PURPOSE: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing bacteria-induced urinary tract infections are increasing and require more potent antibiotics such as carbapenems. We evaluated the clinical significance of extended-spectrum β-lactamase urinary tract infection in children younger than 5 years to select proper antibiotics and determine prognostic factors. Differences were compared between age groups. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 288 patients with their first febrile urinary tract infection when they were younger than 5 years. Patients were divided into extended-spectrum β-lactamase-positive and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-negative urinary tract infection groups. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between the groups; an infant group was separately analyzed (onset age younger than 3 months). RESULTS: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase urinary tract infection occurred in 11% patients who had more frequent previous hospitalization (P=0.02) and higher recurrence rate (P=0.045). During the antimicrobial susceptibility test, the extendedspectrum β-lactamase-positive urinary tract infection group showed resistance to third-generation cephalosporins; however, 98% patients responded clinically. In the infant group, extended-spectrum β-lactamase-positive urinary tract infection occurred in 13% patients and was associated with a longer pre-onset hospitalization history (P=0.002), higher C-reactive protein level (P=0.04), and higher recurrence rate (P=0.02) than that in the older group. CONCLUSION: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase urinary tract infection requires more attention because of its higher recurrence rate. The antimicrobial susceptibility test demonstrated resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, but they can be used as first-line empirical antibiotics because of their high clinical response rate. Aminoglycosides can be second-line antibiotics before starting carbapenems when third-generation cephalosporins do not show bactericidal effects for extended-spectrum β-lactamase urinary tract infection.
Aminoglycosides ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria* ; C-Reactive Protein ; Carbapenems ; Cephalosporins ; Child ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infant ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

PURPOSE: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing bacteria-induced urinary tract infections are increasing and require more potent antibiotics such as carbapenems. We evaluated the clinical significance of extended-spectrum β-lactamase urinary tract infection in children younger than 5 years to select proper antibiotics and determine prognostic factors. Differences were compared between age groups. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 288 patients with their first febrile urinary tract infection when they were younger than 5 years. Patients were divided into extended-spectrum β-lactamase-positive and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-negative urinary tract infection groups. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between the groups; an infant group was separately analyzed (onset age younger than 3 months). RESULTS: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase urinary tract infection occurred in 11% patients who had more frequent previous hospitalization (P=0.02) and higher recurrence rate (P=0.045). During the antimicrobial susceptibility test, the extendedspectrum β-lactamase-positive urinary tract infection group showed resistance to third-generation cephalosporins; however, 98% patients responded clinically. In the infant group, extended-spectrum β-lactamase-positive urinary tract infection occurred in 13% patients and was associated with a longer pre-onset hospitalization history (P=0.002), higher C-reactive protein level (P=0.04), and higher recurrence rate (P=0.02) than that in the older group. CONCLUSION: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase urinary tract infection requires more attention because of its higher recurrence rate. The antimicrobial susceptibility test demonstrated resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, but they can be used as first-line empirical antibiotics because of their high clinical response rate. Aminoglycosides can be second-line antibiotics before starting carbapenems when third-generation cephalosporins do not show bactericidal effects for extended-spectrum β-lactamase urinary tract infection.
Aminoglycosides ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria* ; C-Reactive Protein ; Carbapenems ; Cephalosporins ; Child ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infant ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

We report a case of xanthoma disseminatum in a 24 year old male paitient. Multiple yellow-brown papules developed on the flexor aurfaces, such as the neck, axillae, antecubital fossae, groin, and perianal regions. Some papules were detected arouns the eyes and uvulai. biopsy specimen revealed a dense infiltrate of histiocytes, foam cells, Touton giant cells, and other inflammatory cells. No Langerhans granules were seen in the electron microscopic analysis.
Axilla ; Biopsy ; Foam Cells ; Giant Cells ; Groin ; Histiocytes ; Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell* ; Humans ; Male ; Neck ; Xanthomatosis* ; Young Adult

We report a case of a skin problem induced by a visual display t rminal in a 24-year-old female. The patient had erythematcn.is rashes, crusts on both zygomatic areas and upper eyelids with itching, burning and pain sensations after she had been exposed to her visual display terminal. After the cassation of exposure, her skin lesions were markedly improved. A proioction test with her own visual display terminal was positive.
Burns ; Exanthema ; Eyelids ; Female ; Humans ; Pruritus ; Sensation ; Skin* ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: This study was to investigate factors influencing the Framingham risk score-Coronary heart disease (FRS-CHD) according to gender and body mass index (BMI) of adults who participated in the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-3). METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional design with secondary analysis with KNHANES V-3. The FRS-CHD scores were measured with ages, sex, blood pressure, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, smoking, and diabetes mellitus. With demographic characteristics, family history of ischemic heart disease, types (intensity) and days of physical activities, perceived stress, drinking, menopause (in female), and BMI scores were measured. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regressions. RESULTS: FRS-CHD was significantly associated with types (intensity) and days of physical activities, educational level, occupation, and marital status, explaining 19.1~76.8% of the variance in men. FRS-CHD was significantly associated with types (intensity) and days of physical activities, menopause, and education level, explaining 55.0~59.5% of the variance in women. CONCLUSION: Factors influencing FRS-CHD were significantly different according to gender and BMI. To reduce the risk of coronary artery disease, it is necessary to develop gender-specific physical activity programs according to BMI.
Adult ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Cholesterol ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Disease ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Drinking ; Education ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Heart Diseases* ; Humans ; Korea ; Lipoproteins ; Male ; Marital Status ; Menopause ; Motor Activity ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Nutrition Surveys ; Occupations ; Smoke ; Smoking

