BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between psychosocial stress, alcohol expectancy, drinking refusal self-efficacy, and drinking behaviors with problematic sexual behaviors in college students. METHODS: Participants were college students (129 males, 67 females) with a mean age of 22.6 years old. Data analysis was done with SPSS 13.0 for descriptive statistics and LISREL 8.53 program for path analysis. RESULTS: The path model showed a good fit to the empirical data (chi2=10.14, P=0.71, GFI=0.98, AGFI=0.94, CFI=0.96, RMSEA=0.07). Our analysis showed that psychosocial stress, drinking refusal self-efficacy, and alcohol expectancy had a significant direct effect on drinking behaviors and that drinking behaviors had a significant direct effect on problematic sexual behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that alcohol prevention or education programs should emphasize stress management and refusal skills training to prevent college students from drinking behaviors and problematic sexual behaviors at the highest risk for various stressors and heavy drinking.
Alcohols ; Disulfiram ; Drinking ; Drinking Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Sexual Behavior ; Statistics as Topic

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Interleukins* ; Sepsis* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*

No abstract available.
Hepatitis B Vaccines* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effect of preeclampsia, birth weight, fetal sex, maternal body mass index(BMI) on cord blood leptin concentrations. This study is to test whether leptin would be increased in preeclampsia and to test cord leptin concentrations for correlation with maternal leptin concentrations. METHOD: Maternal blood samples were obtained from 56 normal pregnancies and 24 preeclampsia women prior to delivery. Umbilical cord blood were obtained from the all cases studied immediately after delivery. The total leptin levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Mean maternal leptin level was 16.4+/-6.4ng/ml in normal pregnancy and was 19.4+/-7.9 ng/ml in preeclampsia. Mean cord leptin level was 5.4+/- 3.4ng/ml in normal pregnancy and 4.6+/-3.2ng/ml in preecalmpsia. Mean cord blood leptin level in female fetus was 6.6+/-3.7ng/ml and 4.8+/-2.8ng/ml in male fetus. CONCLUSION: This study shows that there are correlation with leptin level and fetal birth weight, body mass index, and fetal gender. Furthermore, physiologic role and mechanism of leptin of maternal serum and umbilical cord would be studied.
Birth Weight ; Body Mass Index ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; Fetus ; Humans ; Leptin* ; Male ; Plasma* ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy* ; Radioimmunoassay ; Umbilical Cord*

No abstract available.
Cafe-au-Lait Spots ; Nevus*

No abstract available.
Methylmethacrylate*

This study examined the types of touch received by elderly patients from nurses, and explored the elderly patient' and nurses' perceptions of touch occurring during nursing activities. Non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews were the methods employed for data collection. The study subjects were composed of 24 nurses of the three medical wards, and their 83 elderly patients who were hospitalized at S Hospital in Seoul from February 15th to March 15th in 1996. The Observation Schedule, the Perception of Touch Instrument, and the Patient classification were study instruments. The most common types of touch occurring during the nurse-elderly patient interactions were : task touch(82.9%), caring touch(4.9%), and concurrent type of touch (12.2%). The mean score of the elderly patients' perception of touch was higher at 30.45(range 5-35)compared to the mean score of the nurses' perception of touch which was 23.01(range 5-35). Elderly patients received the nurses' touch much more positively than the nurses. But the two scores were not significantly correlated(r=.06, 29). The elderly patient's touch perception score was higher(p<.05) in the group that was touched upon approach than the group was touched later. Elderly patients preferred caring touch to task touch, but it was not significant. Nurses' touch perception scores were higher(p<.05) for female than male. Elderly patients felt most comfortable when the nurses administered the touch on their painful site.
Aged ; Appointments and Schedules ; Classification ; Data Collection ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nursing ; Seoul ; Touch Perception

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of upper extremity exercise training on the motor activity, the ADL and the health related quality of life. METHOD: A non-equivalent pretest-posttest design was used. Study subjects were conveniently selected 40 hemiplegic patients(20 experimental subjects, 20 control subjects) who had been enrolled in two community health centers. After biofeedback training the subjects of experimental group were given constraint-induced movement, involving restraint of unaffected U/E in a sling for about 6 hours over a period of two weeks, while at the same time intensively training the affected U/E. Outcomes were evaluated on the basis of motor activity(amount, quality) of plegic side, DL(ADL, IADL) and health related QOL(SF-36). RESULTS: 1. After 2 weeks of treatment, the amount of use and the quality of motor activity of affected U/E were significantly higher in subjects who participated in exercise training than in subjects in the control group. 2. There were no significant differences in ADL and IADL between experimental and control groups. 3. After 2 weeks of treatment. the health related QOL was significantly higher in subjects who participated in exercise training than in subjects in the control group. CONCLUSION: The above results state that the U/E exercise training could be an effective intervention for improving the motor activity and the health related QOL of chronic hemiplegic patients. Long-term studies are needed to determine the lasting effects of constraint-induced movement.
Activities of Daily Living* ; Biofeedback, Psychology ; Community Health Centers ; Humans ; Motor Activity* ; Quality of Life ; Upper Extremity*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to examine the changes of surgical patients' body temperature in applying warming to patients. The study of an effective nursing intervention, which aims to prevent hypothermia during surgical operations, use of anesthesia, and to remove dermal discomforts. The nonequivalent control group pre-test/post-test design was used for this quasi-experimental study. METHOD: The study subjects were adult patients who would take a surgical operation under general anesthesia in C Hospital; the surgical operations done were, total abdominal hysterectomy or Myomectomy; 20 patients were included in experimental group I, 20 patients were included in experimental group II, and 20 patients were in the comparative group. The total number of study subjects was 60. The data was collected from September the 1st, 2001 to October the 20th, 2001. The data was analyzed by SPSS program, F-test and Repeated measures of ANOVA. Multi-comparison method of DUNCAN was used for the sections that show the significant differences at the level of p<.05, which was a posterior examination. RESULT: 1) "The body temperatures of the three groups of patients will be respectively different at the end of the operations; experimental group I to which warming was applied before the operations, experimental group II to which warming was applied during the operations, and the comparative group with no warming being given," showed (F=12.609, p=.000). 2) "Degrees of shivering symptoms for the three groups will be respectively different at the end of the operations; experimental group I which applied warming before operations, experimental group II which applied warming during operations and the comparative group with no warming." Showed assumed (F=6.626, p=.000). CONCLUSION: Summing up the above study, the warming assumed during operations was a more effective nursing intervention for preventing patients' hypothermia than the warming assumed before operations.
Adult ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Body Temperature* ; Humans ; Hypothermia ; Hysterectomy ; Nursing ; Shivering*

No abstract available.