BACKGROUND: Cubitus varus and cubitus valgus deformities are common complications of distal humeral fractures in children. We evaluated the usefulness of supracondylar dome osteotomy as a treatment option for adults with cubitus varus or valgus deformity developed during childhood. METHODS: Ten patients who had received supracondylar dome osteotomy and stabilization with plates to treat cubitus varus or valgus deformity between July 2006 and August 2013 were included in this study. Their mean age at the time of surgery was 36.50 ± 10.22 years. The mean follow-up duration was 54.80 ± 32.50 months. We evaluated humerus-elbow-wrist angles (HEWA), improvements in the lateral prominence index (LPI) or medial prominence index (MPI), Mayo elbow performance scores (MEPS), and overall results in accordance with the Banerjee criteria. RESULTS: For the six patients with cubitus varus, the mean postoperative HEWA, mean correction angle, and mean improvement in LPI were 9.72°± 3.95°, 27.67°± 10.75°, and 6.92% ± 3.40%, respectively. For the four patients with cubitus valgus, the mean postoperative HEWA, mean correction angle, and mean improvement in MPI were 14.73°± 2.97°, 11.55°± 3.26°, and 11.33% ± 6.39%, respectively. There was no significant difference between postoperative and preoperative mean MEPS. The subjective ulnar nerve symptoms were alleviated in all patients. The overall results were excellent in six and good in four patients. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that supracondylar dome osteotomy with secure fixation using double plates may be useful in correcting cubitus varus or cubitus valgus deformity, yielding good functional outcomes in adults.
Adult* ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Elbow ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; Osteotomy* ; Ulnar Nerve

No abstract available.
Diatomaceous Earth* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Pneumoconiosis*

PURPOSE: This descriptive study aimed to explore the effects of bullying, health promotion lifestyles, and physical symptoms on the occupational stress of new nurses in general hospitals. METHODS: The participants of this study were 157 new nurses in fivegeneral hospitals with 100 to 399 beds in Gyeonggi-do. Data were collected from January to February, 2018, using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the SPSS software version 20. RESULTS: A total of 60.5% of the participants experienced bullying, and 38.2% experienced bullying more than 10 times a month. The perceived severity of bullying was severe (32.4%) and the nurses'first bullying experience began within the first six months (47.7%). Their occupational stress was scored 3.1. The regression model for occupational stressors was significant (F=23.86, p < .001), and the total explanatory power was 46.8%. The variables affecting occupational stress were bullying awareness (β=−.30, p < .001), preceptor satisfaction (β=−.30, p < .001), and health promotion lifestyles (β=−.26, p=.001). CONCLUSION: It is important to reduce the incidence of bullying in order to help new nurses with high occupational stress. Stress management programs are needed to improve relationships between new nurses and preceptors and to encourage their health promotion lifestyles.
Bullying ; Gyeonggi-do ; Health Promotion ; Hospitals, General ; Incidence ; Life Style

PURPOSE: This descriptive study aimed to explore the effects of bullying, health promotion lifestyles, and physical symptoms on the occupational stress of new nurses in general hospitals. METHODS: The participants of this study were 157 new nurses in fivegeneral hospitals with 100 to 399 beds in Gyeonggi-do. Data were collected from January to February, 2018, using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the SPSS software version 20. RESULTS: A total of 60.5% of the participants experienced bullying, and 38.2% experienced bullying more than 10 times a month. The perceived severity of bullying was severe (32.4%) and the nurses'first bullying experience began within the first six months (47.7%). Their occupational stress was scored 3.1. The regression model for occupational stressors was significant (F=23.86, p < .001), and the total explanatory power was 46.8%. The variables affecting occupational stress were bullying awareness (β=−.30, p < .001), preceptor satisfaction (β=−.30, p < .001), and health promotion lifestyles (β=−.26, p=.001). CONCLUSION It is important to reduce the incidence of bullying in order to help new nurses with high occupational stress. Stress management programs are needed to improve relationships between new nurses and preceptors and to encourage their health promotion lifestyles.

We experienced a case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presented only as right side pleural effusion, that is primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), in a 75 year-old male patient in Korea where is the endemic area of tuberculosis. He visited our hospital complaining of exertional dyspnea. He did not have B symptoms. The breathing sound was decreased on the right side chest, but we could not find external lymphadenopathy or hepatosplenomegaly on physical examination. Simple chest radiograph showed right side pleural effusion. The cells of pleural fluid were lymphocyte-predominant and the pH, protein, lactate dehydrogenase, adenosine deaminase of the fluid was 7.31, 38 g/L, 381 U/L, 31 U/L, respectively. The biopsy specimen of the parietal pleura was diagnosed as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of small lymphocytic type. Computed tomograph of the chest, abdomen and pelvis, and the biopsy of bone marrow were negative for disease. We tried up to 3 cycles of chemotherapy with adriamycin, vincristine, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone and there was a marked decrease in the amount of the pleural effusion.
Abdomen ; Adenosine Deaminase ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Cyclophosphamide ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Therapy ; Dyspnea ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Korea ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin* ; Lymphoma, Primary Effusion ; Male ; Pelvis ; Physical Examination ; Pleura ; Pleural Effusion* ; Prednisolone ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Respiratory Sounds ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis ; Vincristine

Ovarian remnant syndrome is a rare condition which develops when functional ovarian tissue is left in situ after intended bilateral oophorectomy. It produces clinically significant syndrome, namely chronic pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea. Although the true incidence of this syndrome is unknown, an apprant increase in incidence has been reported. We have experienced a case of ovarian remnant syndrome showing chronic pelvic pain and palpable abdominal mass after difficult gynecologic operation. So, we report this case with a brief review of literatures.
Dysmenorrhea ; Female ; Incidence ; Ovariectomy ; Pelvic Pain