To evaluate surgically induced astigmatism in cataract surgery, we studied retrospectively a series of 30 eyes with 6.5mm sutureless frown incision(Group 1) and 30 eyes with linear scleral tunnel incision and 3 interrupt sutures using 100 nylon(Group 2). In all cases phacoemulsifications were performed and posterior chamber lenses were implanted. Group 1 showed the against-the-rule astigmatism at postoperative 2 week, and then the change of the astigmatism was minimal and still against-the-rule by postoperative 6 week and 3 month. In contrast, Group 2 showed with-therule astigmatism at postoperative 2 week and then showed the against-the-rule by postoperative 6 week and 3 month. There was no significant difference in the proportion of corrected visual acuity of 0.5 or better between two groups at postoperative 3 month, while uncorrected visual acuity of 0.5 or better was 93.3% in group 2, and 30.0% in group 1 at postoperative 3 month. In this study, it was found that the pattern of surgically induced astigmatism and uncorrected visual outcome in cataract surgery were different according to incision and suture techniques.
Astigmatism ; Cataract ; Nylons* ; Phacoemulsification ; Retrospective Studies ; Suture Techniques ; Sutures* ; Visual Acuity

Infantile digital fibromatoais is a rare benign tumor on fingers and toes of infants and childhood characterized by fibroblaatic proliferation. A 6 months old male infant had a bean sized, flesh nodule on th left 3rd finger. The lesion was noted at 3 days after birth and surgically removed at 7 months old, However, a new lesion developed at the margin of the ald lesion 2 months later. The second patient was a 21 months old female who had two bean sized, flesh nodules on the right 4th snd 5th fingers. The lesion was first noted at 12 months and regressed spontaneously at 30 months without specific interventiona. Histopathological examination of the two cases showed eosinophiric ntracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, charateristic for infantile digital fibromatosis.
Female ; Fibroma* ; Fingers ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies ; Infant ; Male ; Parturition ; Recurrence ; Toes

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the trends and the effects of intervention related to ADHD children by meta-analysis. METHODS: After review of 200 articles released from 1990 to 2009 from RISS, KISS, and DBpia, 26 studies was conducted to determine methodological data, 362 research variables, using SPSS/WIN 17.0 program. RESULTS: Effects size of overall intervention is 1.32 which is high level in terms of Cohen criteria. The greatest effect of intervention is obtained from cognitive behavior control training (1.79). Also art therapy (1.29) and social skill training (0.97) are highly effective whereas parents education (0.66) is only moderate effective. Duration of each session and numbers of session are influential in cognitive behavior control and social skills training. CONCLUSION: The results reveal that ADHD intervention has large effect sizes for core features and peripheral features of target outcome variables. For improving the reliability of the meta-analysis results by minimizing publication bias, more intervention studies using appropriated study design should be done.
Art Therapy ; Behavior Control ; Child* ; Education ; Humans ; Clinical Trial ; Parents ; Publication Bias

We report a case of periumbilical pseudoxanthoma elasticum in a 73-year-old female. It is characterized by a dark-yellowish plaque present on the periumbilical area of the lower abdomen. The plaque is well-demarcated and its surface is grooved or fissured, atrophic and verrucoid. This localized lesion of the periumbilical area occurs in a multiparous woman with no history of hereditary systemic pseudoxanthoma elasticum.
Abdomen ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum*

The chest radiographs and angiograms were retrospectively evaluated in 47 patients with pulmonary atresia (PA) and ventricular septal defect (VSD) to determine the characteristic findings of major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCSs) on the chest radiographs. Of 47 patients, 23 had MAPCAs and 24 had only PDA for blood supply of whole right and left lung. Chest radiographs enabled identification of 16 of 23 patients with MAPCAs. The most common finding of MAPCAs was inappropriately large peripheral pulmonary vasculature (n=16, 69.6%). The other findings were tortuosity of pulmonary vasculature (n=12, 52.2%), focal unevendistribution of pulmonary vasculature (n=12, 52.2%), and two descending pulmonary arteries (n=4, 17.4%). When chest radiographs showed two or more findings of MAPCAs, MAPCAs could be differentiated from PDA with statistical significance (p<0.005). It is concluded that chest radiographs may help to identify MAPCAs before angiography if two-dimensional echo ardiography suggests PA with VSD.
Angiography ; Arteries* ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular* ; Humans ; Lung ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Atresia* ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Retrospective Studies ; Thorax*