OBJECTIVE: This study is designed to help pregnancy and delivery of mid-teenager mothers by analyzing the clinical features of pregnancy and delivery of mid-teenager mothers ranging from 13 to 16 years old. METHODS: This study includes 77 mothers aged 16 years and younger among the 3,863 mothers who delivered in our hospital from January 1998 to December 2005. We selected 100 mothers who aged between 17 and 19 years, 100 mothers who aged between 20 and 29 years as control groups respectively during the same period and statistical analysis is applied to compare the results. RESULTS: In this study, mid-teenagers constitutes 1.99% of all pregnant women. The number of antenatal care, the number of women experienced abortion, and age of menarche were significantly low in the mid-teenager mothers. Especially, the risks of anemia and meconium staining were significantly higher and the rate of cesarean section was significantly lower than those of the mothers in twenties. The risks of prematurity, low birth weight infant, preterm labor, and birth canal injury were higher than those of control groups, but there were no significant differences in three groups. CONCLUSION: Mid-teenager mothers were known to be high risk mothers in obstetrics due to immaturity in physics and low socioeconomic status. However, the risks can be decreased by adequate prenatal care, sufficient nourishment and maintenance of good habits based on medical and socioeconomic supports.
Adolescent ; Anemia ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Meconium ; Menarche ; Mothers* ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; Obstetrics ; Parturition ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnant Women ; Prenatal Care ; Social Class ; Statistics as Topic*

Pheochromocytoma during pregnancy is very rare tumor, and this condition is life threatening to both mother and fetus. We describe a case of pheochromocytoma antenatally diagnosed at the midtrimester in gestation. A patient was transferred to National Medical Center during gestational week 24 with severe hypertension, generalized edema. Pheochromocytoma caused by a left adrenal mass was diagnosed. The patient was treated with titrated dose of phenoxybenzamine, propranolol, and intravenous nicardipine, but, intermittent severe hypertension was developed. At 33 weeks gestation, fetal distress was developed, and emergent c-sec was done. Two weeks after delivery, she underwent a successful left adrenalectomy. Two months after surgery, all antihypertensive medications were discontinued and her blood pressure have remained normal range.
Adrenalectomy ; Blood Pressure ; Edema ; Female ; Fetal Distress ; Fetus ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Mothers ; Nicardipine ; Phenoxybenzamine ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy* ; Propranolol ; Reference Values

BACKGROUND: We examined the relationship between vitamin D status and health-related quality of life, and explored other related factors in the general Korean population. METHODS: We used data from the 2007-2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey on 14,104 adults, aged 20-49 years, who had consented to serum vitamin D measurement and answered health-related quality of life questions. EuroQol-5 was used for measurement. Serum vitamin D levels were measured at intervals of 0-9.99, 10-19.99, 20-29.99, and ≥30 ng/mL. RESULTS: Participants with higher serum vitamin D (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D) levels were significantly less likely to report problems with depression and anxiety. After adjustment for age, gender, income level, education level, marital status, alcohol consumption, smoking status, and the existence of depressive disorders, the odds ratio for reporting a problem with depression and anxiety was 0.60 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39-0.91). The odds ratio for the prevalence of any problem was 0.69 (95% CI, 0.53-0.89) before adjustment, but was not statistically significant after adjustment. No significant associations were observed for problems with mobility, self-care, usual activity, or pain and discomfort. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to examine the associations between vitamin D and health-related quality of life for the general Korean population. Vitamin D status was not significantly associated with the dimensions of EuroQol-5 except for depression and anxiety problems.
Adult* ; Alcohol Drinking ; Anxiety ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder ; Education ; Humans ; Korea ; Marital Status ; Nutrition Surveys ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Quality of Life* ; Self Care ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Vitamin D* ; Vitamins*

No abstract available.
Nitrous Oxide* ; Subacute Combined Degeneration*

No abstract available.
Antibodies ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the pro-con of re-implementation by administrative areas and the difference in perception of community water fluoridation in implemented and non-implemented areas after the community water fluoridation in Korea was suspended. Through this, we intend to provide basic data that can help find ways to increase the support and interest of local residents. Methods: The 601 questionnaires collected through the survey and statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS Statistics 28.0. Results: As a result of analyzing the perception of the community water fluoridation according to the understanding of fluorine, the proportion of people who were not recognized by both fluorine and community water fluoridation was the highest (p＜0.05). As a result of the analysis of the pro-con of re-implementation of community water fluoridation, the approval was high. Among those who responded in favor, the place of re-implementation showed that ‘implementation nationwide’ was high. As for the reason for favor, it was found that it was possible to prevent dental caries disease. The reason for the objection was the lack of knowledge about fluoride. Conclusion The results of the survey for the pro-con of the re-implementation of community water fluoridation showed a higher degree of ‘agree’ and showed that people in the area where community water fluoridation was not implemented showed higher interest in oral health prevention and management. Through this, not only oral education, but also correct information on the implementation method of community water fluoridation, the benefits of community water fluoridation, and the facts that were misunderstood in the past, as well as oral education, can be provided to raise interest in community water fluoridation. It is thought that the expected effect of the re-implementation of community water fluoridation can be obtained if such activities are carried out.

Ultrasonography (US) is a primary imaging modality for diagnosing nodular thyroid disease and has an essential role in identifying the most appropriate management strategy for patients with nodular thyroid disease. Standardized imaging techniques and reporting formats for thyroid US are necessary. For this purpose, the Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology (KSThR) organized a task force in June 2021 and developed recommendations for standardized imaging technique and reporting format, based on the 2021 KSThR consensus statement and recommendations for US-based diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules. The goal was to achieve an expert consensus applicable to clinical practice.

Granulosa cell tumor is a rare ovarian neoplasm. It's indolent growth leads to large tumor at time of diagnosis. It is characterized by variable and long interval to recurrence in pelvic and peritoneal cavities, but solitary retroperitoneal recurrence is very rare. At laparotomy, a 52-years-old woman was found to have an oval shaped cystic tumor near left renal hilar region. Ten years ago, she had total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy due to left ovarian granulosa cell tumor. Histological features of the retroperitoneal tumor were granulosa cell tumor. We report a rare case of solitary retroperitoneal recurrence of granulosa cell tumor with a review of relevant literatures.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Granulosa Cell Tumor* ; Granulosa Cells* ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Laparotomy ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Recurrence*

The expression of BCL-2 interacting cell death suppressor (BIS), an anti-stress or anti-apoptotic protein, has been shown to be regulated at the transcriptional level by heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) upon various stresses. Recently, HSF1 was also shown to bind to BIS, but the significance of these protein-protein interactions on HSF1 activity has not been fully defined. In the present study, we observed that complete depletion of BIS using a CRISPR/Cas9 system in A549 non-small cell lung cancer did not affect the induction of heat shock protein (HSP) 70 and HSP27 mRNAs under various stress conditions such as heat shock, proteotoxic stress, and oxidative stress. The lack of a functional association of BIS with HSF1 activity was also demonstrated by transient downregulation of BIS by siRNA in A549 and U87 glioblastoma cells. Endogenous BIS mRNA levels were significantly suppressed in BIS knockout (KO) A549 cells compared to BIS wild type (WT) A549 cells at the constitutive and inducible levels. The promoter activities of BIS and HSP70 as well as the degradation rate of BIS mRNA were not influenced by depletion of BIS. In addition, the expression levels of the mutant BIS construct, in which 14 bp were deleted as in BIS-KO A549 cells, were not different from those of the WT BIS construct, indicating that mRNA stability was not the mechanism for autoregulation of BIS. Our results suggested that BIS was not required for HSF1 activity, but was required for its own expression, which involved an HSF1-independent pathway.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* ; Cell Death ; Down-Regulation ; Glioblastoma ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; Homeostasis ; Hot Temperature ; Oxidative Stress ; RNA Stability ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Shock ; Transcriptional Activation*

Chios gum mastic (CGM) is a resinous exudate obtained from the stem and the main leaves of Pistacia lenticulus tree native to Mediterranean areas. Recently, it was reported that CGM induced apoptosis in a few cancer cells in vitro. Since recent studies indicated the synergistic interactions between the apoptotic stimulus and a proteasome inhibitor, the ubiquintin-proteasome pathway has become an attractive target in cancer therapy. And to date, there has been no report of the synergistic apoptotic effect between CGM and a proteasome inhibitor to become an attractive target in cancer therapy. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the synergistic apoptotic effect of co-treatment with a natural product, CGM, and a proteasome inhibitor, lactacystin, on human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells. To investigate whether the co-treatment of CGM and lactacystin compared with each single treatment efficiently induced apoptosis on HOS cells, MTT assay, DNA electrophoresis, Hoechst staining, DNA hypoploidy assay, Westen blot analysis, immunofluorescent staining, proteasome activity and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) change were performed. In this study, HOS cells co-treated with CGM and lactacystin showed several lines of apoptotic manifestation such as nuclear condensation, DNA fragmentation, the reduction of MMP and proteasome activity, the decrease of DNA content, the release of cytochrome c into cytosol, the translocation of AIF and DFF40 (CAD) onto nuclei, and activation of caspase-7, caspase-3, PARP and DFF45 (ICAD) whereas each single treated HOS cells hardly showed. We presented data indicating that the co-treatment of CGM and lactacystin induced potentially apoptosis whereas each single treatment did slightly. Moreover, the co-treatment of CGM and lactacystin potentiated the inhibition of proteasome activity. Therefore, our data provide the possibility that combination therapy of CGM and lactacystin could be considered as a novel therapeutic strategy for human osteosarcoma.
Acetylcysteine ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; Caspase 7 ; Cytochromes c ; Cytosol ; DNA ; DNA Fragmentation ; Electrophoresis ; Exudates and Transudates ; Gingiva ; Humans ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; Osteosarcoma ; Pistacia ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex ; Proteasome Inhibitors ; Resins, Plant ; Trees