Actinomycosis is a chronic suppurative and granulomatous disease caused by Actinomyces species and characterized by sulfur granule formation. Depending on the site of primary infection, it is generally classified as cervicofacial, thoracic and abdominal type. Abdominal actinomycosis is often difficult to diagnose before operation because of low frequency and no characteristic clinical features of the disease. As it progresses chronically, it can be misdiagnosed such as cancer, inflammatory bowel disease or other abscess. The diagnosis is usually based on histologic demonstration of sulfur granules in pus or surgically resected specimen. In vast majority of cases, treatment has consisted of long-term antibiotic therapy coupled with surgical resection. We experienced a case of colonic actinomycosis initially diagnosed as Dieulafoy's ulcer and confirmed by colonoscopic biopsy. Treatment with intravenous penicillin for 4 weeks was successful independently, and we report this case with a brief review of literatures.
Abscess ; Actinomyces ; Actinomycosis* ; Biopsy ; Colon ; Colonoscopy ; Diagnosis ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Penicillins ; Sulfur ; Suppuration ; Ulcer*

We investigated a topographical distribution of managanese, and immunohistochemical density of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and histopathologic findings in globus pallidus and substantia nigra according to manganese dose and time course in the brain of rats which received MnCl2 intravenously. Topographical distribution of manganese was also investigated after injection of FeCl2. The manganese concentrations of brain in control and experimental group were highest in pituitary gland and thalamus, and lowest in the cerebral cortex. The manganese concentration of blood was increased proportionally to the dose administered, and the biological half-life of blood manganese was between 21 and 42 days. The manganese concentrations of brain were increased proportionally to the dose, and increase rate was highest in olfactory bulb, and the biological half-lives of brain manganese ranged from 42 days to 90 or more days; the longest were observed in pituitary gland, medulla oblongata and cerebral cortex. In case of administration of FeCl2, the manganese concentrations of brain were higher than that of control group in dose of 2.5 mg/kg, and decreased proportionally to the administered dose, resulting in lower level compared with control group in high dose of FeCl2 administered. Significantly decreased number of nerve cell and increased gliosis in globus pallidus were observed in experimental group, which were closely correlated with the duration after manganese injection, but no significant change of number of nerve cell expressing TH and gliosis were observed in substantia nigra. Density of immunohistochemical reaction for TH in globus pallidus made little difference between control and experimental group. These results suggest that pathology of manganese intoxication is caused by the loss of nerve cells in globus pallidus, and closely correlated with the duration after manganese exposure.
Animals ; Brain* ; Cerebral Cortex ; Gliosis ; Globus Pallidus ; Half-Life ; Manganese* ; Medulla Oblongata ; Neurons ; Olfactory Bulb ; Pathology ; Pituitary Gland ; Rats* ; Substantia Nigra ; Thalamus ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase

BACKGROUND: In addition to the analgesic selection and method of administration, how medical and nursing staff perceives postoperative pain and opioid analgesia is important for the effective pain control. Therefore, we have studied about these perceptions of our medical and nursing staff. METHODS: Eighty five surgeons and seventy eight registered nurses working in the surgical wards within this hospital were surveyed by means of questionnaires to identify the attitudes to postoperative pain and knowledge about opioid analgesia. RESULTS: Seventy-nine percent of doctors and 61% of nurses attempted to relieve pain as much as possible. However, 47% of the nurses felt that analgesia was under-prescribed. The reasons given to administer analgesics inadequately by the doctors and nurses were side effects such as emesis, respiratory depression, and the fear of drug addiction. Regarding respiratory depression, 47% of doctors and 60% of nurses felt it occurred after i.m. injection of opioids postoperatively. Concerning the possibility of addiction after the patients were given 50~100 mg demerol i.m. every four hours for one week after major surgery; 37% of doctors and 83% of nurses thought that drug addiction may develop. CONCLUSIONS: Our medical and nursing staff personnel were afraid of respiratory depression as well as a fear of addiction when they administered opioids. This situation is likely to be a significant factor in under-prescribing. It may be necessary for them to have a special education program about pain relief and opioid analgesia after surgery.
Analgesia ; Analgesics ; Analgesics, Opioid* ; Education, Special ; Humans ; Meperidine ; Nursing Staff* ; Nursing* ; Pain, Postoperative* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: Airway pathology in children with atopic asthma can be reflected by the concave shape of the maximal expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curve and high fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) values. We evaluated the capacity of the curvilinearity of the MEFV curve, FeNO, and their combination to distinguish subjects with atopic asthma from healthy individuals. METHODS: FeNO and angle β, which characterizes the general configuration of the MEFV curve, were determined in 119 steroid-naïve individuals with atopic asthma aged 8 to 16 years, and in 92 age-matched healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to determine the cutoff points of FeNO and angle β that provided the best combination of sensitivity and specificity for asthma detection. RESULTS: Asthmatic patients had a significantly smaller angle β and higher FeNO compared with healthy controls (both, P<0.001). For asthma detection, the best cutoff values of angle β and FeNO were observed at 189.3° and 22 parts per billion, respectively. The area under the ROC curve for the combination of angle β and FeNO improved to 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87–0.95) from 0.80 (95% CI, 0.75–0.86; P<0.001) for angle β alone and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.82–0.91; P=0.002) for FeNO alone. In addition, the combination enhanced sensitivity with no significant decrease in specificity. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the combined use of the curvilinearity of the MEFV curve and FeNO is a useful tool to differentiate between children with and without atopic asthma.
Asthma* ; Child* ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide* ; Pathology ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity