfast than those from upper-high income families. Intervention programs are needed to prevent children from skipping breakfast by targeting older students. For elementary school students, such programs should be first developed for those from lowincome families.
Aged ; Beverages ; Breakfast ; Child ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Nutrition Surveys

No abstract available.
Endometriosis* ; Female ; Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Abscess* ; Fistula*

No abstract available.
Rupture* ; Uterus*

Narcotic abuse and addiction have recently emerged as significant global issues. The consumption of dependence-inducing substances has become increasingly prevalent among younger generations in numerous countries, exacerbating the problem. Until 2015, South Korea had been relatively narcotic-free; however, this is no longer true. Consequently, encountering narcotic abusers in clinical settings, including operating rooms, is becoming more common. It is crucial to be prepared for these phenomena.Current Concepts: Research on managing narcotic abusers during the perioperative period remains insufficient. In 2023, the American Society of Regional Anesthesiologists and Pain Medicine published guidelines for the perioperative management of cannabinoid users. The decision to discontinue or continue medical cannabinoids before surgery remains uncertain. When managing patients with short- or long-term exposure to cannabinoids, anesthetic requirements tend to decrease in cases of acute intoxication and increase among long-term users. Therefore, the duration from the last use should be considered when adjusting the anesthetic dose.Discussion and Conclusion: Punishment is not a viable solution in a reality where narcotic abuse is increasingly common. Preventing addiction in individuals and supporting addicts’ treatment and rehabilitation is essential. There is an urgent need for interest and research focused on narcotic abuse.

Purpose: To report a case of corneal ulcer caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia monomicrobial infection in an otherwise healthy patient, devoid of underlying medical conditions or predisposing factors.Case summary: A 48-year-old male patient, who was normally healthy without a history of systemic disease, eye trauma, and eye surgery, presented with acute left eye pain that had manifested one day prior. Ophthalmic examination revealed conjunctival injection, corneal edema, and localized corneal ulceration in the left eye. Suspecting infectious keratitis, diagnostic procedures including gram staining, bacterial and fungal cultures, and antibiotic susceptibility testing were promptly instituted. Bacterial culture identified S. maltophilia, prompting an eight-week course of topical gatifloxacin therapy. The subsequent clinical course exhibited improvement, with lingering corneal haziness and the restoration of visual acuity to 1.0. Conclusion The case featuring the single detection of S. maltophilia, known to cause hospital-acquired opportunistic infections, emphasizes the importance of culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing in the treatment of keratitis. Remarkably, in a patient with a normal immune status and in the absence of factors predisposing to S. maltophilia infections, there were no discernible causative factors damaging the ocular surface environment.

Purpose: To report a case of corneal ulcer caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia monomicrobial infection in an otherwise healthy patient, devoid of underlying medical conditions or predisposing factors.Case summary: A 48-year-old male patient, who was normally healthy without a history of systemic disease, eye trauma, and eye surgery, presented with acute left eye pain that had manifested one day prior. Ophthalmic examination revealed conjunctival injection, corneal edema, and localized corneal ulceration in the left eye. Suspecting infectious keratitis, diagnostic procedures including gram staining, bacterial and fungal cultures, and antibiotic susceptibility testing were promptly instituted. Bacterial culture identified S. maltophilia, prompting an eight-week course of topical gatifloxacin therapy. The subsequent clinical course exhibited improvement, with lingering corneal haziness and the restoration of visual acuity to 1.0. Conclusion The case featuring the single detection of S. maltophilia, known to cause hospital-acquired opportunistic infections, emphasizes the importance of culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing in the treatment of keratitis. Remarkably, in a patient with a normal immune status and in the absence of factors predisposing to S. maltophilia infections, there were no discernible causative factors damaging the ocular surface environment.

Purpose: To report a case of corneal ulcer caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia monomicrobial infection in an otherwise healthy patient, devoid of underlying medical conditions or predisposing factors.Case summary: A 48-year-old male patient, who was normally healthy without a history of systemic disease, eye trauma, and eye surgery, presented with acute left eye pain that had manifested one day prior. Ophthalmic examination revealed conjunctival injection, corneal edema, and localized corneal ulceration in the left eye. Suspecting infectious keratitis, diagnostic procedures including gram staining, bacterial and fungal cultures, and antibiotic susceptibility testing were promptly instituted. Bacterial culture identified S. maltophilia, prompting an eight-week course of topical gatifloxacin therapy. The subsequent clinical course exhibited improvement, with lingering corneal haziness and the restoration of visual acuity to 1.0. Conclusion The case featuring the single detection of S. maltophilia, known to cause hospital-acquired opportunistic infections, emphasizes the importance of culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing in the treatment of keratitis. Remarkably, in a patient with a normal immune status and in the absence of factors predisposing to S. maltophilia infections, there were no discernible causative factors damaging the ocular surface environment.

Purpose: To report a case of corneal ulcer caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia monomicrobial infection in an otherwise healthy patient, devoid of underlying medical conditions or predisposing factors.Case summary: A 48-year-old male patient, who was normally healthy without a history of systemic disease, eye trauma, and eye surgery, presented with acute left eye pain that had manifested one day prior. Ophthalmic examination revealed conjunctival injection, corneal edema, and localized corneal ulceration in the left eye. Suspecting infectious keratitis, diagnostic procedures including gram staining, bacterial and fungal cultures, and antibiotic susceptibility testing were promptly instituted. Bacterial culture identified S. maltophilia, prompting an eight-week course of topical gatifloxacin therapy. The subsequent clinical course exhibited improvement, with lingering corneal haziness and the restoration of visual acuity to 1.0. Conclusion The case featuring the single detection of S. maltophilia, known to cause hospital-acquired opportunistic infections, emphasizes the importance of culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing in the treatment of keratitis. Remarkably, in a patient with a normal immune status and in the absence of factors predisposing to S. maltophilia infections, there were no discernible causative factors damaging the ocular surface environment.

PURPOSE: The size of the burden placed on all concerned, the chronicity of the disorder, and the importance of patient compliance in optimal management make asthma an excellent target for the development of patient education programs. Despite the usefulness and the need of the asthma education programs, there is no asthma education programs developed in Korea. In order to develop the education programs for childhood asthma, we offer a model for educating parents, as the first step. METHODS: Most1y, adult education programs consist of 3 components-planning, implication, evaluation. At first, we are going to p1an the asthma education programs for parents of the patients. 2O Volunteers in mothers will be gathered in one c1ass. The curiculum is made of four 1-hour sessions. During the each session, mothers wi1l be taught about the asthma, discuss the shared experiences and practice the skins. RESULTS: This model consists of 4 sessions such as the definition of asthma, the treatment-medicines and correct use of inhalation devices, prevention and the management of acute episodes. CONCLUSIONS: Use of this education model wi1l achieve better control of childhood asthma by leading the parents and patients to participate actively in their asthma treatment. The effects of this program will be assessed by a formal objective evaluation using a pretest, posttest experimental research design.
Adult ; Asthma* ; Education* ; Humans ; Korea ; Mothers ; Nebulizers and Vaporizers ; Parents ; Patient Compliance ; Patient Education as Topic ; Research Design ; Skin ; Volunteers